IEC 60269-1:2006
(Main)Low-voltage fuses - Part 1: General requirements
Low-voltage fuses - Part 1: General requirements
This part of IEC 60269 is applicable to fuses incorporating enclosed current-limiting fuse-links with rated breaking capacities of not less than 6 kA, intended for protecting power-frequency a.c. circuits of nominal voltages not exceeding 1 000 V or d.c. circuits of nominal voltages not exceeding 1 500 V. Subsequent parts of this standard, referred to herein, cover supplementary requirements for such fuses intended for specific conditions of use or applications.
Fusibles basse tension - Partie 1: Exigences générales
La présente partie de la CEI 60269 est applicable aux fusibles avec éléments de remplacement limiteurs de courant à fusion enfermée et à pouvoir de coupure égal ou supérieur à 6 kA, destinés à assurer la protection des circuits à courant alternatif à fréquence industrielle dont la tension nominale ne dépasse pas 1 000 V, ou des circuits à courant continu dont la tension nominale ne dépasse pas 1 500 V. Des parties subséquentes, auxquelles la présente norme se réfère, énoncent des exigences supplémentaires applicables aux fusibles prévus pour des conditions d'utilisation ou des applications particulières.
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 60269-1
Fourth edition
2006-11
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1:
General requirements
This English-language version is derived from the original
bilingual publication by leaving out all French-language
pages. Missing page numbers correspond to the French-
language pages.
Reference number
Publication numbering
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60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.
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edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the
base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating
amendments 1 and 2.
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INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 60269-1
Fourth edition
2006-11
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1:
General requirements
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60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.9
INTRODUCTION.13
1 General .15
1.1 Scope and object.15
1.2 Normative references .17
2 Terms and definitions .19
2.1 Fuses and their component parts .19
2.2 General terms.21
2.3 Characteristic quantities .27
3 Conditions for operation in service .33
3.1 Ambient air temperature (T ) .33
a
3.2 Altitude.33
3.3 Atmospheric conditions.33
3.4 Voltage.35
3.5 Current.35
3.6 Frequency, power factor and time constant .35
3.7 Conditions of installation.35
3.8 Utilization category .35
3.9 Discrimination of fuse-links .37
4 Classification .37
5 Characteristics of fuses .37
5.1 Summary of characteristics.37
5.2 Rated voltage .39
5.3 Rated current .39
5.4 Rated frequency (see 6.1 and 6.2) .39
5.5 Rated power dissipation of a fuse-link and rated acceptable power dissipation
of a fuse-holder .41
5.6 Limits of time-current characteristics.41
5.7 Breaking range and breaking capacity.45
5.8 Cut-off current and I t characteristics.47
6 Markings.47
6.1 Markings of fuse-holders .47
6.2 Markings of fuse-links.49
6.3 Marking symbols.49
7 Standard conditions for construction .49
7.1 Mechanical design .49
7.2 Insulating properties and suitability for isolation.51
7.3 Temperature rise, power dissipation of the fuse-link and acceptable power
dissipation of a fuse-holder .53
7.4 Operation .55
7.5 Breaking capacity .57
7.6 Cut-off current characteristic.57
7.7 I t characteristics .57
7.8 Overcurrent discrimination of fuse-links .59
7.9 Protection against electric shock.59
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 5 –
7.10 Resistance to heat.65
7.11 Mechanical strength.65
7.12 Resistance to corrosion .65
7.13 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire .65
7.14 Electromagnetic compatibility.65
8 Tests .67
8.1 General .67
8.2 Verification of the insulating properties and of the suitability for isolation .77
8.3 Verification of temperature rise and power dissipation.81
8.4 Verification of operation .87
8.5 Verification of the breaking capacity.97
8.6 Verification of the cut-off current characteristics. 109
8.7 Verification of I t characteristics and overcurrent discrimination . 109
8.8 Verification of the degree of protection of enclosures . 111
8.9 Verification of resistance to heat . 111
8.10 Verification of non-deterioration of contacts . 111
8.11 Mechanical and miscellaneous tests . 113
Annex A (informative) Measurement of short-circuit power factor. 139
Annex B (informative) Calculation of pre-arcing I t values for "gG", "gM", “gD” and
“gN” fuse-links and calculation of operating I t values at reduced voltage. 145
Annex C (informative) Calculation of cut-off current-time characteristic. 149
Annex D (informative) Effect of change of ambient temperature and surroundings on
the performance of fuse-links . 157
Figure 1 – Diagram illustrating the means of verification of the time-current
characteristic, using the results of the tests at the "gate" currents (example). 121
Figure 2 – Overload curve and time-current characteristic for "a" fuse-links . 123
Figure 3 – Time current zone for aM fuses. 125
Figure 4 – General presentation of the cut-off characteristics for a series of a.c. fuse-
links. 127
Figure 5 – Typical diagram of the circuit used for breaking capacity test (see 8.5). 129
Figure 6 – Interpretation of oscillograms taken during the a.c. breaking-capacity tests
(see 8.5.7) . 131
Figure 7 – Interpretation of oscillograms taken during the d.c. breaking-capacity tests
(see 8.5.7) . 133
Figure 8 – Glow-wire and position of the thermocouple . 135
Figure 9 –Test apparatus (example) . 137
Figure A.1 – Determination of circuit-impedance for calculation of power factor in
accordance with method I. 143
Figure C.1 – Cut-off current characteristic as a function of actual pre-arcing time . 155
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 7 –
Table 1 – Standard values of a.c. rated voltages for fuses .39
Table 2 – Conventional time and current for "gG" and "gM" fuse-links .43
a
Table 3 – Gates for specified pre-arcing times of "gG" and "gM" fuse-links .43
Table 4 – Gates for "aM ' fuse-links (all rated currents).45
Table 5 – Temperature rise limits ΔT = (T – T ) for contacts and terminals .53
a
Table 6 – Maximum arc voltage.57
Table 7 – Pre-arcing I t values at 0,01 s for "gG" and "gM" fuse-links .59
Table 8 – Rated impulse withstand voltage .61
Table 9 – Minimum clearances in air .61
Table 10 – Minimum creepage distances .63
Table 11 – Survey of complete tests on fuse-links and number of fuse-links to be tested .71
Table 12 – Survey of tests on fuse-links of smallest rated current of homogeneous
series and number of fuse-links to be tested.73
Table 13 – Survey of tests on fuse-links of rated currents between the largest and the
smallest rated current of a homogeneous series and number of fuse-links to be tested .75
Table 14 – Survey of complete tests on fuse-holders and number of fuse-holders to be
tested .75
Table 15 – Test voltage.79
Table 16 – Test voltage across the poles for the verification of the suitability for isolation .81
Table 17 – Cross-sectional area of copper conductors for tests corresponding to
Subclauses 8.3 and 8.4 .85
Table 18 – Cross-section areas of the copper conductors for the test of “aM” fuses .91
Table 19 – Table for test in Subclause 8.4.3.5 .95
Table 20 – Values for breaking-capacity tests on a.c. fuses . 101
Table 21 – Values for breaking capacity tests on d.c. fuses . 103
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 9 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES –
Part 1: General requirements
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
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3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60269-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 32B: Low-voltage
fuses, of IEC technical committee 32: Fuses.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 1998 and amendment 1
(2005), as well as parts of IEC 60269-2 (1986) and IEC 60269-3 (1987) and constitutes a minor
revision.
The general re-organization of the IEC 60269 series has led to the creation of this new edition.
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 11 –
The text of this standard is based on following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
32B/483/FDIS 32B/490/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
IEC 60269 consists of the following parts, under the general title Low-voltage fuses:
Part 1: General requirements
NOTE This part includes IEC 60269-1 (third edition, 1998) and parts of IEC 60269-2 (second edition,
1986) and IEC 60269-3 (second edition, 1987).
Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for
industrial application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to I
NOTE This part includes parts of IEC 60269-2 (second edition, 1986) and all of IEC 60269-2-1 (fourth
edition, 2004).
Part 3: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by unskilled persons (fuses mainly for
household or similar application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to F
NOTE This part includes parts of IEC 60269-3 (second edition, 1987) and all of IEC 60269-3-1 (second
edition, 2004).
Part 4: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the protection of semiconductor devices
NOTE This part includes IEC 60269-4 (third edition, 1986) and IEC 60269-4-1 (first edition, 2002).
Part 5: Guidance for the application of low-voltage fuses
NOTE Currently IEC/TR 61818 (2003).
For reasons of convenience, when a part of this publication has come from other publications,
a remark to this effect has been inserted in the text.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 13 –
INTRODUCTION
A reorganization of the different parts of the IEC 60269 series has been carried out, in order to
simplify its use, especially by the laboratories which test the fuses.
