IEC 60068-2-74:1999
(Main)Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Xc: Fluid contamination
Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Xc: Fluid contamination
IEC 60068-2-74:1999 Gives a method of test which provides a standard procedure to determine the ability of components, equipments or their constituent materials to withstand accidental contact with fluids, without being unacceptably affected. The fluids listed are representative of those commonly encountered in operational applications. It is not intended that a specimen should be exposed to all, or even any of them. Nor is the list intended to be complete; fluids not listed and for which a test is appropriate should be included in the relevant specification. Guidance is given in Annex A on the choice of test fluids, specimens and severities. These tests are not intended to demonstrate the suitability of components or equipments to perform in continuous contact with a fluid, e.g. an immersed fuel pump. Nor are they a test to demonstrate immunity from electrolytic corrosion.
Essais d'environnement - Partie 2: Essais - Essai Xc: Contamination par des fluides
IEC 60068-2-74:1999 Donne une méthode d'essai qui fournit une procédure normalisée pour déterminer l'aptitude des composants, des équipements et des matériaux qui les composent à résister à un contact accidentel avec des fluides sans être affectés de manière inacceptable. Les fluides mentionnés sont représentatifs de ceux que l'on trouve couramment dans les applications opérationnelles. Il n'est pas prévu qu'un spécimen soit forcément exposé à tous ces fluides ou même à l'un d'entre eux. De même, la liste des fluides ne se veut pas exhaustive, il est recommandé d'inclure dans la spécification particulière les fluides qui n'y figurent pas et pour lesquels un essai est approprié. Un guide est fourni à l'annexe A pour le choix des fluides d'essai, des spécimens et des sévérités. Ces essais ne sont pas destinés à démontrer que des composants ou équipements sont adaptés à un fonctionnement en contact continu avec un fluide, par exemple des pompes de carburant immergées. Ces essais ne sont pas non plus destinés à démontrer l'immunité à la corrosion électrolytique.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60068-2-74
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1999-06
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
Essais d’environnement –
Partie 2-74:
Essais – Essai Xc: Contamination par des fluides
Environmental testing –
Part 2-74:
Tests – Test Xc: Fluid contamination
Numéro de référence
Reference number
CEI/IEC 60068-2-74:1999
Copyright © 1993 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.
Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette
publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: inmail@iec.ch
Web: www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
ƒ Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub
The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…).
It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications.
ƒ IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available
on-line and also by email.
ƒ Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service
Centre FAQ or contact us:
Email: csc@iec.ch
Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
A propos de la CEI
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.
A propos des publications CEI
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez
l’édition la plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.
ƒ Catalogue des publications de la CEI: www.iec.ch/searchpub/cur_fut-f.htm
Le Catalogue en-ligne de la CEI vous permet d’effectuer des recherches en utilisant différents critères (numéro de
référence, texte, comité d’études,…). Il donne aussi des informations sur les projets et les publications retirées ou
remplacées.
ƒ Just Published CEI: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications de la CEI. Just Published détaille deux fois par mois les nouvelles
publications parues. Disponible en-ligne et aussi par email.
ƒ Service Clients: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv/custserv_entry-f.htm
Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du
Service clients ou contactez-nous:
Email: csc@iec.ch
Tél.: +41 22 919 02 11
Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60068-2-74
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1999-06
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Essais d’environnement –
Partie 2-74:
Essais – Essai Xc: Contamination par des fluides
Environmental testing –
Part 2-74:
Tests – Test Xc: Fluid contamination
CODE PRIX
M
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
PRICE CODE
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
For price, see current catalogue
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
– 2 – 60068-2-74 © CEI:1999
SOMMAIRE
Pages
AVANT-PROPOS . 4
Articles
1 Domaine d'application.6
2 Références normatives.6
3 Fluide d'essai.6
3.1 Spécification du fluide d’essai . 6
3.2 Précaution.6
4 Spécimen.10
5 Nettoyage.10
5.1 Nettoyage initial.10
5.2 Nettoyage intermédiaire.10
5.3 Nettoyage final.10
6 Examen initial.10
7 Essais.10
8 Contamination occasionnelle (classe A). 12
9 Contamination intermittente (classe B) . 12
10 Contamination prolongée (classe C) . 14
11 Examen final.14
12 Renseignements que doit donner la spécification particulière. 14
Annexe A (informative) Guide pour le choix des fluides d'essai et des spécimens . 16
60068-2-74 © IEC:1999 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 5
Clause
1 Scope.7
2 Normative references.7
3 Test fluid.7
3.1 Specification of test fluid . 7
3.2 Precaution.7
4 Specimen.11
5 Cleaning.11
5.1 Initial cleaning.11
5.2 Intermediate cleaning.11
5.3 Final cleaning.11
6 Initial examination.11
7 Testing.11
8 Occasional contamination (class A) . 13
9 Intermittent contamination (class B). 13
10 Extended contamination (class C) . 15
11 Final examination.15
12 Information to be given in the relevant specification . 15
Annex A (informative) Guidance on the choice of test fluids and specimens . 17
– 4 – 60068-2-74 © CEI:1999
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
ESSAIS D’ENVIRONNEMENT –
Partie 2: Essais –
Essai Xc: Contamination par des fluides
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La CEI (Commission Electrotechnique Internationale) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée
de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a pour objet de
favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de
l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, la CEI, entre autres activités, publie des Normes internationales.
Leur élaboration est confiée à des comités d'études, aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le
sujet traité peut participer. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en
liaison avec la CEI, participent également aux travaux. La CEI collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation
Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques représentent, dans la mesure
du possible un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux intéressés
sont représentés dans chaque comité d’études.
3) Les documents produits se présentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales. Ils sont publiés
comme normes, rapports techniques ou guides et agréés comme tels par les Comités nationaux.
4) Dans le but d'encourager l'unification internationale, les Comités nationaux de la CEI s'engagent à appliquer de
façon transparente, dans toute la mesure possible, les Normes internationales de la CEI dans leurs normes
nationales et régionales. Toute divergence entre la norme de la CEI et la norme nationale ou régionale
correspondante doit être indiquée en termes clairs dans cette dernière.
5) La CEI n’a fixé aucune procédure concernant le marquage comme indication d’approbation et sa responsabilité
n’est pas engagée quand un matériel est déclaré conforme à l’une de ses normes.
6) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Norme internationale peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
La Norme internationale CEI 60068-2-74 a été établie par le comité d'études 104 de la CEI:
*
Conditions, classification et essais d'environnement .
Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
104/124/FDIS 104/129/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette norme.
Cette publication a été rédigée selon les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 3.
Elle a le statut d’une publication fondamentale de sécurité conformément au Guide CEI 104.
L'annexe A est donnée uniquement à titre d'information.
———————
*
Le comité d'études 50 de la CEI: Essais d'environnement, a été transformé en comité d'études 104.
60068-2-74 © IEC:1999 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING –
Part 2: Tests –
Test Xc: Fluid contamination
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60068-2-74 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 104:
*
Environmental conditions, classification and methods of test .
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
104/124/FDIS 104/129/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
Annex A is for information only.
___________
*
IEC technical committee 50: Environmental testing, has been transformed into IEC technical committee 104.
