IEC TS 62607-4-10:2026

IEC TS 62607-4-10 ®
Edition 1.0 2026-07
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
Nanomanufacturing - Key control characteristics -
Part 4-10: Nano-enabled energy storage - Electrochemical characteristics of
carbon nanomaterial for the electrodes of electric double-layer capacitors: coin
cell method
ICS 07.120  ISBN 978-2-8327-1356-3

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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 General . 9
4.1 Preparation of the coin-type EDLCs of the tested carbon nanomaterial . 9
4.2 Overview of the test . 10
4.2.1 Test sequence . 10
4.2.2 Test efficiency . 10
4.3 Test conditions . 11
4.4 Description of measurement equipment / apparatus . 11
4.4.1 Potentiostat/galvanostat equipment . 11
4.4.2 Environmental heating chamber . 11
5 Measurement. 11
5.1 Pre-conditioning of the coin-type EDLC samples . 11
5.2 Specific capacitance . 11
5.2.1 Charging and discharging process (CCC-CVC-CCD) . 11
5.2.2 Data analysis . 12
5.3 Rate capacitance . 13
5.3.1 Charging and discharging process (CCC-CVC-CCD at different
currents) . 13
5.3.2 Data analysis . 14
5.4 Voltage maintenance rate . 15
5.4.1 Charging and discharging process (CCC-CVC process) . 15
5.4.2 Data analysis . 15
5.5 Endurance in cycling . 16
5.5.1 Charging and discharging process (CCC-CCD) . 16
5.5.2 Data analysis . 17
5.6 Temperature endurance . 17
5.6.1 Charging and discharging process (CVC) . 17
5.6.2 Data analysis . 18
6 Results to be reported . 19
6.1 General . 19
6.2 Sample identification . 19
6.3 Assembly information of the coin-type EDLC . 19
6.4 Test results . 19
Annex A (informative) Test report . 20
Annex B (informative) Case study - Nanoporous activated carbon . 22
B.1 Sample information . 22
B.2 Equipment . 22
B.3 Specific capacitance . 23
B.3.1 CCC-CVC-CCD process . 23
B.3.2 Calculation . 24
B.3.3 Post-treatment . 25
B.4 Rate capacitance . 25
B.4.1 CCC-CVC-CCD process . 25
B.4.2 Calculation . 26
B.5 Voltage maintenance rate . 26
B.5.1 CCC-CVC process . 26
B.5.2 Calculation . 27
B.6 Endurance in cycling . 27
B.6.1 CCC-CVC process . 27
B.6.2 Calculation . 28
B.7 Temperature endurance . 29
B.7.1 Equipment . 29
B.7.2 Testing results . 30
B.7.3 Test report . 30
Bibliography . 33

Figure 1 – Overview of the test . 10
Figure 2 – Voltage–time profile of the coin-type EDLC during the CCC-CVC-CCD
process . 12
Figure 3 – Rate capacitance test diagram . 14
Figure 4 – Voltage maintenance rate test diagram . 15
Figure 5 – Endurance in cycling test diagram . 17
Figure 6 – Temperature endurance test diagram . 18
Figure B.1 – Potentiostat/galvanostat equipment . 23
Figure B.2 – V - t curve of the CCC-CVC-CCD process of the coin-type EDLC No.1. 24
Figure B.3 – Rate capacitance results of the nanoporous activated carbon . 26
Figure B.4 – V - t curves of coin-type EDLC No.12, No.14 and No.15 . 27
Figure B.5 – Endurance-in cycling test steps of coin-type EDLC No.12 . 28
Figure B.6 – Endurance-in cycling results of the nanoporous activated carbon . 29
Figure B.7 – The environment heating chamber for temperature endurance testing . 30
Figure B.8 – Temperature endurance results of the nanoporous activated carbon . 30

Table 1 – Primary supporting materials . 19
Table A.1 – Sample identification (according to IEC TS 62565-5-1) . 20
Table A.2 – Assembly information and data . 20
Table A.3 – Test results . 21
Table B.1 – Coin-type EDLC sample information for electrochemical performance
characterization of the nanoporous activated carbon . 22
Table B.2 – Specific capacitance of the nanoporous activated carbon . 25
Table B.3 – Specific capacitance ratio under different rate . 26
Table B.4 – The voltage maintenance rate results of the nanoporous activated carbon . 27
Table B.5 – Endurance in cycling results of the nanoporous activated carbon . 29
Table B.6 – Sample identification of the sample nanoporous activated carbon . 31
Table B.7 – Assembly information of the sample nanoporous activated carbon . 31
Table B.8 – Test results of the sample nanoporous activated carbon . 32