IEC 60269-1, IEC 60269-2, IEC 60269-3 and IEC 60269-3-1 have been integrated into either
the new part 1 or the new parts 2 or 3, according to the subjects considered, so that the
clauses which deal exclusively with “fuses for authorized persons” are separated from the
clauses dealing with “fuses for unauthorized persons”.
As far as IEC 60269-4 and IEC 60269-4-1 are concerned, they have been integrated into the
new part 4 which deals with the fuse-links used for semiconductor protection.
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 15 –
LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES –
Part 1: General requirements
1 General
1.1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 60269 is applicable to fuses incorporating enclosed current-limiting fuse-links
with rated breaking capacities of not less than 6 kA, intended for protecting power-frequency
a.c. circuits of nominal voltages not exceeding 1 000 V or d.c. circuits of nominal voltages not
exceeding 1 500 V.
Subsequent parts of this standard, referred to herein, cover supplementary requirements for
such fuses intended for specific conditions of use or applications.
Fuse-links intended to be included in fuse-switch combinations according to IEC 60947-3
should also comply with the following requirements.
NOTE 1 For "a" fuse-links, details of performance (see 2.2.4) on d.c. circuits should be subject to agreement
between user and manufacturer.
NOTE 2 Modifications of, and supplements to, this standard required for certain types of fuses for particular
applications – for example, certain fuses for rolling stock, or fuses for high-frequency circuits – will be covered, if
necessary, by separate standards.
NOTE 3 This standard does not apply to miniature fuses, these being covered by IEC 60127.
The object of this standard is to establish the characteristics of fuses or parts of fuses (fuse-
base, fuse-carrier, fuse-link) in such a way that they can be replaced by other fuses or parts of
fuses having the same characteristics provided that they are interchangeable as far as their
dimensions are concerned. For this purpose, this standard refers in particular to
– the following characteristics of fuses:
ƒ their rated values;
ƒ their insulation;
ƒ their temperature rise in normal service;
ƒ their power dissipation and acceptable power dissipation;
ƒ their time/current characteristics;
ƒ their breaking capacity;
ƒ their cut-off current characteristics and their I t characteristics.
– type test for verification of the characteristics of fuses;
– the marking of fuses.
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 17 –
1.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60038:1983, IEC standard voltages
IEC 60050(441):1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 441:
Switchgear, controlgear and fuses
Amendment 1 (2000)
IEC 60269-2, Low-voltage fuses – Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by
authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial application) – Examples of standardized
systems of fuses A to I)
IEC 60269-3, Low-voltage fuses – Part 3: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by
unskilled persons (fuses mainly for household or similar application) – Examples of
standardized systems of fuses A to F
IEC 60269-4, Low-voltage fuses – Part 4: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the
protection of semiconductor devices
IEC 60269-5, Low-voltage fuses – Part 5: Guidance for the application of low-voltage fuses
IEC 60364-3:1993, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 3: Assessment of general
characteristics
IEC 60364-5-52:2001, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-52: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Wiring system
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (Code IP)
IEC 60584-1:1995, Thermocouples – Part 1: Reference tables
IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams
IEC 60664-1:2002, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695-2-1/0:1994, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 1/sheet 0: Glow-
wire test methods – General
IEC 60695-2-1/1:1994, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 1/sheet 1: Glow-
wire end-product test and guidance
IEC 60695-2-1/2:1994, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 1/sheet 2: Glow-
wire flammability test on materials
IEC 60695-2-1/3:1994, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 1/sheet 3: Glow-
wire ignitability test on materials
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 19 –
ISO 3:1973, Preferred numbers – Series of preferred numbers
ISO 478:1974, Paper – Untrimmed stock sizes for the ISO-A series – ISO primary range
ISO 593:1974, Paper – Untrimmed stock size for the ISO-A series – ISO supplementary range
ISO 4046:1978, Paper, board, pulp and related terms – Vocabulary – Bilingual edition
2 Terms and definitions
NOTE For general definitions concerning fuses, see also IEC 60050-441.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1 Fuses and their component parts
2.1.1
fuse
device that by the fusing of one or more of its specially designed and proportioned components
opens the circuit in which it is inserted by breaking the current when this exceeds a given value
for a sufficient time. The fuse comprises all the parts that form the complete device
[IEV 441-18-01]
2.1.2
fuse-holder
combination of the fuse-base with its fuse-carrier
NOTE Where, in this standard, the term "fuse-holder" is used, it covers fuse-bases and/or fuse-carriers, if no
clearer distinction is necessary.
[IEV 441-18-14]
2.1.2.1
fuse-base (fuse-mount)
fixed part of a fuse provided with contacts and terminals
[IEV 441-18-02]
NOTE Where applicable, covers are considered as part of the fuse-base.
2.1.2.2
fuse-carrier
movable part of a fuse designed to carry a fuse-link
[IEV 441-18-13]
2.1.3
fuse-link
part of a fuse including the fuse-element(s), intended to be replaced after the fuse has
operated
[IEV 441-18-09]
2.1.4
fuse-contact
two or more conductive parts designed to ensure circuit continuity between a fuse-link and the
corresponding fuse-holder
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 21 –
2.1.5
fuse-element
part of the fuse-link designed to melt under the action of current exceeding some definite value
for a definite period of time
[IEV 441-18-08]
NOTE The fuse-link may comprise several fuse-elements in parallel.
2.1.6
indicating device (indicator)
part of a fuse provided to indicate whether the fuse has operated
[IEV 441-18-17]
2.1.7
striker
mechanical device forming part of a fuse-link which, when the fuse operates, releases the
energy required to cause operation of other apparatus or indicators or to provide interlocking
[IEV 441-18-18]
2.1.8
terminal
conductive part of a fuse provided for electric connection to external circuits
NOTE Terminals may be distinguished according to the kind of circuits for which they are intended (for example,
main terminal, earth terminal, etc.) and also according to their design (for example, screw terminal, plug terminal,
etc.).
2.1.9
dummy fuse-link
test fuse-link with defined power dissipation and dimensions
2.1.10
test rig
defined test fuse-base
2.1.11
gauge-piece
additional part of a fuse-base intended to achieve a degree of non-interchangeability
2.2 General terms
2.2.1
enclosed fuse-link
fuse-link in which the fuse-element(s) is (are) totally enclosed, so that during operation within
its rating it cannot produce any harmful external effects, for example, due to development of an
arc, the release of gas or the ejection of flame or metallic particles
[IEV 441-18-12]
2.2.2
current-limiting fuse-link
fuse-link that during and by its operation in a specified current range, limits the current to a
substantially lower value than the peak value of the prospective current
[IEV 441-18-10]
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 23 –
2.2.3
"g" fuse-link
(full-range breaking-capacity fuse-link, formerly general purpose fuse-link)
current-limiting fuse-link capable of breaking under specified conditions all currents, which
cause melting of the fuse-element up to its rated breaking capacity
2.2.4
"a" fuse-link
(partial-range breaking-capacity fuse-link, formerly back-up fuse-link)
current-limiting fuse-link capable of breaking under specified conditions all currents between
the lowest current indicated on its operating time-current characteristic (k I in Figure 2) and its
2 n
rated breaking capacity
NOTE "a" fuse-links are generally used to provide short-circuit protection. Where protection is required against
over-currents less than k I in Figure 2, they are used in conjunction with another suitable switching device
2 n
designed to interrupt such small overcurrents.
2.2.5
temperatures
2.2.5.1
ambient air temperature
T
a
the temperature of the air surrounding the fuse (at a distance of about 1 m from the fuse or its
enclosure, if any)
2.2.5.2
fluid environment temperature
T
e
temperature of the fluid cooling the fuse-components (contact, terminal, etc.). It is the sum of
the ambient air temperature T and the temperature rise ΔT with respect to the ambient
a e
temperature of the internal fluid in contact with the fuse-components (contact, terminal, etc.) if
the latter is in an enclosure. If it is not in an enclosure, it is assumed that T is equal to T
e a
2.2.5.3
fuse-component temperature
T
fuse-component (contact, terminal, etc.) temperature T is that of the relevant part
2.2.6
overcurrent discrimination
coordination of the relevant characteristics of two or more overcurrent protective devices such
that, on the occurrence of overcurrents within stated limits, the device intended to operate
within these limits does so, while the other(s) do(es) not
2.2.7
fuse system
family of fuses following the same physical design principles with respect to the shape of the
fuse-links, type of contact, etc.