– 6 – 60068-2-74 © CEI:1999
ESSAIS D’ENVIRONNEMENT –
Partie 2: Essais –
Essai Xc: Contamination par des fluides
1 Domaine d'application
La présente partie de CEI 60068 donne une méthode d'essai qui fournit une procédure
normalisée pour déterminer l'aptitude des composants, des équipements et des matériaux qui
les composent, désignés ci-après spécimens, à résister à un contact accidentel avec des
fluides sans être affectés de manière inacceptable.
Les fluides mentionnés dans la présente partie de CEI 60068 sont représentatifs de ceux que
l'on trouve couramment dans les applications opérationnelles. Il n'est pas prévu qu'un
spécimen soit forcément exposé à tous ces fluides ou même à l'un d'entre eux. De même, la
liste des fluides ne se veut pas exhaustive; il est recommandé d'inclure dans la spécification
particulière les fluides qui n'y figurent pas et pour lesquels un essai est approprié. Un guide est
fourni à l'annexe A pour le choix des fluides d'essai, des spécimens et des sévérités.
Ces essais ne sont pas destinés à démontrer que des composants ou équipements sont
adaptés à un fonctionnement en contact continu avec un fluide, par exemple des pompes de
carburant immergées. Ces essais ne sont pas non plus destinés à démontrer l'immunité à la
corrosion électrolytique.
2 Références normatives
Les documents normatifs suivants contiennent des dispositions qui, par suite de la référence
qui y est faite, constituent des dispositions valables pour la présente partie de la CEI 60068.
Pour les références datées, les amendements ultérieurs ou les révisions de ces publications ne
s’appliquent pas. Toutefois, les parties prenantes aux accords fondés sur la présente partie de
la CEI 60068 sont invitées à rechercher la possibilité d'appliquer les éditions les plus récentes
des documents normatifs indiqués ci-après. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition
du document normatif en référence s’applique. Les membres de la CEI et de l'ISO possèdent
le registre des Normes internationales en vigueur.
ISO 1817:1985, Caoutchouc vulcanisé – Détermination de l'action des liquides
3 Fluide d'essai
3.1 Spécification du fluide d’essai
La spécification particulière (voir article 12) doit spécifier les fluides d'essai nécessaires qui,
dans la mesure du possible, doivent être choisis dans la liste fournie dans le tableau 1. Chaque
fluide a été spécifié comme étant représentatif d'un groupe de fluides. (Voir article A.2.)
La spécification particulière doit également spécifier tout fluide complémentaire non mentionné
dans le tableau 1 pour lequel un essai est nécessaire.
3.2 Précaution
Etant donné que beaucoup de fluides peuvent avoir un point d'éclair dans la plage de
température d'essai, il est recommandé de veiller à ce que les mesures de sécurité adéquates
soient prises pour limiter le risque d'incendie ou d'explosion.
60068-2-74 © IEC:1999 – 7 –
ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING –
Part 2: Tests –
Test Xc: Fluid contamination
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60068 gives a method of test which provides a standard procedure to
determine the ability of components, equipments or their constituent materials, hereinafter
referred to as specimen, to withstand accidental contact with fluids, without being unacceptably
affected.
The fluids listed in this part of IEC 60068 are representative of those commonly encountered in
operational applications. It is not intended that a specimen should be exposed to all, or even
any of them. Nor is the list intended to be complete; fluids not listed and for which a test is
appropriate should be included in the relevant specification. Guidance is given in annex A on
the choice of test fluids, specimens and severities.
These tests are not intended to demonstrate the suitability of components or equipments to
perform in continuous contact with a fluid, e.g. an immersed fuel pump. Nor are they a test to
demonstrate immunity from electrolytic corrosion.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this part of IEC 60068. For dated references, subsequent amendments
to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements
based on this part of IEC 60068 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the
latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1817:1985, Rubber, vulcanized – Determination of the effect of liquids
3 Test fluid
3.1 Specification of test fluid
The relevant specification (see clause 12) shall specify the required test fluids which shall
wherever possible be selected from the list given in table 1. Each fluid has been specified as
being representative of a group of fluids. (See clause A.2.)
The relevant specification shall also specify any additional fluids not listed in table 1 for which a
test is required.
3.2 Precaution
Since many fluids may have flash points within the test temperature range, care should be
taken to ensure that adequate safety measures are taken to limit the possibility of fire or
explosion.
– 8 – 60068-2-74 © CEI:1999
Certains fluides peuvent être toxiques, seuls ou en combinaison avec d'autres fluides ou avec
le spécimen. Il convient d'accorder une attention particulière à cette possibilité avant de
commencer les essais. Il est vivement conseillé de consulter un expert dans le domaine de la
santé et de la sécurité
Tableau 1 – Groupes des principaux fluides contaminants et fluides d’essai
1)
Groupe de fluide contaminant Référence Fluide d’essai Température
)
du fluide
d’essai
d’essai
±2 °C
3 )
Carburants Kérosène (a) Liquide d’essai F selon ISO 1817 70
(turbine)
3 )
Essence (b) Liquide d’essai B selon ISO 1817 40
(moteur à piston)
4)
Fluides A base d’huile (c) 70
OTAN H-520; (OM18)
hydrauliques minérale
A base d’ester de (d) Liquide d’essai 103 selon ISO 1817 70
phosphate
A base de silicone (e) Silicone de diméthyle, 10 mm /s (cSt) à 25 °C 70
(ZX42 ; NATO S1714)
Huiles Huile minérale (f) OTAN 0-1176 (OMD80) 70
lubrifiantes
A base d’ester (g) Liquide d’essai 101 selon ISO 1817 150
(synthétique)
3)
Solvants et fluides de nettoyage (h) Isopropanol (alcool isopropylique) 50
(i) Alcool dénaturé 23
(j) Détergent 23
Fluides de dégivrage et antigels (k) Ethanol inhibé (éthylène glycol) avec une fraction 23
volumique de 80 % dans l’eau
(l) Ethanol inhibé (éthylène glycol) avec une fraction 23
volumique de 50 % dans l’eau
Dégivreurs de pistes (m) 25 % urée/25 % éthanediol (éthylène glycol) 23
4)
dans l’eau
4)
(n) 50 % acétate de potassium inhibé dans l’eau 23
Insecticides (o) A base de pyréthrum dichloros, solution à 2 % 23
dans le kérosène
(p) Solution à 2 % de D-phénothrin dans le kérosène 23
Fluide diélectrique de (q) Coolanol 25R 70
refroidissement (voir A.2.9)
Fluides de lutte contre les (r) Mousse fluorochimique (intervention rapide) 23
incendies
(s) Mousse fluoroprotéinée 23
1) Dans la mesure du possible, le fluide indiqué est spécifié dans une norme internationale ou est décrit par
les éléments chimiques qui le composent. Dans certains cas, une identification OTAN a été utilisée de
préférence à une identification commerciale. La référence à des documents commerciaux appropriés peut
mettre une référence OTAN en correspondance avec des fluides disponibles sur le marché.
2) Se reporter aux articles 8, 9, 10 et A.7.
3) Cette température dépasse la température critique de point d’éclair. Il convient de prendre l’avis d’un expert
pour la réalisation de cet essai.
4) OTAN H-515 peut être utilisé comme alternative si on le désire.
60068-2-74 © IEC:1999 – 9 –
Some fluids may themselves, or in combination with other fluids or the specimen, be toxic. Due
consideration should be given to this possibility before commencing the tests. Consultation of a
health and safety expert is strongly advised.
