IEC TR 62540:2009

IEC/TR 62540 ®
Edition 1.0 2009-11
TECHNICAL
REPORT
Radio frequency identification (RFID) of stationary lead acid cells and
monoblocs – Tentative requirements

IEC/TR 62540:2009(E)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or
IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.
Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette
publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: inmail@iec.ch
Web: www.iec.ch
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
ƒ Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub
The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…).
It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications.
ƒ IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available
on-line and also by email.
ƒ Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions
in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary online.
ƒ Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service
Centre FAQ or contact us:
Email: csc@iec.ch
Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
IEC/TR 62540 ®
Edition 1.0 2009-11
TECHNICAL
REPORT
Radio frequency identification (RFID) of stationary lead acid cells and
monoblocs – Tentative requirements

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
S
ICS 29.220.20 ISBN 978-2-88910-758-2
– 2 – TR 62540 © IEC:2009(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.3
1 Scope.5
2 Terms and definitions .5
3 Functional requirements .9
3.1 Overview .9
3.2 Data content and display requirements.10
3.3 Physical dimensions requirements.10
3.4 Performance requirements .10
3.5 Durability requirements .10
4 Requirements and characteristics.11
4.1 Requirement for information stored .11
4.2 Requirement of information display structure.14
4.3 Requirement of information translator.14
4.4 Requirement for data safety .14
4.5 Requirement for preferred physical dimensions .15
4.6 Requirement for RFID tag hull material.15
4.7 Requirement for RFID tag fixation on cells and monoblocs .15
4.8 Requirement for writing of data.16
4.9 Requirement for reading of data .16
4.10 Requirement for reading of data when n+1 units are present .17
4.11 Requirement for reading of data in transmission damping conditions.17
4.12 Requirement for durability of the data written on the RFID tag.18
4.13 Requirement for durability under temperature.19
4.14 Requirement for durability under vibration conditions .19
4.15 Requirement for durability when exposed to chemicals.19
4.16 Requirement for durability when exposed stresses occurring during battery
manufacturing .19
Bibliography.21

Table 1 – Data content and display requirements.10
Table 2 – Physical dimensions requirements.10
Table 3 – Performance requirements .10
Table 4 – Durability requirements .11
Table 5 – Data string .12
Table 6 – Example of minimum and maximum string information.13

TR 62540 © IEC:2009(E) – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID)
OF STATIONARY LEAD ACID CELLS AND MONOBLOCS –
TENTATIVE REQUIREMENTS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a
technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected
data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for
example "state of the art".
IEC/TR 62540, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 21:
Secondary cells and batteries. It is an informative document destined to lay the groundwork
for a possible future IEC/ISO standard. Such a standard would be established by a joint
ISO/IEC working group with IEC TC 21 and ISO/IEC JTC1/SC31 acting as the leading
technical committees.
– 4 – TR 62540 © IEC:2009(E)
The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
21/685/DTR 21/703/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

TR 62540 © IEC:2009(E) – 5 –
RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID)
OF STATIONARY LEAD ACID CELLS AND MONOBLOCS –
TENTATIVE REQUIREMENTS
1 Scope
IEC/TR 62540, which is a technical report, applies to all stationary lead-acid cells and
monobloc batteries for float charge applications (i.e. permanently connected to a load and to
a d.c. power supply), in a static location (i.e. not generally intended to be moved from place to
place) and incorporated into stationary equipment or installed in battery rooms for use in
telecom, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), utility switching, emergency power or similar
applications. These batteries are covered by IEC 60896-11, IEC 60896-21 and IEC 60896-22.
The objective of this technical report is to assist the supplier and user of radio frequency
identification devices (RFID) in the understanding of the requirements for performance,
durability, data content and structure, the write/read capability of such devices, and to provide
guidance so that the RFID tag on the battery will result in meeting the needs of a particular
industry application and operational condition.
This technical report does not directly apply to lead-acid cells and batteries used for vehicle
engine starting applications (IEC 60095 series), solar photovoltaic applications (IEC 61427),
or general purpose applications (IEC 61056 series) but nevertheless can also be the base of
standardization activities for these types of lead acid batteries.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
ambient temperature
temperature of the medium in the immediate vicinity of a cell or battery
[IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-10-03, modified]
2.2
ampere-hour
quantity of electricity or a capacity of a battery obtained by integrating the discharge current
in ampere with respect to time in hours
NOTE One ampere-hour equals 3 600 coulombs.
2.3
secondary battery
two or more secondary cells connected together and used as a source of electrical energy
[IEC 60050-811:1991, 811-20-02, modified]
2.4
monobloc battery
secondary battery in which the plate packs are fitted in a multi-compartment container

