IEC 61643-12:2020
(Main)Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 12: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems - Selection and application principles
Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 12: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems - Selection and application principles
IEC 61643-12:2020 describes the principles for the selection, operation, location and coordination of SPDs to be connected to 50/60 Hz AC power circuits, and equipment rated up to 1 000 V RMS. These devices contain at least one non-linear component and are intended to limit surge voltages and divert surge currents.
NOTE 1 Additional requirements for special applications are also applicable, If required.
NOTE 2 IEC 60364 and IEC 62305-4 are also applicable.
NOTE 3 This standard deal only with SPDs and not with surge protection components (SPC) integrated inside equipment.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
NOTE The following differing practice of a less permanent nature exists in the USA: In the USA, SPDs tested to Class I tests are not required. This exception applies to the entire document. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Scope: Deleted reference to 1 500 V dc
b) Added or revised some definitions
c) Added new clause 4 on Need for protection
d) Added new information on disconnecting devices
e) Revised Characteristics of SPD
f) Revised List of parameters for SPD selection
g) Added new information on Measured Limiting Voltage
e) Added or revised some Annexes
Parafoudres à basse tension - Partie 12: Parafoudres connectés aux réseaux à basse tension - Principes de choix et de mise en œuvre
IEC 61643-12:2020 décrit les principes relatifs au choix, au fonctionnement, à l'emplacement et à la coordination des parafoudres à connecter à des circuits de puissance 50 Hz/60 Hz en courant alternatif, et des matériels de puissance allant jusqu'à 1 000 V en valeur efficace. Ces dispositifs contiennent au moins un composant non linéaire et visent à limiter les tensions de choc et à écouler les courants de choc.
NOTE 1 Des exigences supplémentaires relatives à des applications particulières sont également applicables, si cela est exigé.
NOTE 2 L'IEC 60364 et l'IEC 62305-4 s'appliquent également.
NOTE 3 La présente norme traite seulement des parafoudres et non des composants de parafoudres (SPC) intégrés dans un matériel.
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition parue en 2008. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
NOTE La méthode différente suivante, à caractère moins permanent, existe aux États-Unis: Aux États-Unis, les parafoudres soumis à l'essai de Classe I ne sont pas exigés. Cette exception s'applique à l'ensemble du document.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) Domaine d'application: La référence à 1 500 V en courant continu a été supprimée
b) Certaines définitions ont été ajoutées ou révisées
c) Un nouvel Article 4 relatif à la nécessité de protection a été ajouté
d) De nouvelles informations relatives aux dispositifs de déconnexion ont été ajoutées
e) Les caractéristiques du parafoudre ont été révisées
f) La liste des paramètres pour le choix des parafoudres a été révisée
g) De nouvelles informations relatives à la tension de limitation mesurée ont été ajoutées
e) Certaines Annexes ont été ajoutées ou révisées
Nizkonapetostne naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari - 12. del: Naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari za nizkonapetostne sisteme - Izbira in načela za uporabo (IEC 61643-12:2020)
Standard IEC 61643-12:2020 opisuje načela za izbiro, delovanje, lego in usklajenost naprav za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari, ki jih je treba priključiti na električne tokokroge z izmeničnim tokom 50/60 Hz in opremo z nazivno vrednostjo do 1000 V RMS. Te naprave vsebujejo vsaj eno nelinearno komponento ter so namenjene omejitvi sunkov napetosti in preusmeritvi toka.
OPOMBA 1: Veljajo tudi dodatne zahteve za posebne načine uporabe, če je to potrebno.
OPOMBA 2: Uporabljata se tudi standarda IEC 60364 in IEC 62305-4.
OPOMBA 3: Ta standard obravnava samo naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari (SPD), ne pa tudi komponente za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari (SPC), ki so vgrajene v opremo.
Tretja izdaja razveljavlja in nadomešča drugo izdajo, objavljeno leta 2008. Ta izdaja je tehnično popravljena izdaja.