Table 1 – Major contaminant fluid groups and test fluids
1)
Contaminant fluid group Test fluid Test fluid Test
2)
reference temperature
±2 °C
3)
Fuels Kerosene (turbine) (a) ISO 1817 test liquid F 70
3)
Gasoline (piston engine) (b) ISO 1817 test liquid B 40
4)
Hydraulic Mineral oil based (c) NATO H-520; (OM18) 70
fluids
Phosphate ester based (d) ISO 1817 test liquid 103 70
(synthetic)
Silicone based (e) Dimethyl silicone, 10 mm /s (cSt) at 25 °C 70
(ZX42; NATO S1714)
Lubricating Mineral based (f) NATO 0-1176 (OMD 80) 70
oils
Ester based (synthetic) (g) ISO 1817 test liquid 101 150
3)
Solvents and cleaning fluids (h) Propan-2-ol (isopropyl alcohol) 50
(i) De-natured alcohol 23
(j) Detergent 23
De-icing and anti-freeze fluids (k) Inhibited ethanediol (ethylene glycol) with a 23
volume fraction of 80 % in water
(l) Inhibited ethanediol (ethylene glycol) with a 23
volume fraction of 50 % in water
Runway de-icers (m) 25 % urea/25 % ethanediol (ethylene glycol) in 23
4)
water
4)
(n) 50 % inhibited potassium acetate in water 23
Insecticides (o) Dichlorvos (DDVP) pyrethrum based, 23
2 % solution in kerosene
(p) D-phenothrin 2 % solution in kerosene 23
Coolant dielectric fluid (see A.2.9) (q) Coolanol 25R 70
Fire extinguishants (r) Fluorochemical foam (rapid intervention) 23
(s) Fluoroprotein foam 23
1) Wherever possible the fluid given is specified in an International Standard or is described by its constituent
chemicals. In some cases a NATO identification has been used in preference to a commercial identification.
Reference to relevant commercial literature can correlate the NATO number with commercially available
fluid(s).
2) See clauses 8, 9, 10 and A.7.
3) This temperature exceeds the critical flash point temperature. Expert advice should be taken on the conduct of
the test.
4) NATO H-515 may be used as an alternative if desired.
– 10 – 60068-2-74 © CEI:1999
4 Spécimen
4.1 Le spécimen doit être :
a) soit un équipement;
b) soit un composant.
NOTE 1 – Lorsque la taille ou la disponibilité d'un équipement ne permet pas un essai complet, il est autorisé
d'utiliser comme spécimen une sélection spécifique de matériaux, finitions et composants de l'équipement
spécialement choisis.
NOTE 2 – Il est recommandé que, dans la mesure du possible, les spécimens de matériaux ou finitions aient une
surface minimale de 20 cm .
4.2 La spécification particulière doit spécifier le nombre et le type des spécimens à soumettre
aux essais. (Voir article A.4.)
5 Nettoyage
5.1 Nettoyage initial
Sauf indication contraire dans la spécification particulière, le spécimen doit être
minutieusement nettoyé pour éliminer les revêtements non représentatifs tels que les agents
préservatifs, les graisses ou agents contaminants. (Voir article A.5.)
5.2 Nettoyage intermédiaire
Si des essais séquentiels sont nécessaires, la spécification particulière doit spécifier toute
méthode de nettoyage nécessaire.
NOTE – Il est essentiel de choisir les méthodes et fluides de nettoyage de manière à ce qu'ils n'affectent pas le
spécimen.
5.3 Nettoyage final
La spécification particulière doit spécifier toute méthode de nettoyage nécessaire avant
l'examen final. (Voir article A.5.)
6 Examen initial
6.1 Le spécimen doit être examiné visuellement à la suite du nettoyage initial, le cas échéant,
on doit enregistrer sa condition.
6.2 La spécification particulière doit spécifier toute mesure ou tout essai nécessaires. (Voir
article A.6.)
7 Essais
7.1 Trois méthodes d'essai sont indiquées aux articles 8 à 10. La spécification particulière
doit spécifier l'essai ou les essais à utiliser et l'ordre d'application des fluides d'essai si un
essai séquentiel est nécessaire. (Voir article A.7.)
NOTE – Si un essai séquentiel est spécifié, il convient de prendre soin d'éviter tout effet synergique.
7.2 La spécification particulière doit spécifier si le spécimen doit être connecté électriquement
ou mécaniquement et, si nécessaire, s'il doit fonctionner avant, pendant ou après la procédure;
les paramètres de fonctionnement doivent également être définis. Si un essai de
fonctionnement initial est spécifié, il doit être effectué après l’examen initial.
60068-2-74 © IEC:1999 – 11 –
4 Specimen
4.1 The specimen shall be either:
a) an equipment; or
b) a component
NOTE 1 – Where size or availability of an equipment does not permit a full test, a specially selected representation
of materials, finishes and components used in an equipment may be used as a specimen.
NOTE 2 – Specimens for materials or finishes should have a minimum surface area where possible of 20 cm .
4.2 The relevant specification shall specify the number and type of specimens to be tested.
(See clause A.4.)
5 Cleaning
5.1 Initial cleaning
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant specification the specimen shall be thoroughly
cleaned to remove unrepresentative coatings, for example preservatives, grease or
contaminants. (See clause A.5.)
5.2 Intermediate cleaning
If sequential testing is required, the relevant specification shall specify any necessary cleaning
method.
NOTE – It is essential that cleaning methods and cleaning fluids are chosen such that they do not affect the
specimen.
5.3 Final cleaning
The relevant specification shall specify any necessary cleaning method prior to final
examination. (See clause A.5.)
6 Initial examination
6.1 The specimen shall be visually examined following initial cleaning, if required, and its
condition recorded.
6.2 The relevant specification shall specify any measurements or tests required. (See clause
A.6.)
7 Testing
7.1 Three test procedures are given in clauses 8 to 10. The relevant specification shall
specify the test or tests to be used and the order of application of the test fluids if sequential
testing is required. (See clause A.7.)
NOTE – If sequential testing is specified care should be taken that there are no synergistic effects.
7.2 The relevant specification shall specify whether the specimen is to be connected
electrically or mechanically and, if it is required to operate before, during or after the
procedure, the operating parameters shall also be defined. If an initial operating test is
specified, it shall be carried out following the initial examination.
– 12 – 60068-2-74 © CEI:1999
8 Contamination occasionnelle (classe A)
8.1 Monter le spécimen selon sa configuration normale de fonctionnement et le maintenir à la
température de la pièce ou à celle spécifiée par la spécification particulière.
8.2 Tremper le spécimen concerné dans le fluide spécifié ou le badigeonner ou le vaporiser
avec ce fluide qui doit être maintenu à la température d'essai indiquée dans le tableau 1 ou à
celle indiquée dans la spécification particulière. S'assurer que le spécimen est bien mouillé sur
toute sa surface. Laisser l'échantillon s’égoutter naturellement pendant 5 min à 10 min; il n'est
pas permis de secouer ou d'essuyer.
8.3 Placer le spécimen dans une chambre d'essai appropriée dans sa configuration de
fonctionnement normal si cela est important, et maintenir à la température d'essai pendant la
durée spécifiée dans la spécification particulière. En l'absence de spécification, les paramètres
doivent être
70 °C ± 2 °C pendant 93 h ± 3 h.
8.4 A la fin de cette période, laisser refroidir le spécimen à la température de la pièce avant
de le soumettre à l'examen final.