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Nanomanufacturing - Key control characteristics -
Part 4-10: Nano-enabled energy storage - Electrochemical characteristics
of carbon nanomaterial for the electrodes of electric double-layer
capacitors: coin cell method
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
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the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC TS 62607-4-10 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 113: Nanotechnology for
electrotechnical products and systems. It is a Technical Specification.
The text of this Technical Specification is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
113/959/DTS 113/983/RVDTS
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this Technical Specification is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62607 series, published under the general title Nanomanufacturing
- Key control characteristics, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
– reconfirmed,
– withdrawn, or
– revised.
INTRODUCTION
Electrochemical capacitors are widely used in electric vehicles, high-speed trains, aviation,
photovoltaics, wind power and electronics, due to their ultra-fast charge/discharge capability,
long cycle life, wide working temperature range, high safety and reliability and low maintenance
costs.
Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) are a category of the electrochemical capacitors. The
mechanism of energy storage for EDLCs relies on reversible ion adsorption at the interface
between the active material and electrolyte. Therefore, materials with a large specific surface
area - such as nanoporous carbon materials - are commonly employed as active materials in
EDLCs. Additionally, to enhance electrode conductivity, high-conductivity materials (e.g. carbon
black, graphene, and carbon nanotubes/CNTs) serve as conductive agents in EDLCs. Thus,
carbon nanomaterials play an irreplaceable and critical role in EDLCs, directly determining their
electrochemical performance.
The electrochemical performance of the carbon nanomaterial used in EDLC is evaluated using
the assembled device, like coin-type EDLCs, three-electrode EDLC cells or cylindrical EDLC
cells. Coin-cell-based characterization offers advantages including low cost, versatility, and
high efficiency, making it widely used in both academic and industrial settings.
This document introduces standard methods to determine the electrochemical key control
characteristics of the carbon nanomaterial based on the coin-type EDLCs.