OPOMBA: V ZDA obstaja naslednja drugačna praksa, ki je manj trajna: Naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari, ki so preskušene skladno s preskusi razreda I, v ZDA niso obvezne. Ta izjema velja za celoten dokument. Ta izdaja v primerjavi s prejšnjo vključuje naslednje pomembne tehnične spremembe:
a) področje uporabe: Izbrisan sklic na 1500 V enosmernega toka;
b) dodanih ali revidiranih nekaj definicij;
c) dodana nova točka 4 o potrebi po zaščiti;
d) dodane nove informacije o ločilnih napravah;
e) revidirane lastnosti naprav za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari;
f) revidiran seznam parametrov za izbiro naprav za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari;
g) dodane nove informacije o izmerjeni mejni napetosti;
e) dodanih ali revidiranih nekaj dodatkov.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2023
Nizkonapetostne naprave za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari - 12. del: Naprave
za zaščito pred prenapetostnimi udari za nizkonapetostne sisteme - Izbira in
načela za uporabo (IEC 61643-12:2020)
Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 12: Surge protective devices connected to
low-voltage power systems - Selection and application principles (IEC 61643-12:2020)
Parafoudres à basse tension - Partie 12: Parafoudres connectés aux réseaux à basse
tension - Principes de choix et de mise en œuvre (IEC 61643-12:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: IEC 61643-12:2020
ICS:
29.240.10 Transformatorske postaje. Substations. Surge arresters
Prenapetostni odvodniki
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
IEC 61643-12 ®
Edition 3.0 2020-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage surge protective devices –
Part 12: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems –
Selection and application principles
Parafoudres à basse tension –
Partie 12: Parafoudres connectés aux réseaux à basse tension –
Principes de choix et de mise en œuvre
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.240.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-7914-4
– 2 – IEC 61643-12:2020 © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 10
INTRODUCTION . 12
0.1 General . 12
0.2 Keys to understanding the structure of this document . 12
1 Scope . 14
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 15
3.1 Terms and definitions . 15
3.2 List of abbreviated terms and acronyms used in this document . 28
4 Need for protection . 29
5 Low-voltage power systems and equipment to be protected . 30
5.1 General . 30
5.2 Low-voltage power systems . 30
5.2.1 General . 30
5.2.2 Lightning overvoltages and surge currents . 30
5.2.3 Switching overvoltages . 31
5.2.4 Temporary overvoltages U . 32
TOV
5.3 Characteristics of the equipment to be protected. 33
6 Surge protective devices . 33
6.1 Basic functions of SPDs . 33
6.2 Additional requirements . 34
6.3 Classification of SPDs . 34
6.3.1 SPD: classification . 34
6.3.2 Typical design and topologies . 35
6.4 Characteristics of SPDs . 36
6.4.1 Service conditions as described in IEC 61643-11 . 36
6.4.2 List of parameters for SPD selection . 37
6.5 Additional information on characteristics of SPDs . 38
6.5.1 Information related to power-frequency voltages . 38
6.5.2 Information related to surge currents . 39
6.5.3 Information related to voltage protection level provided by SPDs . 40
6.5.4 Information related to the SPD’s status at its end of life . 42
6.5.5 I : Short-circuit current rating and I : Follow current interrupt
SCCR fi
rating . 43
6.5.6 I : Rated load current and ΔU: Voltage drop (for two-port SPDs or one-
L
port SPDs with separate input and output terminals) . 43
6.5.7 Information related to change of characteristics of SPDs . 44