8.5 Répéter cette procédure selon la spécification particulière si celle-ci l'exige.
9 Contamination intermittente (classe B)
9.1 Monter le spécimen selon sa configuration normale de fonctionnement et le maintenir à la
température de la pièce ou à celle spécifiée par la spécification particulière.
9.2 Tremper le spécimen concerné dans le fluide spécifié ou le badigeonner ou le vaporiser
avec ce fluide qui doit être maintenu à la température d'essai indiquée dans le tableau 1 ou à
celle indiquée dans la spécification particulière. S'assurer que le spécimen est bien mouillé sur
toute sa surface. Répéter cette procédure une ou plusieurs fois si nécessaire de manière à
maintenir toutes les surfaces du spécimen mouillées pendant la durée prescrite dans la
spécification particulière.
Si la durée n'est pas spécifiée, elle doit être de trois cycles de 24 h ± 1 h chacun. Chaque cycle
doit se décomposer en 8 h ± 0,5 h à l'état complètement mouillé puis d'une période
d'égouttage de 16 h ± 0,5 h à température ambiante pendant laquelle aucun mouillage
complémentaire ne doit intervenir.
9.3 Transférer le spécimen dans une chambre d'essai appropriée et maintenir la température
d'essai pendant la durée spécifiée dans la spécification particulière. En l'absence de
spécification, les paramètres doivent être
70 °C ± 2 °C pendant 93 h ± 3 h.
9.4 A la fin de cette période, laisser refroidir le spécimen à la température de la pièce avant
de le soumettre à l'examen final.
60068-2-74 © IEC:1999 – 13 –
8 Occasional contamination (class A)
8.1 Mount the specimen in its normal operating configuration and maintain at room
temperature, or as specified in the relevant specification.
8.2 Dip, brush or spray the relevant specimen with the specified fluid which shall be
maintained at the test temperature given in table 1, or as specified in the relevant specification.
Ensure that the entire surface of the specimen is thoroughly wetted. Allow the sample to drain
naturally for 5 min to 10 min, shaking or wiping is not permitted.
8.3 Transfer the specimen into a suitable test chamber, mounted in its normal operating
configuration if important, and maintain at the test temperature for the time specified in the
relevant specification. If not specified, the parameters shall be
70 °C ± 2 °C for 93 h ± 3 h.
8.4 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being
subjected to final examination.
8.5 Repeat this procedure, if and as required by the relevant specification.
9 Intermittent contamination (class B)
9.1 Mount the specimen in its normal operating configuration and maintain it at room
temperature, or as specified in the relevant specification.
9.2 Dip, spray or brush the relevant specimen with the specified fluid which shall be
maintained at the test temperature given in table 1, or as specified in the relevant specification.
Ensure that the entire surface of the specimen is wetted. Repeat this procedure one or more
times as necessary to maintain all the specimen surfaces in a wetted condition for the period
prescribed in the relevant specification.
If the period is not specified it shall be three cycles each of 24 h ± 1 h. Each cycle shall consist
of 8 h ± 0,5 h in the fully wetted condition followed by a drain period of 16 h ± 0,5 h at ambient
temperature during which no additional wetting shall occur.
9.3 Transfer the specimen into a suitable test chamber and maintain it at the test temperature
and for the time specified in the relevant specification. If not specified, the parameters shall be
70 °C ± 2 °C for 93 h ± 3 h.
9.4 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being
subjected to final examination.
– 14 – 60068-2-74 © CEI:1999
10 Contamination prolongée (classe C)
NOTE – Cette procédure n'est pas destinée à démontrer le fonctionnement d'un équipement qui est normalement
immergé dans un fluide.
10.1 Immerger complètement le spécimen dans le fluide d'essai spécifié qui doit être
maintenu à la température indiquée dans la spécification particulière et pour la durée indiquée.
Si la température et/ou la durée ne sont pas spécifiées, la température doit être celle donnée
dans le tableau 1 et la durée doit être égale à 24 h ± 1 h.
10.2 Placer le spécimen dans une chambre d'essai appropriée et maintenir la température
d'essai pendant la durée spécifiée dans la spécification particulière. En l'absence de
spécification, les paramètres doivent être 70 °C ± 2 °C pendant 93 h ± 3 h. On doit laisser le
fluide s'écouler du spécimen pendant cette période et on doit accorder une attention
particulière aux précautions de sécurité possibles.
10.3 A la fin de cette période, laisser refroidir le spécimen à la température de la pièce avant
de le soumettre à l'examen final.
11 Examen final
11.1 Le spécimen doit être nettoyé conformément à 5.3.
11.2 Examiner visuellement le spécimen et enregistrer toute variation de son état par rapport
à l'examen initial.
La spécification particulière doit spécifier toute mesure ou tout essai nécessaires. (Voir
11.3
article A.6.)
12 Renseignements que doit donner la spécification particulière
Lorsque cet essai est inclus dans la spécification particulière, les renseignements suivants
doivent être donnés dans la mesure où ils sont applicables:
Articles/
paragraphes
a) fluides d'essai à utiliser . 3
b) informations concernant le spécimen. 4
c) procédure de nettoyage si nécessaire. 5
d) examen initial. 6
e) procédure(s) d'essai à utiliser. 7.1
f) ordre d'application des fluides pour un essai séquentiel, si applicable. 7.1
g) connexions et fonctionnement pendant la (les) procédure(s) d'essai si nécessaire . 7.2
h) configuration du spécimen et température initiale si elles sont différentes de celles
de la configuration normale de fonctionnement à la température de la pièce .8.1, 9.1
i) température du fluide d’essai si elle est différente de celle du tableau 1.8, 9, 10
j) durée de l’application du fluide/de l’immersion dans le fluide et température
de stockage pendant l’application du fluide.8, 9, 10
k) température de stockage de la chambre et/ou durée après l'application du fluide .8, 9, 10
l) examen final . 11
60068-2-74 © IEC:1999 – 15 –
10 Extended contamination (class C)
NOTE – This procedure is not intended to demonstrate the operation of an equipment which is normally immersed
in a fluid.
10.1 Immerse the specimen fully in the specified test fluid which shall be maintained at the
temperature and for the time stated in the relevant specification. If the temperature and/or
duration are not specified, the temperature shall be as given in table 1, and the duration shall
be 24 h ± 1 h.
10.2 Transfer the specimen into a suitable test chamber and maintain it at the test
temperature and for the time specified in the relevant specification. If not specified, the
parameters shall be 70 °C ± 2 °C for 93 h ± 3 h. The fluid shall be allowed to drain off the
specimen during this period and consideration shall be given to possible safety precautions.
10.3 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being
subjected to final examination.
11 Final examination
The specimen shall be cleaned in accordance with 5.3.
11.1
11.2 Examine the specimen visually and record any change of condition from the initial
examination.
11.3 The relevant specification shall specify any measurements or tests required.
(See clause A.6.)
