IEC 61643-01:2024

IEC 61643-01 ®
Edition 1.0 2024-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage surge protective devices –
Part 01: General Requirements and test methods

Parafoudres basse tension –
Partie 01: Exigences générales et méthodes d’essai
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IEC 61643-01 ®
Edition 1.0 2024-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage surge protective devices –

Part 01: General Requirements and test methods

Parafoudres basse tension –
Partie 01: Exigences générales et méthodes d’essai

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.240.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-4974-1

– 2 – IEC 61643-01:2024  IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and symbols . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions . 11
3.2 Abbreviated terms and symbols . 22
4 Classification . 23
4.1 General . 23
4.2 Number of ports . 23
4.2.1 One . 23
4.2.2 Two . 23
4.3 SPD design . 23
4.3.1 Voltage switching. 23
4.3.2 Voltage limiting . 23
4.3.3 Combination . 23
4.4 Mode of protection design . 23
4.4.1 Voltage switching. 23
4.4.2 Voltage limiting . 23
4.4.3 Combination . 23
4.5 Type of SPD . 24
4.6 Environment . 24
4.6.1 Indoor . 24
4.6.2 Outdoor . 24
4.6.3 Non submersible SPDs . 24
4.6.4 Submersible SPDs . 24
4.7 Accessibility . 24
4.7.1 Accessible . 24
4.7.2 Inaccessible . 24
4.8 Mounting method . 24
4.8.1 Fixed . 24
4.8.2 Portable . 24
4.9 Location of disconnector (including overcurrent protection) . 25
4.9.1 Internal . 25
4.9.2 External . 25
4.9.3 Both (internal and external) . 25
4.9.4 None . 25
4.10 Degree of protection provided by enclosures according to IEC 60529 (IP
code) . 25
4.11 Temperature and humidity range . 25
4.11.1 Normal. 25
4.11.2 Extended . 25
4.12 SPD modes of protection . 25
4.12.1 SPD providing a single mode of protection . 25
4.12.2 Multimode SPD . 25
4.13 End-of-life mode of the SPDA . 25
4.13.1 Open-circuit mode (OCM) . 25

4.13.2 Short-circuit mode (SCM) . 25
4.14 Short-Circuit protection function for OCM end-of-life mode . 25
4.14.1 Internal . 25
4.14.2 External . 26
5 Void . 26
6 Marking and other product information . 26
6.1 General . 26
6.2 List of items . 26
6.3 Information about status indicator . 28
7 Service conditions . 28
7.1 Voltage . 28
7.2 Air pressure and altitude . 29
7.3 Temperatures . 29
7.4 Humidity . 29
8 Requirements . 29
8.1 General requirements . 29
8.2 Marking . 29
8.3 Electrical requirements . 30
8.3.1 Protection against electric shock . 30
8.3.2 Continuous current I . 30
C
8.3.3 Protective conductor current I . 30
PE
8.3.4 Measured limiting voltage . 31
8.3.5 Operating duty . 31
8.3.6 Safety performance of overstressed SPDs . 31
8.3.7 Insulation resistance . 32
8.3.8 Dielectric withstand . 33
8.3.9 Behaviour under temporary overvoltages . 33
8.4 Mechanical requirements . 33
8.4.1 General . 33
8.4.2 Screws, current carrying parts and connections . 33
8.4.3 External connections . 33
8.4.4 Air clearances and creepage distances . 35
8.4.5 Mechanical strength. 35
8.5 Environmental and material requirements . 35
8.5.1 Protection provided by enclosure (IP code) . 35
8.5.2 Heat resistance . 35
8.5.3 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire . 35
8.5.4 Tracking resistance . 36
8.5.5 Ageing behaviour under damp heat . 36
8.5.6 Electromagnetic compatibility . 36
8.6 Additional requirements for specific SPD designs . 36
8.6.1 Two port SPDs and one port SPDs with separate input/output
connections . 36
8.6.2 Environmental stress for outdoor SPDs . 37
8.6.3 SPDs with electrically separated circuits . 37
8.6.4 Total Discharge Current I , if declared by the manufacturer . 37
Total
8.6.5 Two port SPDs . 37
8.6.6 Short-circuiting SPDs . 38

