IEC 60086-1:1996/AMD2:1999

INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
60086-1
AMENDMENT 2
1999-03
Amendment 2
Primary batteries –
Part 1: General
Amendement 2
Piles électriques –
Partie 1: Généralités
 IEC 1999  Copyright - all rights reserved
International Electrotechnical Commission 3, rue de Varembé Geneva, Switzerland
Telefax: +41 22 919 0300 e-mail: inmail@iec.ch IEC web site http://www.iec.ch
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
PRICE CODE
F
International Electrotechnical Commission
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – 60086-1 amend. 2 © IEC:1999(E)

FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by IEC technical committee 35: Primary cells and

batteries.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:

FDIS Report on voting
35/1090/FDIS 35/1097/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
A bilingual version of this amendment may be issued at a later date.
___________
Page 55
7.5 Off-load voltage limits
Add, after this subclause, the following new subclause 7.6:
7.6 Interchangeability: Battery voltage
Primary batteries as presently standardized in IEC 60086 can be categorized by their standard
1)
discharge voltage U . For a new battery system, its interchangeability by voltage is assessed
s
for compliance with the following formula:
n × (U – 15 %) < m × U < n × (U + 15 %)
r s r
where
n is the number of cells connected in series, based on reference voltage U
r;
m is the number of cells connected in series, based on standard discharge voltage U .
s
Currently two voltage ranges that conform to the above formula have been identified. They are
identified by reference voltage U , which is the midpoint of the relevant voltage range.
r
Voltage range 1, U = 1,4 (V): Batteries having a standard discharge voltage m × U equal to or
r s
within the range of n × 1,19 (V) to n × 1,61 (V)
Voltage range 2, U = 3,2 (V): Batteries having a standard discharge voltage m × U equal to or
r s
within the range of n × 2,72 (V) to n × 3,68 (V)
The term standard discharge voltage and related quantities, as well as the methods of their
determination, are given in annex C.
NOTE – For single-cell batteries and for multi-cell batteries assembled with cells of the same voltage range, m and
n will be identical; m and n will be different for multi-cell batteries if assembled with cells from a different voltage
range than those of an already standardized battery.
___________
1)
The standard discharge voltage U was introduced to comply with the principle of experimental verifiability.
s
Neither the nominal voltage nor the maximum off-load voltage complies with this requirement.

60086-1 Amend. 2 © IEC:1999(E) – 3 –

Voltage range 1 encompasses all presently standardized batteries with a nominal voltage of

about 1,5 (V), i.e. “no-letter” system, systems A, F, G, L, P and S.

Voltage range 2 encompasses all presently standardized batteries with a nominal voltage of

about 3 (V), i.e. systems B, C and E.

Because batteries from voltage range 1 and voltage range 2 show significantly different

discharge voltages, they shall be designed physically non-interchangeable. Before standard-

izing a new electrochemical system, its standard discharge voltage shall be determined in

accordance with the procedure given in annex C to resolve its interchangeability by voltage.

WARNING
Failure to comply with this requirement can present safety hazards to the user, such as
fire, explosion, leakage and/or device damage.
This requirement is necessary for safety and operational reasons.
Page 95
Add, after annex B, the new annex C as follows:
Annex C
(informative)
Standard discharge voltage – definition and method of determination
C.1 Definition
The standard discharge voltage U is typical for a given electrochemical system. It is a unique
s
voltage in that it is independent of both the size and the internal construction of the battery. It
only depends on its charge-transfer reaction. The standard discharge voltage U is defined by
s
the formula in (1):
C
s
=×
U R (1)
s s
t
s
where
U is the standard discharge voltage;
s
C is the standard discharge capacity;
s
t is the standard discharge time;
s
R is the standard discharge resistor.
s
– 4 – 60086-1 amend. 2 © IEC:1999(E)

C.2 Determination
C/R
C.2.1 General considerations: The -plot

The determination of the discharge voltage U is accomplished via a C/R-plot (where C is the
d
discharge capacity of the battery; R is the discharge resistance). For illustration, see figure 1,
1)
which shows a schematic plot of discharge capacity C versus discharge resistor R in
d
normalized presentation, i.e. C(R )/C is plotted as a function of R . For low R -values, low
d p d d
C(R )-values are obtained and vice versa. On the gradual increase of R , discharge capacity
d d
2)
C(R ) also increases until finally a plateau is established and C(R ) becomes constant :

d d
C = constant (2)
p
which means C(R )/C = 1 as indicated by the horizontal line in figure C.1. It further shows that
d p
capacity C = f(R ) is dependent on the cut-off-voltage U : the higher its value, the larger is
d c
fraction ΔC that cannot
...