IEC TR 60086-7:2026

IEC TR 60086-7 ®
Edition 1.0 2026-10
TECHNICAL
REPORT
Primary batteries -
Part 7: Coin/lithium button cell saline soak test simulating cell ingestion
ICS 29.220.10  ISBN 978-2-8327-1341-9

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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 2
INTRODUCTION . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Saline soak test simulating cell ingestion . 6
4.1 Cautionary notice . 6
4.2 Parameter measurement tolerances . 7
4.3 Preparation . 7
4.4 Ambient temperature . 7
4.5 Test procedure. 8
5 Example of execution . 9
5.1 Actual operation . 9
5.2 Test result . 9
5.3 Test summary . 9
6 Assessment . 10
6.1 Validity of this test . 10
6.2 Conclusions and recommendations . 10
6.3 Reservations . 11
Bibliography . 12

Figure 1 – Saline soak test . 8
Figure 2 – Discharge capacity distribution . 9

Table 1 – Items used in the test . 7
Table 2 – Consumed capacity calculation in three companies . 10

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Primary batteries -
Part 7: Coin/lithium button cell saline soak test simulating cell ingestion

FOREWORD
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IEC TR 60086-7 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 35: Primary cells and batteries.
It is a Technical Report.
The text of this Technical Report is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
35/1597/DTR 35/1605/RVDTR
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this Technical Report is English.

This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60086 series, published under the general title Primary batteries,
can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
– reconfirmed,
– withdrawn, or
– revised.
INTRODUCTION
Incidental ingestion of coin cells by infants has long been a social problem.
Coin cells are used in various household devices due to their size and convenience. In recent
years, in particular, the spread of compact devices has increased the opportunities for infants
to come into contact with coin cells in the home. The size and shape of coin cells are attractive
to young children, encouraging ingestion incidents.
Coin cells easily become lodged in the oesophagus due to their size and shape. When a coin
cell enters the body, a current flow via the body fluid occurs and a discharge reaction takes
place. This discharge causes electrolysis of body fluids and generates hydroxide ions. The
amount of hydroxide ions is proportional to the consumed capacity. As the concentration of
hydroxide ions increases, the body fluid becomes a strong alkaline solution. This can lead to
chemical burns, perforation of soft tissue, and, in severe cases, can cause death.
According to data from the US National Capital Poison Center, the percentage of serious
consequences (moderate, serious, or fatal) among mishaps responded to by cell medical
institutions has been on the rise since 2015. In addition, lithium coin cells with a diameter of
20 mm are easily jammed in the oesophagus, and of the 71 fatalities that have occurred in the
past, the CR2032 type has been the most common. The survey results from 1977 to 2022 are
available at https://www.poison.org/battery/fatalcases.
As one of the efforts to reduce incidents involving incidental ingestion of coin cells, the
development of technology to suppress the effects of incidental ingestion on the human body
is an issue for the future. However, at present, there is no method to quantitatively evaluate the
degree of effect on the living body, and thus the development of such technology has not
progressed.
In light of this situation, this test attempts to estimate the damage to a living body by measuring
the consumption and discharge capacity of a coin cell in physiological saline solution, simulating
the phenomenon that occurs in a living body.
This document is primarily intended to be used by
– battery manufacturers;
– equipment manufacturers;
– designers;
– standard writers;
– consumer organizations;
This document may also be of assistance to
– medical professionals;
– educational authorities;
– users;
– regulatory authorities.
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60086, which is a technical report, provides a procedure to indirectly assess
coin cells for their potential to cause internal injury if ingested.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of thi
...