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 25 –
2.2.8
size
specified set of dimensions of fuses within a fuse system. Each individual size covers a given
range of rated currents for which the specified dimensions of the fuses remain unchanged
2.2.9
homogeneous series of fuse-links
series of fuse-links, within a given size, deviating from each other only in such characteristics
that for a given test, the testing of one or a reduced number of particular fuse-links of that
series may be taken as representative for all the fuse-links of the homogeneous series
NOTE The characteristics by which the fuse-links of a homogeneous series may deviate and details on which of
the fuse-links shall be tested are specified in association with the tests concerned (see Tables 12 and 13).
[IEV 441-18-34, modified]
2.2.10
utilization category (of a fuse-link)
combination of specified requirements related to the conditions in which the fuse-link fulfils its
purpose, selected to represent a characteristic group of practical applications (see 5.7.1)
2.2.11
fuses for use by authorized persons
(formerly called fuses for industrial application)
fuses intended to be used in installations where the fuse-links are accessible to and intended
to be replaced by authorized persons only
NOTE 1 Non-interchangeability and protection against accidental contact with live parts need not necessarily be
ensured by constructional means.
NOTE 2 Authorized person is understood to have the meaning defined for categories BA 4 "instructed" and BA 5
"skilled" in IEC 60364-3.
2.2.12
fuses for use by unskilled persons (formerly called fuses for domestic and similar
applications)
fuses intended to be used in installations where the fuse-links are accessible to, and can be
replaced by, unskilled persons
NOTE For these fuses, protection against direct contact with live parts is recommended and non-interchangeability
may be required, if necessary
2.2.13
non-interchangeability
limitations on shape and/on dimensions with the object of avoiding in a specific fuse-base the
inadvertent use of fuse-links having electrical properties other than those ensuring the desired
degree of protection
[IEV 441-18-33]
___________
Instructed: Persons adequately advised or supervised by skilled persons to enable them to avoid dangers which
electricity may create (operating and maintenance staff).
Skilled: Persons with technical knowledge or sufficient experience to enable them to avoid dangers which
electricity may create (engineers and technicians).
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 27 –
2.3 Characteristic quantities
2.3.1
rating
general term employed to designate the characteristic values that together define the working
conditions upon which the tests are based and for which the equipment is designed
[IEV 441-18-36]
NOTE Rated values usually stated for low-voltage fuses are: voltage, current, breaking capacity, power dissipation
and acceptable power dissipation, and frequency, where applicable. In the case of a.c., rated voltage and rated
current are stated as r.m.s. symmetrical values; in the case of d.c., when ripple is present, the rated voltage is
stated as a mean value, the rated current as an r.m.s. value. The above applies to any value of voltage and current,
if not indicated otherwise.
2.3.2
prospective current (of a circuit and with respect to a fuse)
current that would flow in the circuit if each pole of the fuse were replaced by a conductor of
negligible impedance.
For a.c., the prospective current is expressed by the r.m.s. value of the a.c. component
NOTE The prospective current is the quantity to which the breaking capacity and characteristics of the fuse are
normally referred, e.g. I t and cut-off current characteristics (see 8.5.7).
[IEV 441-17-01 modified]
2.3.3
gates
limiting values within which the characteristics, for example time-current characteristics, are
obtained
2.3.4
breaking capacity of a fuse
value of prospective current that a fuse is capable of breaking at a stated voltage under
prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[IEV 441-17-08 modified]
2.3.5
breaking range
breaking range is a range of prospective currents within which the breaking capacity of a fuse-
link is assured
2.3.6
cut-off current
maximum instantaneous value reached by the current during the breaking operation of a fuse-
link when it operates in such a manner as to prevent the current from reaching the otherwise
attainable maximum
2.3.7
cut-off current characteristic; let-through current characteristic
curve giving the cut-off current as a function of the prospective current under stated conditions
of operation
NOTE In the case of a.c., the values of the cut-off currents are the maximum values which can be reached
whatever the degree of asymmetry. In the case of d.c., the values of the cut-off currents are the maximum values
reached related to the time constants as specified.
[IEV 441-17-14]
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 29 –
2.3.8
peak withstand current (of a fuse-holder)
value of cut-off current that the fuse-holder can withstand
NOTE The peak withstand current is not less than the highest cut-off current of any fuse-link with which the
fuseholder is intended to be associated.
2.3.9
pre-arcing time; melting time
interval of time between the beginning of a current large enough to cause a break in the fuse-
element(s) and the instant when an arc is initiated
[IEV 441-18-21]
2.3.10
arcing time of a fuse
interval of time between the instant of the initiation of the arc in a fuse and the instant of final
arc extinction in that fuse
[IEV 441-17-37 modified]
2.3.11
operating time; total clearing time
sum of the pre-arcing time and the arcing time
[IEV 441-18-22]
2.3.12
I t; Joule integral
integral of the square of the current over a given time interval:
t
2 2
I t = i dt
³
t
2 2
NOTE 1 The pre-arcing I t is the I t integral extended over the pre-arcing time of the fuse.
2 2
NOTE 2 The operating I t is the I t integral extended over the operating time of the fuse.
NOTE 3 The energy, in joules, released in 1 Ω of resistance in a circuit protected by a fuse is equal to the value of
2 2
the operating I t expressed in A s.
[IEV 441-18-23]
2.3.13
I t characteristic
2 2 2
curve giving I t values (pre-arcing I t and/or operating I t) as a function of prospective current
under stated conditions of operation
2.3.14
I t zone
2 2
range contained by the minimum pre-arcing I t characteristic and the maximum operating I t
characteristic, under specified conditions
2.3.15
rated current of a fuse-link
I
n
value of current that the fuse-link can carry continuously without deterioration under specified
conditions
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 31 –
2.3.16
time-current characteristic
curve giving the time, e.g. pre-arcing time or operating time as a function of the prospective
current under stated conditions of operation
[IEV 441-17-13]
NOTE For times longer than 0,1 s, for practical purposes the difference between pre-arcing and operating time is
negligible.
2.3.17
time-current zone
range contained by the minimum pre-arcing time-current characteristics and the maximum
operating time-current characteristic, under specified conditions
2.3.18
conventional non-fusing current
I
nf
value of current specified as that which the fuse-link is capable of carrying for a specified time
(conventional time) without melting
[IEV 441-18-27]
2.3.19
conventional fusing current
I
f
value of current specified as that which causes operation of the fuse-link within a specified time
(conventional time)
[IEV 441-18-28]
2.3.20
overload curve of an "a" fuse-link
curve showing the time for which an "a" fuse-link is able to carry the current without
deterioration (see 8.4.3.4 and Figure 2)
2.3.21
power dissipation (in a fuse-link)
power released in a fuse-link carrying a stated value of electric current under prescribed
conditions of use and behaviour
NOTE The prescribed conditions of use and behaviour generally include a constant r.m.s. value of the electric
current after steady-state temperature conditions are reached.
[IEV 441-18-38, modified]
2.3.22
acceptable power dissipation (of a fuse-base or a fuse-holder)
stated value of power dissipation in a fuse-link which a fuse-base or a fuse-holder can accept
under prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[IEV 441-18-39]
2.3.23
recovery voltage
voltage which appears across the terminals of a pole of a fuse after the breaking of the current
NOTE This voltage may be considered in two successive intervals of time, one during which a transient voltage
exists (see 2.3.23.1) followed by a second one during which only the power frequency or d.c. recovery voltage (see
2.3.23.2) exists.
[IEV 441-17-25, modified]
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 33 –
2.3.23.1
transient recovery voltage
abbreviation TRV
recovery voltage during the time in which it has a significant transient character
NOTE 1 The transient recovery voltage may be oscillatory or non-oscillatory or a combination of these, depending
on the characteristics of the circuit and the fuse. It includes the voltage shift of the neutral of a polyphase circuit.
NOTE 2 The transient recovery voltage in three-phase circuits is, unless otherwise stated, that which appears
across the first pole to clear, because this voltage is generally higher than that which appears across each of the
other two poles.
[IEV 441-17-26]
2.3.23.2
power-frequency or d.c. recovery voltage
recovery voltage after the transient voltage phenomena have subsided
[IEV 441-17-27 modified]
NOTE The power frequency or d.c. recovery voltage may be referred to as a percentage of the rated voltage.
2.3.24
arc voltage of a fuse
instantaneous value of the voltage which appears across the terminals of a fuse during the
arcing time
[IEV 441-18-30]
2.3.25
isolating distance (for a fuse)
shortest distance between the fuse-base contacts or any conductive parts connected thereto
measured on a fuse with the fuse-link or the fuse-carrier removed
[IEV 441-18-06]
3 Conditions for operation in service
Where the following conditions apply, fuses complying with this standard are deemed capable
of operating satisfactorily without further qualification. These conditions also apply for tests
except those otherwise specified in Clause 8.