– 6 – TR 62540 © IEC:2009(E)
2.5
floating battery
secondary battery whose terminals are permanently connected to a source of constant
voltage sufficient to maintain the battery approximately fully charged, intended to supply a
circuit, if the normal supply is temporarily interrupted
[IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-35, modified]
2.6
battery capacity
quantity of electricity or electrical charge which a fully charged battery can deliver under
specified conditions
.
NOTE The SI unit for electric charge is the coulomb (1 C = 1 A s) but in practice, battery capacity is expressed in
ampere-hours (Ah).
2.7
charge
operation during which a secondary battery receives from an external circuit electrical energy,
which is converted into chemical energy
NOTE A charge is defined by its maximum voltage, current and duration.
2.8
cell
assembly of electrodes and electrolyte, which constitutes the basic unit of a secondary battery
[IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-01-01, modified]
2.9
electrochemical cell
electrochemical system capable of storing in chemical form the electric energy received and
which can give it back by reconversion, i.e. a secondary cell
[IEC 60050-811:1991, 811-20-01, modified]
2.10
secondary cell
assembly of electrodes and electrolyte which constitutes the basic unit of a secondary battery
2.11
valve-regulated cell
secondary cell which is coded under normal conditions but which has an arrangement, which
allows the escape of gas if the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value
NOTE 1 The cell cannot normally receive the addition of electrolyte.
NOTE 2 Such cells have an immobilized electrolyte to prevent spillage and allow for oxygen recombination on the
negative electrode.
2.12
actual capacity
C
a
quantity of electricity delivered by a cell or battery, determined experimentally with a
discharge at a specified rate to a specified end-voltage and at a specified temperature
NOTE This value is usually expressed in ampere-hours (Ah).
2.13
nominal capacity
C
n
suitable approximate quantity of electricity used to identify the capacity of a cell or battery

TR 62540 © IEC:2009(E) – 7 –
NOTE This value is usually expressed in ampere-hours (Ah).
2.14
rated capacity
C
rt
quantity of electricity, declared by the manufacturer, which a cell or battery can deliver under
specified conditions after a full charge
NOTE This value is usually expressed in ampere-hours (Ah).
[IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-15, modified]
2.15
shipping capacity
C
sh
quantity of electricity, declared by the manufacturer, which a cell or battery can deliver, at the
time of shipment, under specified conditions of charge
NOTE 1 This value is usually expressed in ampere-hours (Ah).
NOTE 2 In the present technical report this value is assumed to be at least 0,95 C .
rt
2.16
durability
ability of an item (battery) to perform a required function under given conditions of use and
maintenance, until a limiting state is reached
NOTE A limiting state of an item (battery) may be characterized by the end of the useful life, unsuitability for any
economic or technological reasons or other relevant factors.
[IEC 600505-101:1990, 191-02-02]
2.17
electrolyte
liquid or solid phase containing mobile ions that render the phase electrically conducting
[IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-29, modified]
2.18
stationary equipment
either fixed equipment or equipment not provided with a carrying handle and having such a
mass that it cannot easily be moved
[IEC 60050-826:2004, 826-6-06, modified]
2.19
failure
termination of the ability of an item (battery) to perform the required function
[IEC 60050-603:1996, 603-05-06]
2.20
lead-acid battery
secondary battery in which the electrodes are made mainly from lead and the electrolyte is a
sulphuric acid solution
[IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-01, modified]
2.21
design life
expected period of useful life of a battery according to components, design and application

– 8 – TR 62540 © IEC:2009(E)
2.22
service life
period of useful life of a battery under specified conditions
[IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-46, modified]
2.23
useful life
under given conditions, the time interval beginning at a certain instant of time, and ending
when the failure intensity becomes unacceptable or when the item (battery) is considered un-
repairable as a result of a fault
[IEC 60050-191:1990, 191-10-06]
2.24
performance
characteristics defining the ability of a battery to achieve its intended functions
[IEC 60050-300:2001, 311-06-11]
2.25
product range
range of products, i.e. cells or monobloc batteries, over which specified design features,
materials, manufacturing processes, and quality systems (e.g. ISO 9000) of manufacturing
locations are identical
2.26
accelerated test
test in which the applied stress level is chosen to exceed that stated in the reference
conditions in order to shorten the time duration required to observe the stress response of the
item (battery), or to magnify the response in a given time duration
NOTE To be valid, an accelerated test shall not alter (or conceal) the basic fault modes and failure mechanisms,
or their relative prevalence.
[IEC 60050-191:1990, 191-14-07]
2.27
acceptance test
contractual test to prove to the customer that the item (battery) meets certain conditions of its
specification
[IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-23]
2.28
commissioning test
tests on an item (battery) carried out on site to prove that it is correctly installed and can
operate correctly
[IEV 151-16-24]
2.29
compliance test
test used to show whether or not a characteristic or property of an item (battery) complies
with the stated requirements
[IEC 60050-191:1990, 191-14-02]

TR 62540 © IEC:2009(E) – 9 –
2.30
endurance test
test carried out over a time interval to investigate how the properties of an item (battery) are
affected by the application of stated stresses and by their duration or repeated application
[IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-22]
2.31
laboratory test
compliance test or determination test made under prescribed and controlled conditions, which
may or may not simulate field conditions
[IEC 60050-191:1990, 191-14-04]
2.32
life test
test to ascertain the probable life, under specified conditions, of an item (battery)
IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-21]
NOTE In stationary lead acid batteries it is customary to assume that for every 10 K rise in service temperature
above the reference temperature (20 °C – 25 °C) a halving of the life in a life test is observed (for a test
temperature up to 60 °C).
2.33
performance test
test carried out to determine the characteristics of a machine (battery) and to show that the
machine (battery) achieves its intended function
2.34
type test
conformity test made on one or more items (batteries) representative of the production
IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-16]
2.35
final voltage
U
final
specified voltage at which a discharge of a battery is considered finished
[IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-30, modified]
NOTE This voltage relates to the demand of the exterior circuit, the discharge rate and temperature.
2.36
float voltage
U
flo
constant charge voltage specified by the manufacturer for a floating battery
...