IEC 63132-1:2020

IEC 63132-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2020-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Guidance for installation procedures and tolerances of hydroelectric machines –
Part 1: General aspects
Lignes directrices des procédures et tolérances d’installation des machines
hydroélectriques –
Partie 1: Aspects généraux
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IEC 63132-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2020-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Guidance for installation procedures and tolerances of hydroelectric machines –

Part 1: General aspects
Lignes directrices des procédures et tolérances d’installation des machines

hydroélectriques –
Partie 1: Aspects généraux
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.140 ISBN 978-2-8322-8101-7

– 2 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Concept . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Reference centre . 7
4.3 Best centre . 7
4.4 Concentricity . 9
4.5 Circularity . 10
4.6 Reference horizontal plane . 11
4.7 Reference vertical plane . 11
4.8 Best fit plane . 11
4.9 Axis of rotation . 11
4.10 Junction . 11
4.11 Elevation . 12
4.12 Level . 13
4.13 Inclination . 13
4.14 Flatness in line . 14
4.15 Parallelism . 15
4.16 Orientation in plan . 16
4.17 Runner diameter . 16
4.18 Runner clearance . 17
4.19 Guide vane top clearance . 18
4.20 Guide vane bottom clearance . 19
4.21 Guide vane to guide vane clearance . 19
4.22 Shaft verticality . 19
4.23 Stator core verticality . 20
4.24 Rotor pole verticality . 21
4.25 Stator magnetic centre . 22
4.26 Rotor magnetic centre . 22
4.27 Diameter of stator core (D ) . 23
SC
4.28 Runout . 23
4.29 Shaft straightness . 24
4.30 Turbine/generator supplier . 25
5 Best practices . 25
Bibliography . 26

Figure 1 – Axes definition for vertical units . 7
Figure 2 – Best centre sample calculation . 9
Figure 3 – Concentricity . 10
Figure 4 – Circularity . 11
Figure 5 – Junction . 12
Figure 6 – Elevation . 13
Figure 7 – Level . 13

Figure 8 – Inclination . 14
Figure 9 – Flatness in line . 15
Figure 10 – Parallelism . 15
Figure 11 – Orientation in plan . 16
Figure 12 – Cases of runner diameters . 17
Figure 13 – Runner clearance . 18
Figure 14 – Guide vane top and bottom clearances. 19
Figure 15 – Guide vane to guide vane clearance. 19
Figure 16 – Shaft verticality . 20
Figure 17 – Stator core verticality . 21
Figure 18 – Rotor pole verticality . 21
Figure 19 – Stator magnetic centre . 22
Figure 20 – Rotor magnetic centre . 23
Figure 21 – Runout . 24
Figure 22 – Shaft straightness . 25

Table 1 – Sample calculation . 8

– 4 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
GUIDANCE FOR INSTALLATION PROCEDURES
AND TOLERANCES OF HYDROELECTRIC MACHINES –

Part 1: General aspects
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 63132-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 4: Hydraulic
turbines.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
4/380/FDIS 4/390/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this International Standard can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 63132 series, published under the general title Guidance for
installation procedures and tolerances of hydroelectric machines, can be found on the IEC
website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

– 6 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020
GUIDANCE FOR INSTALLATION PROCEDURES
AND TOLERANCES OF HYDROELECTRIC MACHINES –