12 Information to be given in the relevant specification
When this test is included in the relevant specification the following details shall be given in so
far as they are applicable:
Clause/Subclause
a) test fluids to be used . 3
b) details of specimen .4
c) cleaning procedure if required . 5
d) initial examination . 6
e) test procedure(s) to be used. 7.1
f) order of application of fluids for sequential test if applicable. 7.1
g) connections and operations during the test procedure(s) if required. 7.2
h) specimen configuration and initial temperature if other than normal operating
configuration at room temperature.8.1, 9.1
i) test fluid temperature if other than in table 1.8, 9, 10
j) duration of fluid application/immersion and storage temperature during
fluid application.8, 9, 10
k) chamber storage temperature and/or time after fluid application .8, 9, 10
l) final examination .11
– 16 – 60068-2-74 © CEI:1999
Annexe A
(informative)
Guide pour le choix des fluides d'essai et des spécimens
A.1 Généralités
Les procédures d'essai mentionnées dans la présente partie de la CEI 60068 sont destinées à
déterminer les effets de la contamination des équipements par des fluides. Il peut s'avérer
approprié d'effectuer un essai ou une série d'essais sur l'équipement lui-même, sur les sous-
systèmes, les composants ou les matériaux selon la probabilité de contamination et les effets
pouvant en résulter. Dans la mesure du possible, il est recommandé de choisir les fluides, les
procédures d'application et les conditions d'essai pour représenter le pire des cas types
pouvant se présenter dans la réalité.
A.2 Fluides contaminants et leurs effets
A.2.1 Généralités
A.2.1.1 Les composants et équipements peuvent être soumis à une contamination par des
fluides soit en fonctionnement normal, soit à la suite d'un renversement accidentel ou d'une
fuite provenant de tuyaux ou de joints défectueux.
A.2.1.2 Le fluide contaminant peut ne pas être à une température élevée mais un composant
ou un équipement peut être contaminé alors qu'il est lui-même à une température de
fonctionnement élevée ou s'il peut atteindre une telle température après avoir été contaminé.
Les effets peuvent ainsi dépendre du comportement du contaminant à haute température, par
exemple s'il est volatile, il peut disparaître rapidement. S'il n'est pas volatile et s'il s'oxyde
lentement, un résidu solide peut rester.
A.2.1.3 Les effets possibles comprennent les défauts d’emballage, le fendillement ou le
gonflement des plastiques et des caoutchoucs, la dissolution des antioxydants et des autres
matériaux solubles, les défauts d'étanchéité, les défauts d’adhérence, I'élimination des
peintures et légendes et la corrosion.
A.2.1.4 Certaines normes qui ne sont pas mentionnées avec valeur normative dans la
présente partie de la CEI 60068 peuvent cependant être utilisées avec valeur informative par
les rédacteurs de spécifications. (Voir article A.10.)
A.2.2 Carburants
Dans la plupart des cas, il s'agira de carburants de type essence ou kérosène. On peut
s’attendre à ce que l’essence s’évapore rapidement avec éventuellement quelques effets
nocifs permanents; le kérosène, plus persistant, endommagera beaucoup d’élastomères, en
particulier à haute température. Les peintures et la plupart des matières plastiques ne sont
normalement pas affectées par les carburants, mais les plaques soudées avec de la résine
silicone peuvent avoir tendance à se déliter après une exposition prolongée.
Certains carburants peuvent contenir des additifs pour empêcher le gel ou pour dissiper les
charges statiques. Lorsqu’on est en droit de pen
...
IEC 60068-2-74 ®
Edition 1.1 2018-04
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Environmental testing –
Part 2-74: Tests – Test Xc: Fluid contamination
Essais d’environnement –
Partie 2-74: Essais – Essai Xc: Contamination par des fluides
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing 21 000 terms and definitions in
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other English and French, with equivalent terms in 16 additional
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
iPad. Vocabulary (IEV) online.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a 67 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been
and withdrawn publications. collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and
CISPR.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
details all new publications released. Available online and If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
also once a month by email. need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
A propos de l'IEC
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (IEC) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.
A propos des publications IEC
Le contenu technique des publications IEC est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez l’édition la
plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.
Catalogue IEC - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
Application autonome pour consulter tous les renseignements
Le premier dictionnaire en ligne de termes électroniques et
bibliographiques sur les Normes internationales,
électriques. Il contient 21 000 termes et définitions en anglais
Spécifications techniques, Rapports techniques et autres
et en français, ainsi que les termes équivalents dans 16
documents de l'IEC. Disponible pour PC, Mac OS, tablettes
langues additionnelles. Egalement appelé Vocabulaire
Android et iPad.
Electrotechnique International (IEV) en ligne.
Recherche de publications IEC -
Glossaire IEC - std.iec.ch/glossary
webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform
67 000 entrées terminologiques électrotechniques, en anglais
La recherche avancée permet de trouver des publications IEC et en français, extraites des articles Termes et Définitions des
en utilisant différents critères (numéro de référence, texte, publications IEC parues depuis 2002. Plus certaines entrées
comité d’études,…). Elle donne aussi des informations sur les antérieures extraites des publications des CE 37, 77, 86 et
projets et les publications remplacées ou retirées. CISPR de l'IEC.
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications IEC. Just Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette
Published détaille les nouvelles publications parues. publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous:
Disponible en ligne et aussi une fois par mois par email. sales@iec.ch.
IEC 60068-2-74 ®
Edition 1.1 2018-04
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Environmental testing –
Part 2-74: Tests – Test Xc: Fluid contamination
Essais d’environnement –
Partie 2-74: Essais – Essai Xc: Contamination par des fluides
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 19.040 ISBN 978-2-8322-5658-9
IEC 60068-2-74 ®
Edition 1.1 2018-04
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Environmental testing –
Part 2-74: Tests – Test Xc: Fluid contamination
Essais d’environnement –
Partie 2-74: Essais – Essai Xc: Contamination par des fluides
– 2 – IEC 60068-2-74:1999+AMD1:2018 CSV
© IEC 2018
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Test fluid . 6
3.1 Specification of test fluid . 6
3.2 Precaution . 6
4 Specimen . 9
5 Cleaning . 9
5.1 Initial cleaning . 9
5.2 Intermediate cleaning . 9
5.3 Final cleaning . 9
6 Initial examination . 9
7 Testing . 9
8 Occasional contamination (class A) . 10
9 Intermittent contamination (class B) . 10
10 Extended contamination (class C) . 10
11 Final examination . 11
12 Information to be given in the relevant specification . 11
Annex A (informative) Guidance on the choice of test fluids and specimens . 12
A.1 General . 12
A.2 Contaminating fluids and their effects . 12
A.2.2 Fuels . 12
A.2.3 Hydraulic fluids . 13
A.2.4 Lubricating oils . 13
A.2.5 Solvents and cleaning fluids . 13
A.2.6 De-icing and anti-freeze fluids . 14
A.2.7 Runway de-icers .
A.2.87 Insecticides . 14
A.2.98 Coolant dielectric fluids . 15
A.2.109 Fire extinguishants . 15
A.3 Selection of test fluids. 15
A.3.1 Standard test fluids . 15
A.3.2 Non-standard test fluids . 15
A.3.3 Fluid changes . 16
A.4 Specimen . 16
A.5 Order of test and cleaning . 16
A.6 Examination . 16
A.7 Test severities . 17
A.8 Method of application . 17
A.9 Performance evaluation . 17
Bibliography . 18
Table 1 – Major contaminant fluid groups and test fluids . 7
Table 2 – Standard simulated fuels. 8
© IEC 2018
Table 3 – Simulated service liquids . 8
– 4 – IEC 60068-2-74:1999+AMD1:2018 CSV
© IEC 2018
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING –
Part 2: Tests –
Test Xc: Fluid contamination
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has been prepared
for user convenience.