1 Scope
This part of IEC TS 62607 establishes standardized methods to determine the electrochemical
key control characteristics, including:
– specific capacitance, voltage maintenance rate, endurance in cycling and temperature
endurance of carbon nanomaterials by determining the standard coin-type EDLC.
The electrochemical key control characteristics are derived by calculating the recording curve
at the specific charging and discharging process.
– The document is applicable for coin-type EDLC assembled from carbon nanomaterials, such
as nanoporous activated carbon, carbon aerogel, carbon nanotube, carbon black, graphene,
nano graphite sheet, vapor-grown carbon fibre and so on.
– Typical application areas of this method are research, manufacturer and downstream use
to guide material processing and quality control.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023, Nanomanufacturing - Product specifications - Part 5-1: Nanoporous
activated carbon - Blank detail specification: Electrochemical capacitor
IEC TS 62607-4-9, Nanomanufacturing - Key control characteristics - Part 4-9: Nano-enabled
energy storage - Electrochemical characteristics of carbon nanomaterial for the electrodes of
electric double layer capacitors (EDLC): Coin cell preparation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
– IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
– ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
electric double-layer capacitor
EDLC
device for electrostatic storage of electrical energy achieved by separation of charge in a double
layer
[SOURCE: ISO 18300:2016, 3.8]
3.2
coin cell
cell with a cylindrical shape in which the overall height is less than the diameter e.g. in the
shape of a button or a coin
Note 1 to entry: In practice, the term coin is used exclusively for non-aqueous lithium cells.
Note 2 to entry: Button cell is equivalent to coin cell.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-40, modified - "button cell" has been moved to a
note 2 to entry.]
3.3
active material
material that can be used to store energy by electrochemical double-layer or pseudo
capacitance effect
Note 1 to entry: Typically, nonreactive carbon materials are electric double-layer capacitance active material,
including activated carbon, pure carbon nanotube and pure graphene.
Note 2 to entry: Typically, carbon composites and carbons embedded with heteroatoms are pseudo capacitance
active material.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62565-5-2:2022, 3.3.1]
3.4
activated carbon
carbon, usually in the form of granules, treated to enhance its surface area and consequent
ability to adsorbs/desorbs the ions through a highly developed pore structure
Note 1 to entry: Activated charcoal is equivalent to activated carbon.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023, 3.2.5, modified - "activated charcoal" has been moved to a
note 1 to entry.]
3.5
nanoporous activated carbon
activated carbon with nanopores
Note 1 to entry: The performance of such activated carbon application mainly depends on its nanoporous structure.
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023, 3.2.6]
3.6
upper category temperature
highest ambient temperature including internal heating in which a capacitor is designed to
operate continuously
[SOURCE: IEC 62391-1:2022, 3.40]
3.7
applied voltage
voltage (V) applied between the terminals of a capacitor
[SOURCE: IEC 62576:2018, 3.2]
3.8
rated voltage
U
R
maximum DC voltage (V) that may be applied continuously for a certain time under the upper
category temperature to a capacitor so that a capacitor can exhibit specified demand
characteristics
Note 1 to entry: This voltage is the setting voltage in capacitor design.
[SOURCE: IEC 62576:2018, 3.20, modified – Note 2 has been deleted.]
3.9
charge current
I
c
current (A) required to charge a capacitor
[SOURCE: IEC 62576:2018, 3.7]
3.10
discharge current
I
d
current (A) required to discharge a capacitor
[SOURCE: IEC 62576:2018, 3.11]
3.11
calculation start voltage
voltage (V) at a selected start point for calculating the characteristics including capacitance
under a state of voltage decrease during discharge
[SOURCE: IEC 62576:2018, 3.4]
3.12
calculation end voltage
voltage (V) at a selected end point for calculating the characteristics including capacitance
under a state of voltage decrease during discharge
[SOURCE: IEC 62576:2018, 3.3]
3.13
capacitance
ability of a capacitor to store electrical charge
Note 1 to entry: Unit: farad (F).
[SOURCE: IEC 62576:2018, 3.5, modified - information on units has been moved to Note 1 to
entry.]
3.14
constant current charging
CCC
charge during which the electric current is maintained at a constant value regardless of the
voltage or temperature
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-38]
3.15
constant voltage charging
CVC
charge during which the voltage is maintained at a constant value regardless of charge current
or temperature
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-49]
3.16
constant current discharging
CCD
discharge during which the electric current is maintained at a constant value regardless of the
voltage or temperature
3.17
specific capacitance
capacitance of capacitor divided by the mass or volume of active material
Note 1 to entry: Unit: farad per gram (F/g) or farad per cubic centimetre (F/cm )
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023, 3.6.3]
3.18
voltage maintenance rate
ratio of voltage maintenance
ratio of the voltage at the open-ended terminals to the charge voltage after a specified time
period subsequent to the charging of a capacitor
[SOURCE: IEC 62576:2018, 3.25]
3.19
endurance in cycling
number of charge and discharge cycles when the measured capacitance or internal resistance
value reaches a specified degree of its initial value under a certain temperature and a certain
rate of charge current
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023, 3.6.6]
3.20
temperature endurance
ratio of the capacitance or internal resistance to its initial value after a specified charging time
at constant voltage charge under a certain temperature
[SOURCE: IEC TS 62565-5-1:2023, 3.6.7]
4 General
4.1 Preparation of the coin-type EDLCs of the tested carbon nanomaterial
Prior to measuring the electrochemical key control characteristics, the carbon nanomaterial
under test shall be assembled into standard coin-type EDLCs in accordance with
IEC TS 62607-4-9. For characterizing the key electrochemical characteristics of a single carbon
nanomaterial sample, at least 12 coin-type EDLCs shall be prepared.
4.2 Overview of the test
4.2.1 Test sequence
Before the test, all the coin-type EDLCs shall be pre-conditioned. Notably, the known
capacitance of each coin-type EDLC serves as foundational reference for tests including rate
capacitance, voltage maintenance rate, endurance in cycling and temperature endurance.
To ensure the reliability of test results, replicate EDLCs within a single test, for instance, the
three parallel coin-type EDLCs used in the rate capacitance test shall be in identical states.
Furthermore, each coin-type EDLC is dedicated to only one of the four aforementioned tests
(rate capacitance, voltage maintenance rate, endurance in cycling and temperature endurance)
and shall not be reused across different test types.
Therefore, it is suggested to test the specific capacitance of all assembled coin-type EDLCs
first, then select at least three suitable coin-type EDLCs for the other tests. The test sequence
of electrochemical key characteristics and the corresponding number of the sample coin-type
EDLCs required for each testing are shown in Figure 1, where the references to the specific
clauses are also given.
Figure 1 – Overview of the test
4.2.2 Test efficiency
The times for testing the specific capacitance and rate capacitance, voltage maintenance rate,
endurance in cycling and temperature endurance are about 1 h, 2 h, 81 h, 73 h, 2 522 h and
1 644 h, respectively.
The rate capacitance, voltage maintenance rate, endurance in cycling and temperature
endurance test are optional test and shall be agreed between manufacturer and user.
4.3 Test conditions
Unless otherwise specified, all procedures shall be operated under standard atmospheric
conditions as following:
– Temperature: 25 °C ± 2 °C.
– Relative humidity: 25 % to 75 %.
– Air pressure: 86 kPa to 106 kPa.
4.4 Description of measurement equipment / apparatus
4.4.1 Potentiostat/galvanostat equipment
The potentiostat/galvanostat equipment shall be capable of constant current charging (CCC),
constant voltage charging (CVC), constant current discharging (CCD), and can continuously
measure and record the current and the voltage between the capacitor terminals in time-series.
4.4.2 Environmental heating chamber
The chamber shall be allowed to adjust the tem
...