Part 1: General aspects
1 Scope
The purpose of this part of IEC 63132 is to establish, in a general way, suitable procedures and
tolerances for the installation of hydroelectric turbines and generators. This document presents
a typical assembly. There are many possible ways to assemble a unit. The size of the machines,
design of the machines, layout of the powerhouse and delivery schedule of the components are
some of the elements that could result in additional steps, the elimination of some steps and/or
assembly sequences.
It is understood that a publication of this type will be binding only if, and to the extent that, both
contracting parties have agreed upon it.
Installations for refurbishment projects or for small hydro projects are not in the scope of this
document. An agreement between all parties is necessary.
This document excludes matters of purely commercial interest, except those inextricably bound
up with the conduct of installation.
The tolerances in this document have been established upon best practices and experience,
although it is recognized that other standards specify different tolerances.
Wherever this document specifies that documents, drawings or information is supplied by a
manufacturer (or manufacturers), each individual manufacturer will furnish the appropriate
information for their own supply only.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
4 Concept
4.1 General
For vertical units, reference axes are defined in relation to upstream, looking at the unit from
the generator end (see Figure 1). Upstream corresponds to the Y+ axis, 0° and 12 h 00. The
angles increase in the clockwise direction; therefore, the X+ axis corresponds to 90°, the right
hand side and 3 h 00.
For horizontal units, upstream is replaced by vertical up and downstream replaced by vertical
down.
Figure 1 – Axes definition for vertical units
4.2 Reference centre
The reference centre is the best centre of the designated (or specific) component that all other
components should be aligned to.
4.3 Best centre
The best centre of a circular shape component corresponds to the point for which the circularity
has the minimal deviation. Its location is calculated from a set of radii at equal angles and
measured from the reference centre.
Determination:
The components x and y of the best centre from the reference centre can be calculated with the
following two formulae, where 0° is located upstream and the angle increases clockwise:
2 n
x= R sin(θ)
∑ i i
i=1
n
n
y= R cos(θ)
∑ ii
i=1
n
– 8 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020
where
n is the number of readings;
R is the measured radius;
i
θ is the angular position of each measurement.
i
Table 1 shows a sample calculation.
Table 1 – Sample calculation
The explanation of how to calculate the best centre is given below (see Figure 2):
X(#4) = 100,25 × sin135˚ = 70,89
Y(#4) = 100,25 × cos135˚ = −70,89
bcX = {0,00 + 70,68 + 100,05 + 70,89 + 0,00 + (−70,75) + (−100,00) + (−70,43)} × 2/8 =
0,11
bcY = {99,65 + 70,68 + 0,00 + (−70,89) + (−100,45) + (−70,75) + 0,00 + 70,43} × 2/8 =
−0,33
Concentricity: (0,11) +−( 0,33) =0,35
Thus the best centre of the component is located 0,11 units upstream (Y+) and 0,33 units
to the left (X−) of the reference centre. Calculated radii based on the Best Centre as the
new reference can be calculated in order to calculate circularity.
Calculated X(#4) = X(#4) − bcX = 70,89 − 0,11 = 70,78
Calculated Y(#4) = Y(#4) − bcY = −70,89 − (−0,33) = −70,55
2 2
Calculated radius (#4) = (70,78) +−( 70,55) =99,94
Circularity: max. − min. = 100,12 − 99,89 = 0,22

Figure 2 – Best centre sample calculation
4.4 Concentricity
The concentricity is the radial distance, d, from the reference centre to the best centre of the
component (see Figure 3).
– 10 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020

Figure 3 – Concentricity
4.5 Circularity
Circularity is the difference between the maximum and minimum radii, measured from the
component best centre (see Figure 4).

Figure 4 – Circularity
4.6 Reference horizontal plane
The reference horizontal plane is a horizontal plane located at the average elevation of a feature
on the component that the other component should be aligned to.
4.7 Reference vertical plane
The reference vertical plane is a vertical plane located at the average distance of a feature on
the component that the other component should be aligned to.
4.8 Best fit plane
The best fit plane is a calculated plane which represents a surface. The best fit plane minimizes
the sum of perpendicular distances from each measurement point to the plane.
4.9 Axis of rotation
The axis of rotation is the axis that all points on the rotating components rotate about.
4.10 Junction
A step s, where two components meet, or where the projection of one component meets the
other component (in cases where they are not in direct contact). See Figure 5.

– 12 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020

Figure 5 – Junction
4.11 Elevation
The vertical distance to a horizontal plane located at the average elevation of a feature on the
component from the reference horizontal plane (see Figure 6).

Figure 6 – Elevation
4.12 Level
The level, as used in this document, is the deviation of the best fit plane, calculated from a
series of equally spaced elevation measurements, from a reference horizontal plane
(see Figure 7).
Figure 7 – Level
4.13 Inclination
Inclination is the slope of a best fit plane of a vertical surface with respect to a vertical reference
plane(s) (see Figure 8).
– 14 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020

Figure 8 – Inclination
4.14 Flatness in line
The distance between the two closest parallel lines, where all measured points fall on or in
between these two lines (see Figure 9).