IEC 60068-2-74 edition 1.1 contains the first edition (1999-06) [documents 104/124/FDIS and
104/129/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2018-04) [documents 104/739/CDV and 104/791/RVC].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content is
modified by amendment 1. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text.
A separate Final version with all changes accepted is available in this publication.
© IEC 2018
International Standard IEC 60068-2-74 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 104:
*
Environmental conditions, classification and methods of test .
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
Annex A is for information only.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendment will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
___________
*
IEC technical committee 50: Environmental testing, has been transformed into IEC technical committee 104.
– 6 – IEC 60068-2-74:1999+AMD1:2018 CSV
© IEC 2018
ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING –
Part 2: Tests –
Test Xc: Fluid contamination
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60068 gives a method of test which provides a standard procedure to
determine the ability of components, equipments or their constituent materials, hereinafter
referred to as specimen, to withstand accidental contact with fluids, without being unacceptably
affected.
The fluids listed in this part of IEC 60068 are representative of those commonly encountered in
operational applications. It is not intended that a specimen should be exposed to all, or even
any of them. Nor is the list intended to be complete; fluids not listed and for which a test is
appropriate should be included in the relevant specification. Guidance is given in annex A on
the choice of test fluids, specimens and severities.
These tests are not intended to demonstrate the suitability of components or equipments to
perform in continuous contact with a fluid, e.g. an immersed fuel pump. Nor are they a test to
demonstrate immunity from electrolytic corrosion.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this part of IEC 60068. For dated references, subsequent amendments
to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements
based on this part of IEC 60068 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the
most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the
latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1817:1985 2015, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of the effect of
liquids
3 Test fluid
3.1 Specification of test fluid
The relevant specification (see Clause 12) shall specify the required test fluids which shall
wherever possible be selected from the list given in Table 1. Each fluid has been specified as
being representative of a group of fluids. (See Clause A.2.) The actual composition of some of
the fluids specified in Table 1 are provided for information in Table 2 and Table 3.
The relevant specification shall also specify any additional fluids not listed in Table 1 for which
a test is required.
3.2 Precaution
Since many fluids may have flash points within the test temperature range, care should be
taken to ensure that adequate safety measures are taken to limit the possibility of fire or
explosion.
© IEC 2018
Some fluids may themselves, or in combination with other fluids or the specimen, be toxic. Due
consideration should be given to this possibility before commencing the tests. Consultation of a
health and safety expert is strongly advised.
Table 1 – Major contaminant fluid groups and test fluids
d e
Contaminant fluid group Test fluid Test
Test fluid
(See Annex A for description of reference temperature
c
contamination fluids including
(± 2 °C)
environmental and toxicological
aspects.)
Kerosene
ISO 1817:2015, Test liquid F
(turbine) fuel
a
(a) 70
(see Table 2)
Fuels Diesel fuel
Gasoline (piston ISO 1817:2015, Test liquid B
a
(b)
engine) fuel (see Table 2)
NATO H-520 (OM18) (ON-18)
Mineral oil based (c) 70
(or as an alternative NATO H-515)
Phosphate ester ISO 1817:2015, Test liquid 103
(d) 70
Hydraulic fluids based (synthetic) (see Table 3)
Dimethyl silicone fluid grade 10
Silicone based (e) (10 mm /s (cSt) at 25 °C) NATO S-1714 70
(Joint Service designation ZX-42)
SAE 10W/30
Mineral based (f) NATO O-1176 (Joint Service designation 70
OMD 80 90)
Lubricating oils
Ester based ISO 1817:2015, Test liquid 101
(g) 150
(synthetic) (see Table 3)
Propan-2-ol (isopropyl alcohol);
a
(h) CAS No 67-63-0,
(BS 1595-1, ASTM D770 and DIN 53245)
Solvents and cleaning fluids
(i) Denatured alcohol (methylated spirits) 23
(j) Detergent 23
Inhibited ethanediol (ethylene glycol) CAS
(k) No 107-21-1 with a volume fraction of 23
80 % in water
De-icing and antifreeze fluids
Inhibited ethanediol (ethylene glycol) CAS
(l) No 107-21-1 with a volume fraction of 23
50 % in water
Ethylene glycol CAS No 107-21-1
(m) 23
(25 % urea / 25 % ethanediol (ethylene
4)
glycol) in water)
Runway de-icers
Potassium acetate CAS No 127-822-2
(n) 50 % inhibited potassium acetate 23
4)
in water
Dichlorvos (DDVP) pyrethrum based,
CAS No 62-73-7
(o) 23
(2 % solution in kerosene
CAS No 8008-20-6)
Insecticides
D – phenothrin CAS No 26002-80-2
(p) 2% solution in kerosene 23
CAS No 8008-20-6
Silicate ester dielectric heat transfer fluid
Coolant dielectric fluids (see A.2.9) (q) 70
TM b
(commercial product “Coolanol 25R ” )
– 8 – IEC 60068-2-74:1999+AMD1:2018 CSV
© IEC 2018
Fluorochemical foam (rapid intervention)
(r) 23
Fluoroprotein foam
(NATO Stock #4210 99 224 6854)
Fire extinguishants
Fluoroprotein foam
(s) 23
Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)
containing fluorochemical surfactants
a
The indicated temperature exceeds the critical flash point temperature. Expert advice should be taken on
the conduct of the test.
b TM
Coolanol 25R is the tradename of a product supplied by ExxonMobil. This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by IEC of the product
named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
c
See Clauses 8, 9, 10 and A.7.
d
Wherever possible the fluid given is specified in an international standard or is described by its constituent
chemicals. In some cases a NATO identification has been used in preference to a commercial
identification. Reference to the relevant commercial literature can correlate to the NATO number with
commercially available fluids.
e
CAS No. refers to Chemical Abstracts Service Number (www.cas.org).
4)
NATO H-515 may be used as an alternative if desired.
Table 2 – Standard simulated fuels
Content
ISO 1817:2015 CAS Registry
Liquid constituents % (by Application
Test fluid Number
volume)
2,2,4-trimethylpentane 70 540-84-1 Liquid B is intended to
simulate petroleum-
B
derived fuels without
toluene 30 108-88-3
oxygen compounds.
straight-chain paraffins Liquid F is intended to
80 68476-34-6
(C12 to C18) simulate diesel fuel,
F domestic heating oils
and similar light
1-methylnaphthalene 20 90-12-0
furnace oils.
Table 3 – Simulated service liquids
ISO 1817:2015, Content CAS Registry
Liquid constituents Application
Test fluid % (by mass) Number
di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate 99,5 122-62-3 Intended to simulate
101 synthetic diester-type
phenothiazine 0,5 92-84-2
lubricating oils.
Intended to simulate
phosphate-ester
103 tri-n-butyl phosphate 100 126-73-8
hydraulic oils used in
aircraft.
© IEC 2018
4 Specimen
4.1 The specimen shall be either:
a) an equipment; or
b) a component
NOTE 1 – Where size or availability of an equipment does not permit a full test, a specially selected representation
of materials, finishes and components used in an equipment may be used as a specimen.
NOTE 2 – Specimens for materials or finishes should have a minimum surface area where possible of 20 cm .
4.2 The relevant specification shall specify the number and type of specimens to be tested.
(See clause A.4.)
5 Cleaning
5.1 Initial cleaning
Unless otherwise specified in the relevant specification the specimen shall be thoroughly
cleaned to remove unrepresentative coatings, for example preservatives, grease or
contaminants. (See clause A.5.)