3.1 Ambient air temperature (T )
a
The ambient air temperature T (see 2.2.5.1) does not exceed 40 °C, its mean value measured
a
over a period of 24 h does not exceed 35 °C, and its mean value measured over a period of
one year is lower.
The minimum value of the ambient air temperature is –5 °C.
NOTE 1 The time-current characteristics given are related to a reference ambient air temperature of 20 °C. These
time-current characteristics also approximately apply to a temperature of 30 °C.
NOTE 2 In cases where the temperature conditions vary significantly from these values, this should be taken into
consideration from the points of view of operation, temperature rise, etc. See Annex D.
3.2 Altitude
The altitude of the site of installation of the fuses does not exceed 2 000 m above sea-level.
3.3 Atmospheric conditions
The air is clean and its relative humidity does not exceed 50 % at the maximum temperature of
40 °C.
60269-1 ¤ IEC:2006 – 35 –
Higher relative humidity is permitted at lower temperatures, for example, 90 % at 20 °C.
Under these conditions, moderate condensation may occasionally occur due to variation in
temperature.
NOTE Where fuses are to be used under conditions different from those mentioned in 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3, in
particular outdoors without protection, the manufacturer should be consulted. This applies also in cases where
deposits of sea salt or abnormal deposits of industrial origin may occur.
3.4 Voltage
The system voltage has a maximum value not exceeding 110 % of the rated voltage of the
fuse. For d.c. when obtained by rectifying a.c., the ripple shall not cause a variation of more
than 5 % above or 9 % below the mean value of 110 % of the rated voltage.
For fuses rated 690 V the maximum system voltage shall not exceed 105 % of the rated
voltage of the fuse.
NOTE Attention is drawn to the fact that the indicating device or striker of a fuse may not operate if the fuse-link
operates at a voltage,
...
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE 60269-1
Quatrième édition
2006-11
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1:
Exigences générales
Cette version française découle de la publication d’origine
bilingue dont les pages anglaises ont été supprimées.
Les numéros de page manquants sont ceux des pages
supprimées.
Numéro de référence
CEI 60269-1:2006(F)
Numérotation des publications
Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI sont numérotées à partir de
60000. Ainsi, la CEI 34-1 devient la CEI 60034-1.
Editions consolidées
Les versions consolidées de certaines publications de la CEI incorporant les
amendements sont disponibles. Par exemple, les numéros d’édition 1.0, 1.1 et 1.2
indiquent respectivement la publication de base, la publication de base incorporant
l’amendement 1, et la publication de base incorporant les amendements 1 et 2
Informations supplémentaires sur les publications de la CEI
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afin qu'il reflète l'état actuel de la technique. Des renseignements relatifs à cette
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travaux entrepris par le comité d’études qui a élaboré cette publication, ainsi que la
liste des publications parues, sont également disponibles par l’intermédiaire de:
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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE 60269-1
Quatrième édition
2006-11
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1:
Exigences générales
© IEC 2006 Droits de reproduction réservés
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun
procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale XC
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
– 2 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS .8
INTRODUCTION.12
1 Généralités.14
1.1 Domaine d'application et objet .14
1.2 Références normatives .16
2 Termes et définitions .18
2.1 Fusibles et leurs éléments constitutifs.18
2.2 Termes généraux .20
2.3 Grandeurs caractéristiques .26
3 Conditions de fonctionnement en service .32
3.1 Température de l'air ambiant (T ) .32
a
3.2 Altitude.32
3.3 Conditions atmosphériques.32
3.4 Tension .34
3.5 Courant .34
3.6 Fréquence, facteur de puissance et constante de temps .34
3.7 Conditions d'installation .34
3.8 Catégorie d'emploi.34
3.9 Sélectivité des éléments de remplacement.36
4 Classification .36
5 Caractéristiques des fusibles .36
5.1 Enumération des caractéristiques .36
5.2 Tension assignée .38
5.3 Courant assigné .38
5.4 Fréquence assignée (voir 6.1 et 6.2) .38
5.5 Puissance dissipée assignée d'un élément de remplacement et puissance
dissipée acceptable assignée pour un ensemble-porteur .40
5.6 Limites des caractéristiques temps-courant.40
5.7 Zone de coupure et pouvoir de coupure .44
5.8 Caractéristiques d'amplitude du courant coupé et I t .46
6 Marquage .46
6.1 Marquages et indications des ensembles-porteurs .46
6.2 Marquages et indications des éléments de remplacement .48
6.3 Symboles d'identification.48
7 Conditions normales d'établissement .48
7.1 Réalisation mécanique.48
7.2 Qualités isolantes et aptitude au sectionnement.50
7.3 Echauffement, puissance dissipée de l'élément de remplacement et
puissance dissipée acceptable pour l'ensemble-porteur .52
7.4 Fonctionnement.54
7.5 Pouvoir de coupure.56
7.6 Caractéristiques d'amplitude du courant coupé .56
7.7 Caractéristiques I t .56
7.8 Sélectivité en cas de surintensités des éléments de remplacement .58
7.9 Protection contre les chocs électriques .58
– 4 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
7.10 Résistance à la chaleur.64
7.11 Résistance mécanique.64
7.12 Résistance à la corrosion.64
7.13 Résistance à la chaleur excessive et au feu .64
7.14 Compatibilité électromagnétique .64
8 Essais .66
8.1 Généralités.66
8.2 Vérification des qualités isolantes et de l’aptitude au sectionnement.76
8.3 Vérification des limites d'échauffement et de la puissance dissipée .80
8.4 Vérification du fonctionnement.86
8.5 Vérification du pouvoir de coupure .96
8.6 Vérification de la caractéristique d'amplitude du courant coupé . 108
8.7 Vérification des caractéristiques I t et sélectivité en cas de surintensité . 108
8.8 Vérification du degré de protection des enveloppes. 110
8.9 Vérification de la résistance à la chaleur . 110
8.10 Vérification de la non-détérioration des contacts . 110
8.11 Essais mécaniques et divers. 112
Annexe A (informative) Mesure du facteur de puissance d'un court-circuit . 138
Annexe B (informative) Calcul des valeurs de I t de préarc pour les éléments de
remplacement «gG», «gM», «gD» et «gN» et calcul de I t de fonctionnement à tension
réduite . 144
Annexe C (informative) Calcul de la caractéristique de courant coupé limité-durée . 148
Annexe D (informative) Influence de la température de l'air ambiant et des conditions
d'installation sur le fonctionnement des éléments de remplacement. 156
Figure 1 – Diagramme illustrant un exemple de vérification de la caractéristique temps-
courant sur la base des résultats d'essai obtenus avec les courants de «balises» . 120
Figure 2 – Courbe de surcharge et caractéristique temps-courant des éléments de
remplacement «a» . 122
Figure 3 – Zone temps-courant des éléments de remplacement “aM”. 124
Figure 4 – Mode de présentation générale des caractéristiques d'amplitude du courant
coupé d'une série d'éléments de remplacement pour courant alternatif . 126
Figure 5 – Schéma type du circuit utilisé pour les essais du pouvoir de coupure (voir 8.5). 128
Figure 6 – Interprétation des oscillogrammes lors des essais du pouvoir de coupure en
courant alternatif (voir 8.5.7) . 130
Figure 7 – Interprétation des oscillogrammes lors des essais du pouvoir de coupure en
courant continu (voir 8.5.7). 132
Figure 8 – Fil incandescent et position du thermocouple . 134
Figure 9 – Appareillage (exemple) . 136
Figure A.1 – Détermination de l'impédance du circuit pour le calcul du facteur de
puissance selon la méthode I . 142
Figure C.1 – Caractéristique d’amplitude ducourant coupé en fonction de la durée réelle
de préarc . 154
– 6 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
Tableau 1 – Valeurs normalisées de la tension assignée alternative d'un fusible .38
Tableau 2 – Courants et temps conventionnels pour les éléments de remplacement
«gG» et «gM» .42
Tableau 3 – Balises des durées de préarc spécifiées pour des éléments de
a
remplacement «gG» et «gM» .42
Tableau 4 – Balises pour les éléments de remplacement “aM” (tous les courants
assignés) .44
Tableau 5 – Limites d'échauffement ΔT = (T – T ) des contacts et bornes .52
a
Tableau 6 – Tension d'arc maximal .56
Tableau 7 – Valeurs de I t de préarc à 0,01 s pour élément de remplacement «gG» et
«gM» .58
Tableau 8 – Tension assignée de tenue aux chocs .60
Tableau 9 – Distances d’isolement minimales dans l’air.60
Tableau 10 – Lignes de fuite minimales.62
Tableau 11 – Liste des essais complets des éléments de remplacement et nombre
d'éléments de remplacement à essayer .70
Tableau 12 – Liste des essais des éléments de remplacement de courant assigné le
plus faible dans une série homogène et nombre d'éléments de remplacement à essayer .72
Tableau 13 – Liste des essais des éléments de remplacement de courant assigné
compris entre le courant assigné le plus fort et le courant assigné le plus faible d'une
série homogène et nombre d'éléments de remplacement à essayer .74
Tableau 14 – Liste des essais complets des ensembles-porteurs et nombre
d'ensembles-porteurs à essayer .74
Tableau 15 – Tension d’essai.78
Tableau 16 – Tension d’essai à travers les pôles pour la vérification de l’aptitude au
sectionnement .80
Tableau 17 – Sections des conducteurs en cuivre pour les essais (selon les
Paragraphes 8.3 et 8.4).84
Tableau 18 – Section des conducteurs en cuivre pour les essais de vérification des
balises des fusibles « aM» .90
Tableau 19 – Essai conformément au Paragraphe 8.4.3.5 .94
Tableau 20 – Valeurs pour les essais de vérification du pouvoir de coupure des fusibles
pour courant alternatif . 100
Tableau 21 – Valeurs pour les essais de vérification du pouvoir de coupure des fusibles
pour courant continu . 102
– 8 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
FUSIBLES BASSE TENSION –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée
de l'ensemble des comités électrotechniques nationaux (Comités nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a pour objet de
favoriser la coopération internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de
l'électricité et de l'électronique. A cet effet, la CEI – entre autres activités – publie des Normes internationales,
des Spécifications techniques, des Rapports techniques, des Spécifications accessibles au public (PAS) et des
Guides (ci-après dénommés "Publication(s) de la CEI"). Leur élaboration est confiée à des comités d'études,
aux travaux desquels tout Comité national intéressé par le sujet traité peut participer. Les organisations
internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec la CEI, participent également aux
travaux. La CEI collabore étroitement avec l'Organisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des
conditions fixées par accord entre les deux organisations.