– 4 – IEC 61643-01:2024  IEC 2024
8.7 Routine and acceptance tests . 38
9 Tests . 38
9.1 Type testing procedures . 38
9.1.1 General . 38
9.1.2 Impulse discharge current . 43
9.1.3 8/20 current impulse . 44
9.1.4 1,2/50 voltage impulse . 45
9.1.5 Combination wave . 45
9.2 Indelibility of markings . 47
9.3 Electrical tests . 48
9.3.1 Protection against direct contact . 48
9.3.2 Continuous current I . 48
C
9.3.3 Protective conductor current I . 49
PE
9.3.4 Measured limiting voltage . 49
9.3.5 Operating duty test . 52
9.3.6 Safety performance of overstressed SPDs . 58
9.3.7 Insulation resistance . 65
9.3.8 Dielectric withstand . 66
9.3.9 Behaviour under temporary overvoltages (TOVs) . 73
9.4 Mechanical tests . 73
9.4.1 General . 73
9.4.2 Reliability of screws, current-carrying parts and connections . 73
9.4.3 Tests for external connections for copper conductors . 75
9.4.4 Verification of air clearances and creepage distances . 78
9.4.5 Mechanical strength. 83
9.5 Environmental and material tests . 86
9.5.1 Resistance to ingress of solid objects and to harmful ingress of water . 86
9.5.2 Heat resistance . 86
9.5.3 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire . 88
9.5.4 Tracking resistance . 89
9.5.5 Life test under damp heat . 89
9.6 Additional tests for specific SPD designs . 89
9.6.1 Tests for two-port SPDs and one-port SPDs with separate input/output

connections . 89
9.6.2 Environmental tests for outdoor SPDs . 95
9.6.3 SPDs with separated circuits . 96
9.6.4 Total discharge current test for multimode SPDs . 96
9.6.5 Tests for two port SPDs only . 96
Annex A (normative) Routine and acceptance tests . 99
A.1 Routine tests. 99
A.2 Acceptance tests . 99
Annex B (normative) Tests to determine on SPD modes of protection with or without
follow current . 100
B.1 SPDs modes of protection and follow current . 100
B.2 Follow current determination for SPD’s combination mode of protection
according to 4.4.3.1 . 100
Annex C (normative) Temperature rise limits . 101
Annex D (normative) Environmental tests for outdoor SPDs . 103

D.1 Non submersible SPDs . 103
D.1.1 Accelerated aging test with UV radiation . 103
D.1.2 Temperature cycling test . 103
D.1.3 Verification of resistance to corrosion . 104
D.2 Submersible SPDs . 104
D.2.1 Water immersion test . 104
D.2.2 Dielectric test . 105
Annex E (normative) Short-circuiting SPDs . 106
E.1 General . 106
E.2 Transition surge current rating test . 106
E.2.1 General . 106
E.2.2 Test to reach the short-circuit mode of a short-circuiting SPD . 107
E.2.3 Impulse withstand test (in short-circuited condition) . 107
Annex F (normative) Reduced test procedure for series connection of SPD’s modes of
protection . 108
F.1 General . 108
F.2 Reduced test procedure . 108
Annex G (normative) Test procedures for SPDs according to 4.14.1.4 . 109
G.1 General . 109
G.2 Sample preparation and preconditioning for the short-circuit current
behaviour test . 109
G.2.1 Sample preparation . 109
G.2.2 Preconditioning procedure . 110
G.2.3 Pass criteria . 111
G.3 Specific overstress test . 111
G.3.1 Sample preparation . 111
G.3.2 General test procedure . 112
G.3.3 Pass criteria . 113
Bibliography . 114

