Large outdoor fires and the built environment — Global overview of different approaches to standardization

This document provides a review of global testing methodologies related to the vulnerabilities of buildings from large outdoor fire exposures. It also provides information on land use management practices. Some of the test methods outlined in this document have been developed in the context of building fires and extrapolated to external fire exposures.

Titre manque

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
12-Jun-2022
Current Stage
9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
Due Date
11-Feb-2025
Completion Date
11-Feb-2025
Ref Project

Relations

Buy Standard

Technical report
ISO/TR 24188:2022 - Large outdoor fires and the built environment — Global overview of different approaches to standardization Released:13. 06. 2022
English language
19 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 24188
First edition
2022-06
Large outdoor fires and the built
environment — Global overview
of different approaches to
standardization
Reference number
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Ignition scenarios .3
5 Regulation principle and strategies . 4
5.1 Japan . 4
5.2 California State Building Code (US) . 5
5.3 NFPA 1144, Standard for Reducing Structure Ignition Hazards from Wildland Fire
(US) . 5
5.4 International Wildland Urban Interface Code (IWUIC) . 5
5.5 France . 6
5.6 Australia . 6
6 Approach for roofing assemblies .6
6.1 Japan . 6
6.2 North America. 7
6.3 France . 7
6.4 Australia . 7
7 Approach for exterior walls and facades . 8
7.1 Japan . 8
7.2 North America. 8
7.2.1 Fire resistance for exterior walls based on traditional inside-building fire
test methods . 8
7.2.2 Exterior walls outdoor fire exposures. 8
7.3 France . 9
7.4 Australia . 9
8 Other building elements . 9
8.1 Vents . 9
8.2 Decks . 10
8.3 Eaves . 10
8.4 Windows. 10
8.4.1 North America . 10
8.4.2 Australia . 10
9 Additional provisions .10
9.1 Reaction-to-fire — California . 10
9.2 Reaction-to-fire — France. 11
10 Summary of scenarios and tests .11
Annex A (informative) Precise description of tests for roof performance defined in the
European Standard CEN/TS 1187 .14
Bibliography .17
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
Large outdoor fires have the potential to negatively impact the built environment.
Examples of such fires are:
— wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires (wildland fires that spread into communities; this type of fire
has become a global problem);
NOTE Once a WUI reaches a community, a large urban fire can develop.
— post-earthquake fires (large urban fires that potentially occur after an earthquake);
— tsunami-generated fires (fires potentially generated from tsunamis);
— volcano-generated fires (fires potentially generated from volcanic activity); and
— fires that occur in informal settlements.
This document provides an overview of approaches to standardization for lessening the destruction on
the built environment caused by such fire exposure. Evacuation is not included as there are no known
approaches to standardization as the present time.
v
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 24188:2022(E)
Large outdoor fires and the built environment — Global
overview of different approaches to standardization
1 Scope
This document provides a review of global testing methodologies related to the vulnerabilities of
buildings from large outdoor fire exposures. It also provides information on land use management
practices. Some of the test methods outlined in this document have been developed in the context of
building fires and extrapolated to external fire exposures.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1.1
bushfire
unplanned fire in a vegetated area, as opposed to an urban area
Note 1 to entry: Used primarily, but not exclusively, in Australia, New Zealand, and Africa.
Note 2 to entry: It is likely that the term was first used in South Africa and is possibly derived from the Dutch
th
word ‘bosch’ meaning uncultivated land. In Australia the term was first used in the first half of the 19 century.
th
The term passed into legislation in the first half of the 20 century, first in the Australian Capital Territory
(Bushfire Act, 1936), Western Australia (A Bush Fires Act, 1937) and New South Wales (Bush Fires Act, 1949).
Note 3 to entry: Definition adapted from Reference [42].
3.1.2
direct flame contact
flame impinging on building systems and materials
Note 1 to entry: Direct flame contact is one of the three structure ignition pathways, together with firebrands
and radiant heat.
Note 2 to entry: The flames can come either from the main wildfire flames, from burning elements and
ornamental vegetation surrounding structures, or from adjacent structures.
Note 3 to entry: Definition adapted from Reference [42].
3.1.3
evacuation
dispersal or removal of people from dangerous areas and their arrival at a place of relative safety
Note 1 to entry: Definition taken from Reference [42].
3.1.4
post-earthquake fire
fire which occurs after an earthquake
3.1.5
firebrand
airborne object capable of acting as an ignition source and carried for some distance in an airstream
Note 1 to entry: Firebrands are a
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.