2) Les décisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques représentent, dans la mesure
du possible, un accord international sur les sujets étudiés, étant donné que les Comités nationaux de la CEI
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3) Les Publications de la CEI se présentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales et sont agréées
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l'éventuelle mauvaise utilisation ou interprétation qui en est faite par un quelconque utilisateur final.
4) Dans le but d'encourager l'uniformité internationale, les Comités nationaux de la CEI s'engagent, dans toute la
mesure possible, à appliquer de façon transparente les Publications de la CEI dans leurs publications
nationales et régionales. Toutes divergences entre toutes Publications de la CEI et toutes publications
nationales ou régionales correspondantes doivent être indiquées en termes clairs dans ces dernières.
5) La CEI n’a prévu aucune procédure de marquage valant indication d’approbation et n'engage pas sa
responsabilité pour les équipements déclarés conformes à une de ses Publications.
6) Tous les utilisateurs doivent s'assurer qu'ils sont en possession de la dernière édition de cette publication.
7) Aucune responsabilité ne doit être imputée à la CEI, à ses administrateurs, employés, auxiliaires ou
mandataires, y compris ses experts particuliers et les membres de ses comités d'études et des Comités
nationaux de la CEI, pour tout préjudice causé en cas de dommages corporels et matériels, ou de tout autre
dommage de quelque nature que ce soit, directe ou indirecte, ou pour supporter les coûts (y compris les frais
de justice) et les dépenses découlant de la publication ou de l'utilisation de cette Publication de la CEI ou de
toute autre Publication de la CEI, ou au crédit qui lui est accordé.
8) L'attention est attirée sur les références normatives citées dans cette publication. L'utilisation de publications
référencées est obligatoire pour une application correcte de la présente publication.
9) L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments de la présente Publication de la CEI peuvent faire
l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait être tenue pour
responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et de ne pas avoir signalé leur existence.
La Norme internationale CEI 60269-1 a été établie par le sous-comité 32B: Coupe-circuit à
fusibles à basse tension, du comité d'études 32 de la CEI: Coupe-circuit à fusibles.
Cette quatrième édition annule et remplace la troisième édition parue en 1998 et son
amendement 1 (2005), ainsi que des parties de la CEI 60269-2 (1986) et la CEI 60269-3
(1987) et constitue une révision mineure.
La restructuration générale de la série CEI 60269 a conduit à la création de cette nouvelle
édition.
– 10 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
32B/483/FDIS 32B/490/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette norme.
La CEI 60269, sous le titre général Fusibles basse tension, est composée des parties
suivantes:
Partie 1: Exigences générales
NOTE Cette partie inclut la CEI 60269-1 (troisième édition, 1998) et des parties de la CEI 60269-2
(deuxième édition, 1986) et de la CEI 60269-3 (deuxième édition, 1987).
Partie 2: Exigences supplémentaires pour les fusibles destinés à être utilisés par des
personnes habilitées (fusibles pour usages essentiellement industriels) – Exemples
de systèmes de fusibles normalisés A à I
NOTE Cette partie inclut des parties de la CEI 60269-2 (deuxième édition, 1986) et la totalité de la
CEI 60269-2-1 ( quatrième édition, 2004).
Partie 3: Exigences supplémentaires pour les fusibles destinés à être utilisés par des
personnes non qualifiées (fusibles pour usages essentiellement domestiques et
analogues) Exemples de systèmes de fusibles normalisés A à F
NOTE Cette partie inclut des parties de la CEI 60269-3 (deuxième édition, 1987) et la totalité de la
CEI 60269-3-1 (deuxième édition, 2004).
Partie 4: Exigences supplémentaires concernant les éléments de remplacement utilisés
pour la protection des semiconducteurs
NOTE Cette partie inclut la CEI 60269-4 (troisième édition, 1986) et la CEI 60269-4-1 (première
édition, 2002).
Partie 5: Lignes directrices pour l’application des fusibles basse tension
NOTE Actuellement CEI/TR 61818 (2003).
Par commodité, lorsqu'une partie de cette publlication est reprise d'une autre publication, une
remarque a été insérée dans le texte à cet effet.
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifié avant la date de
maintenance indiquée sur le site web de la CEI sous «http://webstore.iec.ch» dans les données
relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date, la publication sera
• reconduite;
• supprimée;
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
– 12 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
INTRODUCTION
Une réorganisation des différentes parties de la série CEI 60269 a été effectuée afin d’en
simplifier l’utilisation, notamment par les laboratoires d’essai testant les fusibles.
La CEI 60269-1, la CEI 60269-2, la CEI 60269-2-1, la CEI 60269-3 et la CEI 60269-3-1 ont été
intégrées soit dans la nouvelle partie 1, soit dans les nouvelles parties 2 et 3, selon les sujets
considérés, de façon que les articles traitant exclusivement des « fusibles pour personnes
autorisées » soient séparés des articles traitant des « fusibles pour personnes non habilitées».
La CEI 60269-4 et la CEI 60296-4-1 ont, quant à elles, été intégrées dans la nouvelle partie 4
consacrée aux éléments de remplacement utilisés pour la protection des semiconducteurs.
– 14 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
FUSIBLES BASSE TENSION –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
1 Généralités
1.1 Domaine d'application et objet
La présente partie de la CEI 60269 est applicable aux fusibles avec éléments de remplacement
limiteurs de courant à fusion enfermée et à pouvoir de coupure égal ou supérieur à 6 kA,
destinés à assurer la protection des circuits à courant alternatif à fréquence industrielle dont la
tension nominale ne dépasse pas 1 000 V, ou des circuits à courant continu dont la tension
nominale ne dépasse pas 1 500 V.
Des parties subséquentes, auxquelles la présente norme se réfère, énoncent des exigences
supplémentaires applicables aux fusibles prévus pour des conditions d'utilisation ou des
applications particulières.
Il convient que les éléments de remplacement destinés à être utilisés dans les combinaisons
selon la CEI 60947-3 répondent aux présentes exigences.
NOTE 1 Il convient que, pour les éléments de remplacement «a», les conditions de fonctionnement (voir 2.2.4) en
courant continu fassent l'objet d'un accord entre l'utilisateur et le constructeur.
NOTE 2 Les modifications et compléments à la présente norme, nécessaires pour certains types de fusibles
destinés à des applications particulières – par exemple certains fusibles pour véhicules de traction électrique ou
pour circuits à haute fréquence – feront, au besoin, l'objet de normes particulières.
NOTE 3 La présente norme ne s'applique pas aux fusibles miniatures, ceux-ci faisant l'objet de la CEI 60127.