Figure 1 – I/U characteristics for linear power source . 39
Figure 2 – Metallic screen test setup . 41
Figure 3 – Example of a decoupling network for single-phase power . 46
Figure 4 – Example of a decoupling network for three-phase power . 47
Figure 5 – Alternate test for the measured limiting voltage . 47
Figure 6 – Flow chart of testing to check the voltage protection level U . 50
p
Figure 7 – Flow chart for the operating duty tests according 9.3.5.3, 9.3.5.4 and 9.3.5.6 . 53
Figure 8 – Example of test set-up for operating duty test . 54
Figure 9 – Operating duty test timing diagram for T1 SPDs and T2 SPDs . 55
Figure 10 – Additional duty test timing diagram for T1 SPD . 56
Figure 11 – Flow chart for the additional test for SPDs with follow current . 57
Figure 12 – Example for test circuit for thermal protection test . 61
Figure 13 – Test apparatus for impact test . 83
Figure 14 – Striking element of the pendulum hammer . 84
Figure 15 – Ball pressure test arrangement. 87
Figure 16 – Pressure ball of loading device . 87

– 6 – IEC 61643-01:2024  IEC 2024
Figure 17 – Examples of appropriate test circuits for the rated load current test . 91
Figure 18 – Examples for appropriate test circuits of the load side short-circuit test(s) . 95
Figure 19 – Example of test set-up for load side surge operating duty test . 97
Figure E.1 – Differences in test procedure for short circuiting SPDs. 106
Figure G.1 – Sample preparation for preconditioning test . 110
Figure G.2 – Example of test setup for preconditioning . 110
Figure G.3 – Example of test setup for specific overstress test . 112
Figure G.4 – Typical timing diagram for specific overstress test . 113

Table 1 – List of abbreviated terms and symbols . 22
Table 2 – Type of SPD . 24
Table 3 – Pass criteria for type tests . 42
Table 4 – Example parameters for impulse discharge current . 44
Table 5 – Tests to be performed to determine the measured limiting voltage . 51
Table 6 – Prospective short circuit current to be applied depending on the maximum
overcurrent protection specified, for fuses of the gG type . 63
Table 7 – Dielectric impulse withstand test voltages for SPD main circuits . 67
Table 8 – Dielectric AC test voltages for SPD main circuits . 68
Table 9 – Dielectric AC test voltages for SPD main circuits . 68
Table 10 – Dielectric impulse withstand test voltages for separated circuits . 69
Table 11 – Dielectric AC test voltages for separated circuits . 70
Table 12 – Dielectric AC test voltages for separated circuits . 71
Table 13 – Dielectric AC test voltages between circuits with protective separation

(double/reinforced insulation) according to 9.3.7.2 c) and d) . 72
Table 14 – Impulse test voltages for verifying clearances at different altitudes . 73
Table 15 – Screw thread diameters and applied torques . 74
Table 16 – Cross-sections of copper conductors for screw-type or screwless terminals . 75
Table 17 – Conductor dimensions . 76
Table 18 – Pulling forces (screw terminals and bolted connections) . 76
Table 19 – Pulling forces (screwless terminals). 77
Table 20 – Air clearances for SPD main circuit(s) . 79
Table 21 – Air clearances for electrically separated circuits . 80
Table 22 – Creepage distances for SPDs . 81
Table 23 – Relationship between material groups and classifications . 82
Table 24 – Fall distances for impact requirements . 85
Table 25 – Test conductors for rated load current test . 92
Table 26 – Trip current factor k for overload behaviour . 93
Table 27 – Tolerances for proportional impulse currents . 96
Table C.1 – Temperature-rise limits . 102
Table F.1 – Reduced test procedure for the mode of protection provided by a series
connection of modes of protection according to F.1 . 108

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
LOW-VOLTAGE SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES –
Part 01: General requirements and test methods
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent
the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 61643-01 has been prepared by subcommittee SC37A Low-voltage surge protective
devices, of IEC technical committee 37: Surge arresters. It is an International Standard.
This document, together with IEC 61643-11:— (second edition), cancels and replaces the first
edition of IEC 61643-11 published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
___________
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: IEC/AFDIS 61643-11:2024.