7 Application of SPDs in low-voltage power systems . 44
7.1.1 General . 44
7.1.2 Consideration regarding location of the SPD depending on the classes
of test . 46
7.1.3 SPD modes of protection and installation . 46
7.1.4 Need for additional protection . 48
7.2 Selection of SPD characteristics . 55
7.2.1 General . 55
7.2.2 Selection of U , U , I , I , I , I , I and U of the SPD . 56
c T n imp max SCCR fi oc
7.2.3 Protective distance . 62
7.2.4 Expected lifetime . 62
7.2.5 Interaction between SPDs and other devices . 62
7.2.6 Choice of the voltage protection level U . 63
p
7.2.7 Coordination between the chosen SPD and other SPDs . 63
7.3 Characteristics of auxiliary devices . 66
7.3.1 Disconnecting devices . 66
7.3.2 Surge and event counters . 66
7.3.3 Status indicator . 67
Annex A (informative) Typical information required before selecting an SPD and
explanation of testing procedures . 68
A.1 Typical Information required before selecting an SPD . 68
A.1.1 System data . 68
A.1.2 SPD application considerations . 68
A.1.3 Characteristics of SPD . 69
A.1.4 Additional equipment and fittings . 69
A.2 Explanation of testing procedures used in IEC 61643-11 . 70
A.2.1 General Principles . 70
A.2.2 Test sequences and tests description . 70
Annex B (informative) Examples of relationship between U and nominal system voltage
c
and example of relationship between U and U for Metal oxide varistors (MOV) . 78
p c
B.1 Relationship between U and the nominal voltage of the system . 78
c
B.2 Relationship between U and U for Metal oxide varistors (MOV) . 78
p c
Annex C (informative) Environment – Surge voltages in LV systems . 80
C.1 General . 80
C.2 Lightning overvoltages . 80
C.2.1 General . 80
C.2.2 Surges transferred from MV to the LV system . 81
C.2.3 Overvoltages caused by direct flashes to LV distribution systems . 81
C.2.4 Induced overvoltages in LV distribution systems . 82
C.2.5 Overvoltages caused by flashes to a Lightning Protection System or to
a structure in close vicinity. 82
C.3 Switching overvoltages . 83
C.3.1 General . 83
C.3.2 General description . 84
C.3.3 Circuit-breaker and switch operations . 84
C.3.4 Fuse operations (current-limiting fuses) . 85
Annex D (informative) Partial lightning current calculations . 87
Annex E (informative) TOV in the low-voltage system due to faults between high-
voltage system and earth . 90
E.1 General . 90
E.2 References . 91
E.3 Symbols . 91
E.4 Overvoltages in LV-systems during a high-voltage earth fault . 91
E.5 Example of a TT-system – Calculation of the possible temporary
overvoltages . 93
E.5.1 Possible stresses on equipment in low-voltage installations due to earth
faults in a high-voltage system . 93
E.5.2 Characteristics of the high-voltage system . 94
– 4 – IEC 61643-12:2020 © IEC 2020
E.6 Temporary power-frequency overvoltages depending on different LV-
systems and different kinds of earthing configurations . 94
E.6.1 General . 94
E.6.2 Conclusion – Worst case SPDs stress current for SPDs HV-TOV
behaviour. . 96
E.6.3 Conclusion – Worst case test source for SPDs HV-TOV behaviour, if the
SPD is connected to ground between N-PE and / or L-PE: . 96
E.6.4 Examples of different LV-systems and their possible earthing
configurations . 97
E.7 Values of the temporary overvoltages for the US TN C system. 101
E.8 Values of temporary overvoltages used in IEC 61643-11 with explanations . 103
E.8.1 General . 103
E.8.2 Values of temporary overvoltages for US systems . 106
E.8.3 Values of temporary overvoltages for Japanese systems . 109
Annex F (informative) Coordination rules and principles . 114
F.1 General . 114
F.2 Energy coordination . 114
F.2.1 General . 114
F.2.2 Analytical studies: simple case of the coordination of two metal oxide
varistors (MOV) based SPDs . 114
F.2.3 Analytical study: ca
...