La présente norme a pour objet de préciser les caractéristiques des fusibles ou de leurs
parties (socle, porte-fusible, élément de remplacement) de manière à permettre leur
remplacement par d'autres fusibles ou parties de fusibles ayant les mêmes caractéristiques, à
condition qu'ils soient interchangeables en ce qui concerne leurs dimensions. A cette fin, elle
traite en particulier:
– des caractéristiques suivantes des fusibles:
ƒ leurs valeurs assignées;
ƒ leur isolation;
ƒ leurs échauffements en service normal;
ƒ leurs puissances dissipée et dissipée acceptable;
ƒ leurs caractéristiques temps-courant;
ƒ leur pouvoir de coupure;
t.
ƒ leur caractéristique d'amplitude du courant coupé et leurs caractéristiques I
– des essais de type destinés à vérifier les caractéristiques des fusibles;
– des indications à porter sur les fusibles.
– 16 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
1.2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent
document. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non
datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
CEI 60038:1983, Tensions normales de la CEI
CEI 60050(441):1984, Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International (VEI) – Chapitre 441:
Appareillage et fusibles
Amendement 1 (2000)
CEI 60269-2, Fusibles basse tension – Partie 2: Exigences supplémentaires pour les fusibles
destinés à être utilisés par des personnes habilitées (fusibles pour usages essentiellement
industriels) Exemples de systèmes de fusibles normalisés A à I
CEI 60269-3, Fusibles basse tension – Partie 3: Exigences supplémentaires pour les fusibles
destinés à être utilisés par des personnes non qualifiées (fusibles pour usages essentiellement
domestiques et analogues) Exemples de systèmes de fusibles normalisés A à F
CEI 60269-4, Fusibles basse tension – Partie 4: Exigences supplémentaires concernant les
éléments de remplacement utilisés pour la protection des semiconducteurs
CEI 60269-5, Fusibles basse tension – Partie 5: Lignes directrices pour l’application des
fusibles basse tension.
CEI 60364-3:1993, Installations électriques des bâtiments – Troisième partie: Détermination
des caractéristiques générales
CEI 60364-5-52:2001, Installations électriques des bâtiments – Partie 5-52: Choix et mise en
œuvre des matériels électriques – Canalisations
CEI 60529:1989, Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (Code IP)
CEI 60584-1:1995, Couples thermoélectriques – Partie 1: Tables de référence
CEI 60617, Symboles graphiques pour schémas
CEI 60664-1:2002, Coordination de l'isolement des matériels dans les systèmes (réseaux) à
basse tension – Partie 1: Principes, prescriptions et essais
CEI 60695-2-1/0:1994, Essais relatifs aux risques du feu – Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai –
Section 1/feuille 0: Méthode d'essai au fil incandescent – Généralités
CEI 60695-2-1/1:1994, Essais relatifs au risques du feu – Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai –
Section 1/ feuille 1: Essai au fil incandescent sur produits finis et guide
CEI 60695-2-1/2:1994, Essais relatifs aux risques du feu – Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai –
Section 1/feuille 2: Essai d'inflammabilité au fil incandescent sur matériaux
CEI 60695-2-1/3:1994, Essais relatifs aux risques du feu – Partie 2: Méthodes d'essai –
Section 1/feuille 3: Essai d'allumabilité au fil incandescent sur matériaux
– 18 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
ISO 3:1973, Nombres normaux – Série de nombres normaux
ISO 478:1974, Papier – Dimensions brutes de stock pour la série A-ISO – Série principale ISO
ISO 593:1974, Papier – Dimensions brutes de stock pour la série A-ISO – Série
complémentaire ISO
ISO 4046:1978, Papier, carton, pâtes et termes annexes – Vocabulaire – Edition bilingue
2 Termes et définitions
NOTE Pour les définitions générales relatives aux fusibles, voir également la CEI 60050-441.
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent:
2.1 Fusibles et leurs éléments constitutifs
2.1.1
fusible
appareil dont la fonction est d’ouvrir par la fusion d'un ou de plusieurs de ses éléments conçus
et calibrés à cet effet le circuit dans lequel il est inséré en coupant le courant lorsque celui-ci
dépasse pendant un temps suffisant une valeur donnée. Le fusible comprend toutes les parties
qui constituent l'appareil complet
[VEI 441-18-01]
2.1.2
ensemble-porteur
combinaison d'un socle et de son porte-fusible
NOTE Lorsque, dans la présente norme, le terme «ensemble-porteur» est utilisé, il désigne le socle et/ou le porte-
fusible, s'il n'est pas nécessaire de faire une distinction nette entre les deux.
[VEI 441-18-14 modifiée]
2.1.2.1
socle
partie fixe d'un fusible munie de contacts et de bornes
[VEI 441-18-02]
NOTE Le cas échéant, les enveloppes sont considérées comme faisant partie du socle.
2.1.2.2
porte-fusible
partie amovible d'un fusible destinée à recevoir un élément de remplacement
[VEI 441-18-13 modifiée]
2.1.3
élément de remplacement
partie d'un fusible comprenant le ou les éléments fusibles et destinée à être remplacée après
fonctionnement du fusible
[VEI 441-18-09]
2.1.4
contact du fusible
deux ou plusieurs parties conductrices destinées à assurer la continuité électrique entre un
élément de remplacement et l'ensemble-porteur correspondant
– 20 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
2.1.5
élément fusible
partie de l'élément de remplacement destinée à fondre sous l’action d’un courant dépassant
une valeur déterminée pendant une durée déterminée
[VEI 441-18-08]
NOTE L'élément de remplacement peut comporter plusieurs éléments fusibles montés en parallèle.
2.1.6
dispositif indicateur
partie d’un fusible destinée à indiquer si celui-ci a fonctionné
[VEI 441-18-17]
2.1.7
percuteur
dispositif mécanique faisant partie d’un élément de remplacement qui, lors du fonctionnement
du fusible, libère l'énergie requise pour faire fonctionner d'autres appareils, des dispositifs
indicateurs ou pour effectuer un verrouillage
[VEI 441-18-18]
2.1.8
borne
partie conductrice d'un fusible prévue pour la connexion électrique avec des circuits extérieurs
NOTE On peut distinguer les bornes selon le type de circuit auquel elles appartiennent (par exemple borne
principale, borne de terre, etc.) et aussi selon leur conception (par exemple borne à vis, borne à fiche, etc.).
2.1.9
élément de remplacement conventionnel d’essai
élément de remplacement d’essai à puissance dissipée et de dimensions définies
2.1.10
socle conventionnel d’essai
socle d'essai défini
2.1.11
élément de calibrage
partie supplémentaire d'un socle destinée à assurer un degré de non-interchangeabilité
2.2 Termes généraux
2.2.1
élément de remplacement à fusion enfermée
élément de remplacement dont le ou les éléments fusibles sont totalement enfermés, de sorte
qu'au cours du fonctionnement, dans la limite de ses caractéristiques assignées, il ne peut
provoquer aucun effet nuisible externe par exemple, effet dû au développement d'un arc, à
l'émission de gaz ou à la projection de flammes ou de particules métalliques
[VEI 441-18-12]
2.2.2
élément de remplacement limiteur de courant
élément de remplacement qui, pendant et par son fonctionnement dans une zone de courant
spécifié, limite le courant à une valeur nettement inférieure à la valeur de crête du courant
présumé
[VEI 441-18-10]
– 22 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
2.2.3
élément de remplacement «g»
(élément de remplacement de pouvoir de coupure toute surintensité, antérieurement: «à usage
général»)
élément de remplacement limiteur de courant capable d'interrompre, dans des conditions
spécifiées, tous courants qui provoquent la fusion de l'élément fusible jusqu'à son pouvoir de
coupure assigné
2.2.4
élément de remplacement «a»
(élément de remplacement de pouvoir de coupure des courants de court-circuit seulement,
antérieurement: «d'accompagnement»)
élément de remplacement limiteur de courant capable d'interrompre, dans des conditions
spécifiées, tous courants compris entre la valeur minimale du courant indiquée sur sa
caractéristique temps de fonctionnement/courant (k I à la Figure 2) et son pouvoir de coupure
2 n
assigné
NOTE Les éléments de remplacement «a» sont généralement utilisés pour assurer la protection contre les courts-
circuits. S'il y a lieu d'assurer la protection contre des surintensités inférieures à la valeur k I à la Figure 2, ils sont
2 n
utilisés avec un autre appareil de connexion approprié conçu pour interrompre de telles surintensités de faible
valeur.
