IEC TS 63189-1:2023

IEC TS 63189-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2023-09
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
colour
inside
Virtual power plants –
Part 1: Architecture and functional requirements

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IEC TS 63189-1 ®
Edition 1.0 2023-09
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION
colour
inside
Virtual power plants –
Part 1: Architecture and functional requirements

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.240.01  ISBN 978-2-8322-7575-7

– 2 – IEC TS 63189-1:2023 © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 System components . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Power generation units . 9
4.3 Controllable loads . 9
4.4 Energy storage . 9
4.5 Microgrids . 10
4.6 VMS . 10
5 Control mode . 10
5.1 Centralized control mode . 10
5.1.1 General . 10
5.1.2 Dispatch and control architecture. 11
5.1.3 Communication system . 11
5.1.4 Application scenario . 12
5.2 Decentralized control mode . 12
5.2.1 General . 12
5.2.2 Decentralized control-centralized assessment . 13
5.2.3 Decentralized control-local assessment . 14
6 Functional requirements . 14
6.1 Status monitoring and communication . 14
6.1.1 Status monitoring and data collection . 14
6.1.2 Communication and interface specification . 15
6.1.3 Data analysis functional requirements . 15
6.2 Prediction . 16
6.2.1 Power generation forecast . 16
6.2.2 Controllable load forecast . 17
6.3 Aggregation and optimization . 17
6.3.1 Aggregation . 17
6.3.2 Optimization . 18
6.3.3 Generation and load schedule development . 18
6.4 Ancillary services . 20
6.5 Electricity market transaction function . 20
6.5.1 Participate in the electricity market or aggregate ancillary services . 20
6.5.2 Submit bids to the electricity trade centre . 21
Annex A (informative) Ancillary service specification requirements . 22
Bibliography . 24

Figure 1 – VPP composition diagram . 9
Figure 2 – Centralized control mode architecture . 11
Figure 3 – Decentralized control mode architecture . 12
Figure 4 – VPP participates in the day-ahead operation process of electricity market . 19

Table A.1 – General specification requirements of VPP participating ancillary services . 23

– 4 – IEC TS 63189-1:2023 © IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
VIRTUAL POWER PLANTS –
Part 1: Architecture and functional requirements

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC TS 63189-1 has been prepared by subcommittee SC 8B: Decentralized electrical energy
systems, of IEC technical committee TC 8: System aspects of electrical energy supply. It is a
Technical Specification.
The text of this Technical Specification is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
8B/124/DTS 8B/197/RVDTS
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this Technical Specification is English.

This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 63189 series, published under the general title Virtual power plants,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

– 6 – IEC TS 63189-1:2023 © IEC 2023
VIRTUAL POWER PLANTS –
Part 1: Architecture and functional requirements

1 Scope
This part of IEC 63189 covers the terms and definitions, system composition and control modes
of virtual power plant (VPP). It defines the functional requirements for VPPs, including power
generation forecasting, load forecasting, generation and consumption scheduling, control and
management of energy storage devices and loads, coordinated optimization of distributed
energy resources, status monitoring and communication, data collection and analysis, and
market transactions.
Since a virtual power plant is a cluster of dispersed energy converting installations, which are
aggregated, it uses additional systems to achieve its objectives (e.g. regional energy
meteorology forecasting, site specific energy management systems, SCADA and other
communication systems).
Local regulations, the electricity market model and the corresponding manner of organising the
market related to the utilisation of controllable DER affect the management, control and
operation of VPPs.
2 Normative referen
...