IEC 61643-12 ®
Edition 3.0 2020-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage surge protective devices –
Part 12: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems –
Selection and application principles
Parafoudres à basse tension –
Partie 12: Parafoudres connectés aux réseaux à basse tension –
Principes de choix et de mise en œuvre
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IEC 61643-12 ®
Edition 3.0 2020-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage surge protective devices –
Part 12: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems –
Selection and application principles
Parafoudres à basse tension –
Partie 12: Parafoudres connectés aux réseaux à basse tension –
Principes de choix et de mise en œuvre
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.240.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-7914-4
– 2 – IEC 61643-12:2020 © IEC 2020
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 10
INTRODUCTION . 12
0.1 General . 12
0.2 Keys to understanding the structure of this document . 12
1 Scope . 14
2 Normative references . 14
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 15
3.1 Terms and definitions . 15
3.2 List of abbreviated terms and acronyms used in this document . 28
4 Need for protection . 29
5 Low-voltage power systems and equipment to be protected . 30
5.1 General . 30
5.2 Low-voltage power systems . 30
5.2.1 General . 30
5.2.2 Lightning overvoltages and surge currents . 30
5.2.3 Switching overvoltages . 31
5.2.4 Temporary overvoltages U . 32
TOV
5.3 Characteristics of the equipment to be protected. 33
6 Surge protective devices . 33
6.1 Basic functions of SPDs . 33
6.2 Additional requirements . 34
6.3 Classification of SPDs . 34
6.3.1 SPD: classification . 34
6.3.2 Typical design and topologies . 35
6.4 Characteristics of SPDs . 36
6.4.1 Service conditions as described in IEC 61643-11 . 36
6.4.2 List of parameters for SPD selection . 37
6.5 Additional information on characteristics of SPDs . 38
6.5.1 Information related to power-frequency voltages . 38
6.5.2 Information related to surge currents . 39
6.5.3 Information related to voltage protection level provided by SPDs . 40
6.5.4 Information related to the SPD’s status at its end of life . 42
6.5.5 I : Short-circuit current rating and I : Follow current interrupt
SCCR fi
rating . 43
6.5.6 I : Rated load current and ΔU: Voltage drop (for two-port SPDs or one-
L
port SPDs with separate input and output terminals) . 43
6.5.7 Information related to change of characteristics of SPDs . 44
7 Application of SPDs in low-voltage power systems . 44
7.1.1 General . 44
7.1.2 Consideration regarding location of the SPD depending on the classes
of test . 46
7.1.3 SPD modes of protection and installation . 46
7.1.4 Need for additional protection . 48
7.2 Selection of SPD characteristics . 55
7.2.1 General . 55
7.2.2 Selection of U , U , I , I , I , I , I and U of the SPD . 56
c T n imp max SCCR fi oc
7.2.3 Protective distance . 62
7.2.4 Expected lifetime . 62
7.2.5 Interaction between SPDs and other devices . 62
7.2.6 Choice of the voltage protection level U . 63
p
7.2.7 Coordination between the chosen SPD and other SPDs . 63
7.3 Characteristics of auxiliary devices . 66
7.3.1 Disconnecting devices . 66
7.3.2 Surge and event counters . 66
7.3.3 Status indicator . 67
Annex A (informative) Typical information required before selecting an SPD and
explanation of testing procedures . 68
A.1 Typical Information required before selecting an SPD . 68
A.1.1 System data . 68
A.1.2 SPD application considerations . 68
A.1.3 Characteristics of SPD . 69
A.1.4 Additional equipment and fittings . 69
A.2 Explanation of testing procedures used in IEC 61643-11 . 70
A.2.1 General Principles . 70
A.2.2 Test sequences and tests description . 70
Annex B (informative) Examples of relationship between U and nominal system voltage
c
and example of relationship between U and U for Metal oxide varistors (MOV) . 78
p c
B.1 Relationship between U and the nominal voltage of the system . 78
c
B.2 Relationship between U and U for Metal oxide varistors (MOV) . 78
p c
Annex C (informative) Environment – Surge voltages in LV systems . 80
C.1 General . 80
C.2 Lightning overvoltages . 80
C.2.1 General . 80
C.2.2 Surges transferred from MV to the LV system . 81
C.2.3 Overvoltages caused by direct flashes to LV distribution systems . 81
C.2.4 Induced overvoltages in LV distribution systems .
...
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