2.2.5
températures
2.2.5.1
température de l’air ambiant
T
a
température de l'air extérieur au fusible (à 1 m de distance environ de celui-ci ou de son
coffret, s'il existe)
2.2.5.2
température du fluide environnant
T
e
température du fluide refroidissant l'élément (contact, borne, etc.). C'est la somme de la
température de l'air ambiant T et de l'échauffement ΔT par rapport à la température ambiante
a e
du fluide intérieur entourant les composants du fusible (contact, borne, etc.). S'il n'est pas
enfermé, T est prise égale à T
e a
2.2.5.3
température de l’élément
T
la température de l'élément (contact, borne, etc.) T est celle que l'on mesure sur cet élément
2.2.6
sélectivité lors d'une surintensité
coordination entre les caractéristiques considérées de deux ou de plusieurs dispositifs de
protection à maximum de courant de telle façon qu'à l'apparition de surintensités dans des
limites données le dispositif prévu pour fonctionner entre ces limites fonctionne, tandis que le
ou les autres ne fonctionnent pas
2.2.7
système de fusibles
famille de fusibles construits suivant les mêmes principes physiques en ce qui concerne la
forme des éléments de remplacement, le type des contacts, etc.
– 24 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
2.2.8
taille
série de dimensions spécifiées de fusibles à l'intérieur d'un système de fusibles. Chaque taille
couvre une zone de courants assignés donnée à l'intérieur de laquelle les dimensions
normalisées des fusibles restent inchangées
2.2.9
série homogène d'éléments de remplacement
série d'éléments de remplacement d'une taille donnée dont chacun ne diffère de l'autre que par
des caractéristiques telles que, pour un essai donné, l'essai d'un seul ou d'un nombre réduit
d'éléments de remplacement déterminés de la série peut être considéré comme représentatif
de tous les éléments de remplacement de la série
NOTE Les caractéristiques par lesquelles un élément de remplacement d'une série homogène peut différer des
autres ainsi que le choix de l'élément de remplacement à soumettre aux essais seront indiquées en fonction des
essais considérés (voir Tableaux 12 et 13).
[VEI 441-18-34 modifiée]
2.2.10
catégorie d'emploi (d' un élément de remplacement)
ensemble d’exigences spécifiées relatives aux conditions dans lesquelles l'élément de
remplacement remplit son office, choisies pour représenter un groupe caractéristique
d'applications pratiques (voir 5.7.1)
2.2.11
fusibles destinés à être utilisés par des personnes habilitées
(antérieurement: coupe-circuit pour usages industriels)
fusibles destinés à être utilisés dans des installations dans lesquelles les éléments de rem-
placement ne sont accessibles qu'à des personnes habilitées et ne peuvent être remplacés
que par elles
NOTE 1 La non-interchangeabilité et la protection contre les contacts accidentels avec les parties sous tension
peuvent ne pas être assurées par des dispositions de construction.
NOTE 2 Par «personnes habilitées», on entend les personnes appartenant aux catégories BA 4 «averties » et BA
5 «qualifiées » selon la CEI 60364-3.
2.2.12
fusibles destinés à être utilisés par des personnes non qualifiées
(antérieurement coupe-circuit pour usages domestiques et analogues)
fusibles destinés à être utilisés dans des installations dans lesquelles les éléments de
remplacement sont accessibles à des personnes non qualifiées et peuvent être remplacés par
elles
NOTE Dans le cas de ces fusibles, il est recommandé d'assurer la protection contre les contacts directs avec les
parties sous tension; le cas échéant, il peut s'avérer nécessaire de prescrire leur non-interchangeabilité.
2.2.13
non-interchangeabilité
caractéristiques limitatives de forme ou de dimensions destinées à éviter l'utilisation par
mégarde, sur un socle déterminé, d'éléments de remplacement ayant des propriétés
électriques autres que celles assurant le degré voulu de protection
[VEI 441-18-33]
___________
Averties: Personnes suffisamment informées ou surveillées par des personnes qualifiées leur permettant
d'éviter les dangers que peut présenter l'électricité (agents d'entretien ou d'exploitation).
Qualifiées: Personnes ayant des connaissances techniques ou une expérience suffisante leur permettant
d’éviter les dangers que peut présenter l’électricité (ingénieurs et techniciens).
– 26 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
2.3 Grandeurs caractéristiques
2.3.1
caractéristiques assignées
terme général employé pour désigner chacune des valeurs caractéristiques qui définissent
ensemble les conditions de fonctionnement d'après lesquelles les essais sont déterminés et
pour lesquelles le matériel a été établi
[VEI 441-18-36]
NOTE Les valeurs assignées généralement indiquées pour les fusibles basse tension sont les suivantes: tension,
courant, pouvoir de coupure, puissance dissipée et puissance dissipée acceptable, et fréquence, s'il y a lieu. Dans
le cas du courant alternatif, la tension assignée et le courant assigné indiqués sont les valeurs efficaces
périodiques; dans le cas du courant continu, s'il y a des ondulations, la tension assignée s'entend pour la valeur
moyenne, le courant assigné pour la valeur efficace. Sauf indication contraire, cela s'applique à toute valeur de la
tension et du courant.
2.3.2
courant présumé (d'un circuit et dans le cas d'un fusible)
courant qui circulerait dans le circuit si chaque pôle du fusible était remplacé par un
conducteur d’impédance négligeable.
En courant alternatif, le courant présumé est exprimé par la valeur efficace de la composante
alternative
NOTE Le courant présumé est la grandeur à laquelle se rapportent normalement le pouvoir de coupure et les
caractéristiques du fusible, par exemple les caractéristiques I t et d'amplitude du courant coupé (voir 8.5.7).
[VEI 441-17-01 modifiée]
2.3.3
balises
valeurs limites à l'intérieur desquelles se trouvent les caractéristiques, par exemple les
caractéristiques temps-courant
2.3.4
pouvoir de coupure d’un élément de remplacement
valeur du courant présumé qu'un élément de remplacement est capable d'interrompre sous
une tension spécifiée et dans des conditions exigées d'emploi et de comportement
[VEI 441-17-08 modifiée]
2.3.5
zone de coupure
zone de courants présumés à l'intérieur de laquelle le pouvoir de coupure d'un élément de
remplacement est assuré
2.3.6
courant coupé limité
valeur instantanée maximale du courant atteinte pendant le fonctionnement d'un élément de
remplacement quand il fonctionne de manière à empêcher le courant d'atteindre la valeur
maximale qu'il atteindrait autrement
2.3.7
caractéristique d'amplitude du courant coupé; caractéristique du courant coupé limité
courbe donnant, pour des conditions déterminées de fonctionnement, la valeur du courant
coupé limité en fonction du courant présumé
NOTE En courant alternatif, les valeurs des courants coupés limités sont des valeurs maximales atteintes quel
que soit le degré d'asymétrie. En courant continu, les valeurs des courants coupés limités sont les valeurs
maximales atteintes pour la constante de temps spécifiée.
[VEI 441-17-14]
– 28 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
2.3.8
valeur de crête du courant admissible (d'un ensemble-porteur)
valeur de crête du courant coupé limité que l'ensemble-porteur peut supporter
NOTE La valeur de crête du courant admissible n'est pas inférieure au courant coupé limité de tout élément de
remplacement que l'ensemble-porteur est destiné à recevoir.
2.3.9
durée de préarc; temps de fusion
intervalle de temps qui s'écoule à partir du moment où commence à circuler un courant
suffisant pour provoquer une coupure dans le ou les éléments fusibles jusqu'à l'instant où un
arc commence à se former
[VEI 441-18-21]
2.3.10
durée d’arc d’un fusible
intervalle de temps entre l'instant d'amorçage de l'arc sur un fusible et l'instant de l'extinction
finale de l'arc sur ce même fusible
[VEI 441-17-37 modifiée]
2.3.11
durée de fonctionnement
somme de la durée de préarc et de la durée d'arc
[VEI 441-18-22]
2.3.12
I t; intégrale de Joule
intégrale du carré du courant pour un intervalle de temps donné:
t
2 2
I t = i dt
∫
t
2 2
NOTE 1 L’I t de préarc est l’intégrale I t pour la durée de préarc du fusible.
2 2
NOTE 2 L’I t de fonctionnement est l'intégrale I t appliquée pour la durée de fonctionnement du fusible.
NOTE 3 L'énergie, en joules, libérée dans une portion ayant une résistance de 1 Ω d’un circuit protégé par un
2 2
fusible est égale à la valeur de I t de fonctionnement exprimée en A s.