5.2 Intermediate cleaning
If sequential testing is required, the relevant specification shall specify any necessary cleaning
method.
NOTE – It is essential that cleaning methods and cleaning fluids are chosen such that they do not affect the
specimen.
5.3 Final cleaning
The relevant specification shall specify any necessary cleaning method prior to final
examination. (See clause A.5.)
6 Initial examination
6.1 The specimen shall be visually examined following initial cleaning, if required, and its
condition recorded.
6.2 The relevant specification shall specify any measurements or tests required. (See clause
A.6.)
7 Testing
7.1 Three test procedures are given in clauses 8 to 10. The relevant specification shall
specify the test or tests to be used and the order of application of the test fluids if sequential
testing is required. (See clause A.7.)
NOTE – If sequential testing is specified care should be taken that there are no synergistic effects.
7.2 The relevant specification shall specify whether the specimen is to be connected
electrically or mechanically and, if it is required to operate before, during or after the
procedure, the operating parameters shall also be defined. If an initial operating test is
specified, it shall be carried out following the initial examination.
– 10 – IEC 60068-2-74:1999+AMD1:2018 CSV
© IEC 2018
8 Occasional contamination (class A)
8.1 Mount the specimen in its normal operating configuration and maintain at room
temperature, or as specified in the relevant specification.
8.2 Dip, brush or spray the relevant specimen with the specified fluid which shall be
maintained at the test temperature given in table 1, or as specified in the relevant specification.
Ensure that the entire surface of the specimen is thoroughly wetted. Allow the sample to drain
naturally for 5 min to 10 min, shaking or wiping is not permitted.
8.3 Transfer the specimen into a suitable test chamber, mounted in its normal operating
configuration if important, and maintain at the test temperature for the time specified in the
relevant specification. If not specified, the parameters shall be
70 °C ± 2 °C for 93 h ± 3 h.
8.4 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being
subjected to final examination.
8.5 Repeat this procedure, if and as required by the relevant specification.
9 Intermittent contamination (class B)
9.1 Mount the specimen in its normal operating configuration and maintain it at room
temperature, or as specified in the relevant specification.
9.2 Dip, spray or brush the relevant specimen with the specified fluid which shall be
maintained at the test temperature given in table 1, or as specified in the relevant specification.
Ensure that the entire surface of the specimen is wetted. Repeat this procedure one or more
times as necessary to maintain all the specimen surfaces in a wetted condition for the period
prescribed in the relevant specification.
If the period is not specified it shall be three cycles each of 24 h ± 1 h. Each cycle shall consist
of 8 h ± 0,5 h in the fully wetted condition followed by a drain period of 16 h ± 0,5 h at ambient
temperature during which no additional wetting shall occur.
9.3 Transfer the specimen into a suitable test chamber and maintain it at the test temperature
and for the time specified in the relevant specification. If not specified, the parameters shall be
70 °C ± 2 °C for 93 h ± 3 h.
9.4 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being
subjected to final examination.
10 Extended contamination (class C)
NOTE – This procedure is not intended to demonstrate the operation of an equipment which is normally immersed
in a fluid.
10.1 Immerse the specimen fully in the specified test fluid which shall be maintained at the
temperature and for the time stated in the relevant specification. If the temperature and/or
duration are not specified, the temperature shall be as given in table 1, and the duration shall
be 24 h ± 1 h.
10.2 Transfer the specimen into a suitable test chamber and maintain it at the test
temperature and for the time specified in the relevant specification. If not specified, the
© IEC 2018
parameters shall be 70 °C ± 2 °C for 93 h ± 3 h. The fluid shall be allowed to drain off the
specimen during this period and consideration shall be given to possible safety precautions.
10.3 At the end of the period allow the specimen to cool to room temperature before being
subjected to final examination.
11 Final examination
11.1 The specimen shall be cleaned in accordance with 5.3.
11.2 Examine the specimen visually and record any change of condition from the initial
examination.
11.3 The relevant specification shall specify any measurements or tests required.
(See clause A.6.)
12 Information to be given in the relevant specification
When this test is included in the relevant specification the following details shall be given in so
far as they are applicable:
Clause/Subclause
a) test fluids to be used. 3
b) details of specimen . 4
c) cleaning procedure if required . 5
d) initial examination . 6
e) test procedure(s) to be used . 7.1
f) order of application of fluids for sequential test if applicable . 7.1
g) connections and operations during the test procedure(s) if required . 7.2
h) specimen configuration and initial temperature if other than normal operating
configuration at room temperature . 8.1, 9.1
i) test fluid temperature if other than in table 1 . 8, 9, 10
j) duration of fluid application/immersion and storage temperature during
fluid application . 8, 9, 10
k) chamber storage temperature and/or time after fluid application . 8, 9, 10
l) final examination . 11
– 12 – IEC 60068-2-74:1999+AMD1:2018 CSV
© IEC 2018
Annex A
(informative)
Guidance on the choice of test fluids and specimens
A.1 General
The test procedures detailed in this part of IEC 60068 are intended to determine the effects of
contamination by fluids on equipments. It may be appropriate to carry out a test or sequence of
tests on the equipment itself, on subsystems, components or materials, depending on the
likelihood of contamination and the possible effects arising. Fluids, application procedures and
test conditions should be chosen as far as possible to represent typical worst case real life
situations.
A.2 Contaminating fluids and their effects
A.2.1 General
A.2.1.1 Components and equipment may be subjected to contamination by fluids, either
through normal operation, accidental spillage or through leakage, for example from faulty pipes
or pipe joints.
A.2.1.2 The contaminating fluid may not be at an elevated temperature, but a component or
equipment may become contaminated while itself whilst it is at its elevated working
temperature or it may attain such a temperature after having been contaminated. Any effect
may thus depend upon the behaviour of the contaminant at elevated temperature, for example
if it is volatile it may disappear rapidly. If it is non-volatile and oxidizes slowly, a hard residue
may remain.
A.2.1.3 Effects which may occur include packaging failure, crazing or swelling of plastics and
rubbers, leaching of anti-oxidants and other soluble materials, seal failures, adhesion failures,
paint /legend removal and corrosion.
A.2.1.4 A number of standards exist which, although not referred to in this part of IEC 60068
in a normative capacity, nevertheless may be used in an informative capacity by specification
writers (see Clause A.10).
A.2.2 Fuels
In most cases fuels will be of the gasoline or kerosene type. The former may be expected to
evaporate rapidly, possibly with few permanently harmful effects, whereas the latter being more
persistent, will be damaging to many elastomers, particularly at elevated temperature. Paints
and most plastics are not normally affected by fuels, but silicone resin bonded boards may tend
to de-laminate after prolonged exposure.
Some fuels may have additives to inhibit icing, or to dissipate static charges. Where there is
reason to suppose that these additives may increase the severity of the test, they should be
included in the test fluids.
Fuels vary widely in composition even within the same grade and from the same source.
Hydrocarbon-based fuels will, for the most part, be of the gasoline or kerosene type. The grade
of gasoline is improved by adding aromatic or oxygen-containing compounds, but these
additives increase the effect of fuels on normally fuel-resistant material. The composition
varies with the situation on the gasoline market, with the geographical area and can change
rapidly. Gasoline may be expected to evaporate rapidly, possibly with few permanently harmful
© IEC 2018
effects. However, kerosene may be more persistent and damage elastomers, particularly at
elevated temperatures. Fuels do not normally affect paints and most plastics, but silicone resin
bonded boards may tend to de-laminate after prolonged exposure. Some fuels may have
additives to inhibit icing or to dissipate static charges. Where there is reason to believe that
these additives may increase the severity of the test, they may be included.
