ISO/IEC 30101:2014

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 30101
First edition
2014-11-15
Information technology — Sensor
networks: Sensor network and its
interfaces for smart grid system
Technologies de l’information — Réseaux de capteurs: Réseau de
capteurs et ses interfaces pour un réseau électrique intelligent
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2014
© ISO/IEC 2014
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ii © ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative References . 1
3 Terms and Definitions . 1
4 Symbols (and abbreviated terms) . 2
5 Smart Grid Reference Models and Architectures . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Smart Grid Architectures Adopted for Developing Sensor Network & its Interfaces
for Smart Grid System . 3
5.3 IEEE 2030 Smart Grid Interoperability Guideline Standard . 4
6 Sensor Network Interface with SG Entities .10
7 Sensors in Smart Grid System .16
7.1 Introduction .16
7.2 Sensors in Bulk Generation Domain .18
7.3 Sensors in Transmission Domain.26
7.4 Sensors in Distribution Domain .36
7.5 Sensors in Customer Domain .45
8 Networks in Smart Grid Domains .45
9 Sensor Network Architecture Supporting Smart Grid System .47
9.1 Architecture of Sensor Network and its Interfaces for Smart Grid System .47
9.2 SG Domain .48
9.3 Sensing Domain .48
9.4 Network Domain .50
9.5 Service Domain .50
9.6 Tasks and Activities in Sensor Networks Enabled by the Domain Functions .51
Annex A (informative) Other Smart Grid Reference Models and Architectures.53
Annex B (normative) IEEE 2030 Descriptions of Entities and Interfaces .62
Annex C (informative) Type of Sensors in Smart Grid Domains .84
Annex D (informative) Sensor Network Applications and Services for Smart Grid .89
Annex E (informative) Sensor Network Architecture for ISO/IEC 29182-5 Supporting Smart
Grid System .99
Bibliography .101
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction
and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology.
iv © ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved

Introduction
Transitioning the existing Power Grid to Smart Grid is a challenging task over a lengthy period, and all
power needs should be satisfied during the period that this transition takes place. This transition will
likely affect a broad set of stakeholders, e.g., individuals and businesses, and the stakeholders should
properly be informed of the changes taking place and to come. Smart Grid is a large, complex system
which operates at various operation modes ranging from fully automated to handle time critical and
instantaneous responses (sensing and actuation) to human-in-the-loop for response and interaction
(command and control). The transition to Smart Grid will be a gradual migration with the coexistence
of diverse technologies, systems, and equipment from the past, today, and the future. To ensure the
interoperability of the diverse technologies, systems, and equipment without compromising the
performance (e.g., reliability, safety, cyber security, etc.), Smart Grid will require effective standards.
These standards should not be static, but evolve over the transitional time period. These standards
should maintain their integrity to support all technologies, systems, and equipment that are and will be
involved during the transition.
This International Standard does not address standards for Smart Grid (e.g., electrical power system).
This International Standard addresses sensor network and its interfaces to Smart Grid, e.g., various
applications of the sensor network to Smart Grid. The sensor network and its processing algorithms
provide intelligent services to the user, e.g., operators in various domains of Smart Grid including power
utilities and consumers.
The sensor network plays many critical roles in all areas of Smart Grid because: (1) sensors with processing
capability are smart devices and sensor nodes can include actuators, (2) sensor data/information are
transmitted via wired/wireless communication systems and data links, and sensor nodes typically
include communication devices that formulate protocols for the data/information streams, and (3)
sensors monitor and measure their designated environments, collect data from the environments,
analyse the data if they have processing capability, formats the data, and stores them at their local
memory devices; thus, within sensor network, some level of data management is necessary.
Sensor data from Smart Grid in many cases should be secured and cyber security should be in place to
prevent from unauthorized access of sensors and related devices on the sensor network. Certain types
of sensor data, e.g., customer data and information, should be protected from the information security
and privacy point of view.
The sensor network can provide various applications and services during the transitional road to Smart
Grid. The sensor network is expected to become one of the essential and critical players in migrating
the legacy power grid system to Smart Grid. This includes adding and integrating sensor-related and
network-related technologies with power systems and devices from the past, today, and the future.
From the sensor network point of view, the information technology (IT) network is considered as the
information highway or IT backbone providing the pathways for Smart Grid data and information.
Therefore, a study of existing sensor network and power system related standards is necessary to
leverage these standards for the sensor network standard development unique for Smart Grid, smart
grid services and applications during the transitional period and afterward.
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved v

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 30101:2014(E)
Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor
network and its interfaces for smart grid system
1 Scope
This International Standard is for sensor networks in order to support smart grid technologies for
power generation, distribution, networks, energy storage, load efficiency, control and communications,
and associated environmental challenges. This International Standard characterizes the requirements
for sensor networks to support the aforementioned applications and challenges. Data from sensors in
smart grid systems is collected, transmitted, published, and acted upon to ensure efficient coordination
of the various systems and subsystems. The intelligence derived through the sensor networks supports
synchronization, monitoring and responding, command and control, data/information processing,
security, information routing, and human-grid display/graphical interfaces.
This International standard specifies
— interfaces between the sensor networks and other networks for smart grid system applications,
— sensor network architecture to support smart grid systems,
— interface between sensor networks with smart grid systems, and
— sensor network based emerging applications and services to support smart grid systems.
2 Normative References
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 29182-1, Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture
(SNRA) — Part 1: General overview and requirements
ISO/IEC 29182-2, Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture
(SNRA) — Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology
ISO/IEC 29182-3, Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture
(SNRA) — Part 3: Refere
...