– 8 – IEC 61643-01:2024  IEC 2024
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the first edition
of IEC 61643-11:
a) Clarification on test application either to a complete SPD, to a "mode of protection", or to a
complete "SPD assembly";
b) Additional measurement of voltage protection level on "combined modes of protection"
between live conductors and PE (see new Annex F);
c) Additional duty test for T1 SPD and T2 SPD with follow current to check for increased follow
current at lower impulse current amplitude (see 9.3.5.5);
d) Modified and amended short circuit current test requirements to better cover up-to-date
internal SPD disconnector technologies (see 9.3.6.3);
e) Improved dielectric test requirements for the SPD’s main circuits and added dielectric test
requirements for "electrically separated circuits" (see 9.3.7 and 9.3.8);
f) Additional clearance requirements for "electrically separated circuits" (see 9.4.4);
g) Additional information and details for SPDs for DC installations.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
37A/419/FDIS 37A/422/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61643 series, published under the general title Low-voltage surge
protective devices, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

INTRODUCTION
It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.
This document is a product family standard dealing with the safety and performance of Surge
Protective Devices (SPDs) and takes precedence over horizontal and generic standards
covering the same subject.
This part of IEC 61643 addresses the general safety and performance tests for SPDs.
This document recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such
as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of SPDs when operated as in normal use
taking into account the manufacturer's instructions. It also covers abnormal situations that can
be expected in practice.
This document takes into account the requirements of IEC 60364 as far as possible so that
there is compatibility with the wiring rules when the SPD is connected to the supply mains.
However, national wiring rules might differ.
If the intended applications of an SPD are covered by different parts of the IEC 61643-X1 series
of standards, all relevant parts are applied.
This document is only to be applied together with the latest edition of one or more of the
subsequent parts of the IEC 61643-X1 series of standards.
SPDs containing additional features or functions not addressed in this document and the
relevant subsequent part(s) can require additional consideration and tests to ensure the main
SPD function is not adversely affected and no hazards can arise from these additional features
or functions. If appropriate standards exist to cover such functions, they are to be applied.
There are three SPD Types for SPDs intended to be installed in power systems:
T1 SPDs are subjected to impulses simulating conducted partial lightning currents.
T2 SPDs and T3 SPDs are subjected to impulses of shorter duration.

– 10 – IEC 61643-01:2024  IEC 2024
LOW-VOLTAGE SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES –

Part 01: General requirements and test methods

1 Scope
This part of IEC 61643 contains the common requirements for all SPDs.
This document is applicable to devices for surge protection against indirect and direct effects
of lightning or other transient overvoltages, hereafter referred to as Surge Protective Devices
(SPDs).
SPDs are intended to be connected to circuits or equipment rated up to 1 000 V AC (RMS) or
1 500 V DC. Performance and safety requirements, tests and ratings are specified in this
document. SPDs contain at least one nonlinear component and are intended to limit surge
voltages and divert surge currents.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60060-1:2010, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
IEC 60068-2-11:2021, Environmental testing – Part 2-11: Tests – Test Ka: Salt mist
IEC 60068-2-14:2023, Environmental testing – Part 2-14: Tests – Test N: Change of
temperature
IEC 60068-2-30:2005, Environmental testing – Part 2-30: Tests – Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic
(12 h + 12 h cycle)
IEC 60068-2-78:2012, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60099-4:2014, Surge arresters – Part 4: Metal-oxide surge arresters without gaps for a.c.
systems
IEC 60112, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of
solid insulating materials
IEC 60269 (all parts), Low-voltage fuses
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60664-1:2020, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage supply systems –
Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests

IEC 60695-2-11:2021, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Glowing/hot-wire based test methods –
Glow-wire flammability test method for end products (GWEPT)
IEC 60695-10-2:2014, Fire hazard testing – Part 10-2: Abnormal heat – Ball pressure test
method
IEC 60898(all parts), Electrical accessories – Circuit-breakers for overcurrent protection for
household and similar installations
IEC 60947-2:2016, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 2: Circuit-breakers
IEC 60947-2:2016/AMD1:2019
IEC 61000 (all parts), Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
IEC 61180, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment – Definitions, test and
procedure requirements, test equipment
IEC 61210:2010, Connecting devices – Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper
conductors – Safety requirements
IEC TR 61643-03:2024, Low-voltage surge protective devices – Part 03: SPD testing guide
IEC 61643-11:— , Low-voltage surge protective devices – Part 11: Surge protective devices
connected to AC low-voltage power systems – Requir
...