The standard fuels historically used for contamination test purposes are test liquids B and F of
ISO 1817:2015, representing gasoline and diesel/kerosene respectively. ISO 1817:2015
recommends several test liquids of which those in ISO 1817:2015, Table A.1 represent fuels
without oxygen compounds and those of ISO 1817:2015, Table A.2 represent fuels with oxygen
compounds. Analytical reagent quality materials should be used in making up the test liquids.
Test liquids containing alcohol should not be used if the fuels involved are known to be free of
alcohol.
Fuels and oils can ignite and, under certain circumstances, will cause explosion. The flash
points of kerosene and gasoline are 46 °C and -18 °C respectively. The open burning of fuel
and oils will produce environmental pollution. Fuel and oils, when in contact with skin, can
promote de-fatting. Spillage of fuel and oils may result in contamination of waterways and
underground water supplies. Three hundred litres of gasoline has the capacity to produce a
surface film over 1 km of water. Carcinogenic chemicals such as benzene are present in fuels;
oils often contain other toxic elements. Spillage can cause toxic pollution of waterways and
underground water supplies.
A.2.3 Hydraulic fluids
Commonly used hydraulic fluids may be of the mineral oil or ester-based synthetic type;
see A.2.4 for the former; the latter are damaging to most elastomers and to plastics.
Phosphate esters are especially damaging to these materials and to paint finishes.
Commonly used hydraulic fluids may be of the natural or synthetic types, see A.2.4 for the
former; and may be at elevated temperatures in their working states. Phosphate ester based
hydraulic fluids are especially damaging to these materials and to paint finishes. The hydraulic
fluids used for contamination test purposes encompass mineral oil based (using NATO H-520
or NATO H-515), phosphate ester based synthetic fluids (using test liquid 103 from
ISO 1817:2015 – see ISO 1817:2015, Table A.3) and silicone based synthetic fluids (using
NATO S-1714 which are dimethyl silicone based). The latest issue of ASTM D471 indicates
that some constituents of hydraulic test fluids, common to ISO 1817:2015, are no longer
available and suggests alternatives.
A.2.4 Lubricating oils
Lubricating oils may be mineral or synthetic based. Either type may be at an elevated
temperature in its working state. Mineral oil is damaging to natural rubber, but less so to
synthetics such as polychloroprene, chloro-sulphonated polyethylene and silicone rubber. It
may have some adverse effects on plastics. Synthetic lubricants are extremely damaging to
plastics such as polyvinyl chloride as well as to many elastomers.
Mineral or synthetic-based lubricating oils may be at elevated temperatures in their working
states. Mineral oil is damaging to natural rubber but less so to synthetics such as
polychloroprene, chloro-sulphonated polyethylene and silicone rubber. Synthetic lubricants are
extremely damaging to plastics such as PVC as well as many elastomers. The lubricating oils
used for contamination test purposes encompass mineral oil (NATO O-1176) and synthetic oil
(using ester based test liquid 101 of ISO 1817:2015).
A.2.5 Solvents and cleaning fluids
Many areas of aircraft and other vehicles, especially engines and their immediate sur-
roundings, will need to have dirt and grease removed before servicing can begin. The test
fluids given in table 1 are representative of those in current use.
– 14 – IEC 60068-2-74:1999+AMD1:2018 CSV
© IEC 2018
Many areas of aircraft or vehicles may require dirt or grease removal before servicing can
begin. The test fluids given in Table 1 are representative of the solvents and cleaning fluids
utilized which can encompass denatured alcohol, isopropyl alcohol (specifically propan-2-ol)
and trans-1-2 dichloroethylene (which is a replacement for trichloroethane which has been
withdrawn because of its safety and environmental concerns). The solvents and cleaning fluids
used for contamination testing purposes also encompass a detergent cleaning compound used
on aircraft surfaces.
Propan-2-ol is flammable. Denatured alcohol is both toxic and flammable. It consists of a
mixture of approximately 95 % ethyl alcohol, 5 % methyl alcohol and minor ingredients such as
pyridine. Detergent manufactured from biodegradable phosphates, sodium sulphate and
sodium carboxy methyl cellulose is a conventional laundry substance. However, untreated
discharge of such substances into waterways may be prohibited by national regulations.
A.2.6 De-icing and anti-freeze fluids
These fluids may be applied, often at elevated temperature and under pressure and may
penetrate places where they can contaminate components and equipment. These fluids are
based, typically, on inhibited ethanediols (ethylene glycols).
De-icing and anti-freeze fluids may be applied, often at elevated temperatures, to the leading
edges, intakes, etc., of aircraft and may penetrate areas where they can contaminate
components and equipment. Runway de-icers are used on runways and other areas to lower
the freezing point of water. They may penetrate undercarriage and equipment bays of aircraft
as a fine mist. Such de-icing and anti-freeze fluids are based, typically, on inhibited ethylene
glycols. This document does not encompass de-icing fluids arising from the use of salt (NaCl),
for example as used on roads, because appropriate test procedures can be found in
IEC 60068-2-52:2017.
All aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol are toxic and the inclusion of urea will promote the
growth of algae. A 50 % inhibited aqueous potassium acetate solution is commercially
marketed and reputed to be a completely safe alternative to the ethylene glycols. However, its
interaction with aluminium alloys is less than satisfactory.
A.2.7 Runway de-icers
These fluids are used on runways and other areas to depress the freezing point of water. They
may penetrate vehicles and airport equipment close to the runways, as spray, or as a fine mist.
A.2.87 Insecticides
Aircraft flying in and through the tropics may be treated with insecticide sprays as a routine
precaution. While it is unlikely that these will have a directly adverse effect on components or
equipment, it may be necessary to make exploratory tests using a proprietary insecticide.
In the tropics equipment may be treated with insecticide sprays as a routine precaution. This
can include aircraft flying in and through the tropics. While it is unlikely that these will have a
directly adverse effect on components or equipment, it may be necessary to make exploratory
tests using a proprietary insecticide. The insecticides used for test purposes are: DDVP
(dichlorvos pyrethrum based, 2 % solution in kerosene) and d-phenothrin 2 % solution in
kerosene.
Most insecticides may be considered toxic to man. If the delivery medium for the insecticide is
a kerosene type (fuel/oil) spray or mist, many of the features referred to for fuels above will
also apply.
© IEC 2018
A.2.98 Coolant dielectric fluids
These fluids are used as thermal transfer liquids to assist cooling of certain equipment. They
are usually based on silicate ester materials and their effects on materials may be considered
to be similar to the phosphate ester hydraulic fluids although not quite as severe.
Coolant dielectric fluids are used as thermal transfer liquids to assist cooling of certain
equipment. They are usually based on silicate ester materials, and their effects on materials
may be considered to be similar to the phosphate ester hydraulic fluids, although not quite as
severe. The coolant dielectric fluid historically used for contamination evaluation purposes is
TM
the commercial product “Coolanol 25R ” which is a silicate ester fluid. Phosphate ester
hydraulic fluids are no longer in use in some countries.
In the event of fire or leakage of silicate ester fluids onto a hot surface, they will emit fumes
that are
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.
Loading comments...