Figure 9 – Flatness in line
4.15 Parallelism
Parallelism is the difference between the maximum and minimum measured distances between
two lines (see Figure 10).
Figure 10 – Parallelism
– 16 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020
4.16 Orientation in plan
Orientation in plan is the difference in angle between the upstream and downstream axes of
the component with the reference upstream and downstream axes (see Figure 11).

Figure 11 – Orientation in plan
4.17 Runner diameter
For the purpose of this document, the runner diameter (RD) for reaction turbine is the largest
diameter of the runner. For impulse turbine, the runner diameter is the jet pitch circle diameter.
These definitions are only applicable for this document. Figure 12 a), b) and c) shows different
cases of runner diameter.
a) Francis runner diameter
b) Kaplan or propeller runner diameter

c) Pelton runner diameter
Figure 12 – Cases of runner diameters
4.18 Runner clearance
The runner clearance is the radial gap between the runner and the stationary seals (Francis
turbine) or discharge ring (Kaplan and propeller turbine). See Figure 13 a) and b).

– 18 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020

a) Runner clearance (Francis turbine)

b) Runner clearance (Kaplan or propeller turbine)
Figure 13 – Runner clearance
4.19 Guide vane top clearance
The guide vane top clearance is the clearance between the head cover and guide vane (see
Figure 14).
4.20 Guide vane bottom clearance
The guide vane bottom clearance is the clearance between the bottom ring and the guide vane
(see Figure 14).
Figure 14 – Guide vane top and bottom clearances
4.21 Guide vane to guide vane clearance
The guide vane to guide vane clearance is the clearance between the sealing surfaces of two
guide vanes when the guide vanes are closed (see Figure 15).

Figure 15 – Guide vane to guide vane clearance
4.22 Shaft verticality
Shaft verticality is the deviation of the axis of rotation from vertical (see Figure 16).

– 20 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020

Figure 16 – Shaft verticality
4.23 Stator core verticality
Stator core verticality is the deviation of the face of the stator core from vertical (see Figure 17).

Figure 17 – Stator core verticality
4.24 Rotor pole verticality
Rotor pole verticality is the deviation of the face of the poles from vertical (see Figure 18).

Figure 18 – Rotor pole verticality

– 22 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020
4.25 Stator magnetic centre
The stator magnetic centre is the average axial centre of the stator core (see Figure 19).

Figure 19 – Stator magnetic centre
4.26 Rotor magnetic centre
The rotor magnetic centre is the average axial centre of the rotor poles (see Figure 20).

Figure 20 – Rotor magnetic centre
4.27 Diameter of stator core (D )
SC
The diameter of the stator core is the inside diameter of the stator core.
4.28 Runout
Runout is a measure of the deviation of the geometric centre of the shaft from the axis of rotation
(see Figure 21). The magnitude of the runout is equal to the diameter of the orbit created by
the geometric centre of the shaft as it rotates around the axis of rotation.
For the runout tolerance calculation, two values are used:
• L: axial distance from thrust surface to the point of measurement;
• D: the thrust bearing sliding surface outside diameter.

– 24 – IEC 63132-1:2020 © IEC 2020

Figure 21 – Runout
4.29 Shaft straightness
Shaft straightness is the deviation of the geometric centre of a shaft, at any axial location on
the shaft system, from an axis passing through the geometric centres of the two axial centres
of the shaft system journals that are furthest apart (see Figure 22).

Figure 22 – Shaft straightness
4.30 Turbine/generator supplier
The turbine/generator supplier is defined in this document as the party who performs design,
manufacturing and installation works.
5 Best practices
Throughout the assembly of both the turbine and generator, taking preventative measures to
protect critical surfaces and components, such as flanges, bearings, windings, etc., from
contamination due to welding, grinding, cutting, painting, dust, debris, etc., is considered to be
a best practice.
Whenever components are welded at site, they are subjected to the potential distortion because of
stresses ca
...