[VEI 441-18-23]
2.3.13
caractéristique I t
2 2
courbe donnant les valeurs de l'I t (I t de préarc et/ou de fonctionnement) en fonction de la
valeur du courant présumé et pour des conditions de fonctionnement déterminées
2.3.14
zone de l’I t
2 2
bande comprise entre la caractéristique I t de préarc minimale et la caractéristique I t de
fonctionnement maximale dans des conditions déterminées
2.3.15
courant assigné d'un élément de remplacement
I
n
valeur du courant que l'élément de remplacement est capable de supporter de façon continue
dans des conditions déterminées sans détérioration
– 30 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
2.3.16
caractéristique temps-courant
courbe donnant la durée, pour des conditions déterminées de fonctionnement, par exemple la
durée de préarc ou la durée de fonctionnement, en fonction du courant présumé
[VEI 441-17-13]
NOTE Pour des temps supérieurs à 0,1 s, il n'y a en pratique aucune différence entre la durée de préarc et la
durée de fonctionnement.
2.3.17
zone temps-courant
bande comprise entre la caractéristique temps-courant de durée minimale de préarc et la
caractéristique temps-courant de durée maximal
...
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60269-1
INTERNATIONAL
Quatrième édition
STANDARD
Fourth edition
2006-11
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1:
Exigences générales
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1:
General requirements
Numéro de référence
Reference number
CEI/IEC 60269-1:2006
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Depuis le 1er janvier 1997, les publications de la CEI As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are
sont numérotées à partir de 60000. Ainsi, la CEI 34-1 issued with a designation in the 60000 series. For
devient la CEI 60034-1. example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.
Editions consolidées Consolidated editions
Les versions consolidées de certaines publications de la The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its
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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
60269-1
INTERNATIONAL
Quatrième édition
STANDARD
Fourth edition
2006-11
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1:
Exigences générales
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1:
General requirements
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– 2 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS .8
INTRODUCTION.12
1 Généralités.14
1.1 Domaine d'application et objet .14
1.2 Références normatives .16
2 Termes et définitions .18
2.1 Fusibles et leurs éléments constitutifs.18
2.2 Termes généraux .20
2.3 Grandeurs caractéristiques .26
3 Conditions de fonctionnement en service .32
3.1 Température de l'air ambiant (T ) .32
a
3.2 Altitude.32
3.3 Conditions atmosphériques.32
3.4 Tension .34
3.5 Courant .34
3.6 Fréquence, facteur de puissance et constante de temps .34
3.7 Conditions d'installation .34
3.8 Catégorie d'emploi.34
3.9 Sélectivité des éléments de remplacement.36
4 Classification .36
5 Caractéristiques des fusibles .36
5.1 Enumération des caractéristiques .36
5.2 Tension assignée .38
5.3 Courant assigné .38
5.4 Fréquence assignée (voir 6.1 et 6.2) .38
5.5 Puissance dissipée assignée d'un élément de remplacement et puissance
dissipée acceptable assignée pour un ensemble-porteur .40
5.6 Limites des caractéristiques temps-courant.40
5.7 Zone de coupure et pouvoir de coupure .44
5.8 Caractéristiques d'amplitude du courant coupé et I t .46
6 Marquage .46
6.1 Marquages et indications des ensembles-porteurs .46
6.2 Marquages et indications des éléments de remplacement .48
6.3 Symboles d'identification.48
7 Conditions normales d'établissement .48
7.1 Réalisation mécanique.48
7.2 Qualités isolantes et aptitude au sectionnement.50
7.3 Echauffement, puissance dissipée de l'élément de remplacement et
puissance dissipée acceptable pour l'ensemble-porteur .52
7.4 Fonctionnement.54
7.5 Pouvoir de coupure.56
7.6 Caractéristiques d'amplitude du courant coupé .56
7.7 Caractéristiques I t .56
7.8 Sélectivité en cas de surintensités des éléments de remplacement .58
7.9 Protection contre les chocs électriques .58
60269-1 © IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.9
INTRODUCTION.13
1 General .15
1.1 Scope and object.15
1.2 Normative references .17
2 Terms and definitions .19
2.1 Fuses and their component parts .19
2.2 General terms.21
2.3 Characteristic quantities .27
3 Conditions for operation in service .33
3.1 Ambient air temperature (T ) .33
a
3.2 Altitude.33
3.3 Atmospheric conditions.33
3.4 Voltage.35
3.5 Current.35
3.6 Frequency, power factor and time constant .35
3.7 Conditions of installation.35
3.8 Utilization category .35
3.9 Discrimination of fuse-links .37
4 Classification .37
5 Characteristics of fuses .37
5.1 Summary of characteristics.37
5.2 Rated voltage .39
5.3 Rated current .39
5.4 Rated frequency (see 6.1 and 6.2) .39
5.5 Rated power dissipation of a fuse-link and rated acceptable power dissipation
of a fuse-holder .41
5.6 Limits of time-current characteristics.41
5.7 Breaking range and breaking capacity.45
5.8 Cut-off current and I t characteristics.47
6 Markings.47
6.1 Markings of fuse-holders .47
6.2 Markings of fuse-links.49
6.3 Marking symbols.49
7 Standard conditions for construction .49
7.1 Mechanical design .49
7.2 Insulating properties and suitability for isolation.51
7.3 Temperature rise, power dissipation of the fuse-link and acceptable power
dissipation of a fuse-holder .53
7.4 Operation .55
7.5 Breaking capacity .57
7.6 Cut-off current characteristic.57
7.7 I t characteristics .57
7.8 Overcurrent discrimination of fuse-links .59
7.9 Protection against electric shock.59
– 4 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
7.10 Résistance à la chaleur.64
7.11 Résistance mécanique.64
7.12 Résistance à la corrosion.64
7.13 Résistance à la chaleur excessive et au feu .64
7.14 Compatibilité électromagnétique .64
8 Essais .66
8.1 Généralités.66
8.2 Vérification des qualités isolantes et de l’aptitude au sectionnement.76
8.3 Vérification des limites d'échauffement et de la puissance dissipée .80
8.4 Vérification du fonctionnement.86
8.5 Vérification du pouvoir de coupure .96
8.6 Vérification de la caractéristique d'amplitude du courant coupé . 108
8.7 Vérification des caractéristiques I t et sélectivité en cas de surintensité . 108
8.8 Vérification du degré de protection des enveloppes. 110
8.9 Vérification de la résistance à la chaleur . 110
8.10 Vérification de la non-détérioration des contacts . 110
8.11 Essais mécaniques et divers. 112
Annexe A (informative) Mesure du facteur de puissance d'un court-circuit . 138
Annexe B (informative) Calcul des valeurs de I t de préarc pour les éléments de
remplacement «gG», «gM», «gD» et «gN» et calcul de I t de fonctionnement à tension
réduite . 144
Annexe C (informative) Calcul de la caractéristique de courant coupé limité-durée . 148
Annexe D (informative) Influence de la température de l'air ambiant et des conditions
d'installation sur le fonctionnement des éléments de remplacement. 156
Figure 1 – Diagramme illustrant un exemple de vérification de la caractéristique temps-
courant sur la base des résultats d'essai obtenus avec les courants de «balises» . 120
Figure 2 – Courbe de surcharge et caractéristique temps-courant des éléments de
remplacement «a» . 122
Figure 3 – Zone temps-courant des éléments de remplacement “aM”. 124
Figure 4 – Mode de présentation générale des caractéristiques d'amplitude du courant
coupé d'une série d'éléments de remplacement pour courant alternatif . 126
Figure 5 – Schéma type du circuit utilisé pour les essais du pouvoir de coupure (voir 8.5). 128
Figure 6 – Interprétation des oscillogrammes lors des essais du pouvoir de coupure en
courant alternatif (voir 8.5.7) . 130
Figure 7 – Interprétation des oscillogrammes lors des essais du pouvoir de coupure en
courant continu (voir 8.5.7). 132
Figure 8 – Fil incandescent et position du thermocouple . 134
Figure 9 – Appareillage (exemple) . 136
Figure A.1 – Détermination de l'impédance du circuit pour le calcul du facteur de
puissance selon la méthode I . 142
Figure C.1 – Caractéristique d’amplitude ducourant coupé en fonction de la durée réelle
de préarc . 154
60269-1 © IEC:2006 – 5 –
7.10 Resistance to heat.65
7.11 Mechanical strength.65
7.12 Resistance to corrosion .65
7.13 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire .65
7.14 Electromagnetic compatibility.65
8 Tests .67
8.1 General .67
8.2 Verification of the insulating properties and of the suitability for isolation .77
8.3 Verification of temperature rise and power dissipation.81
8.4 Verification of operation .87
8.5 Verification of the breaking capacity.97
8.6 Verification of the cut-off current characteristics. 109
8.7 Verification of I t characteristics and overcurrent discrimination . 109
8.8 Verification of the degree of protection of enclosures . 111
8.9 Verification of resistance to heat . 111
8.10 Verification of non-deterioration of contacts . 111
8.11 Mechanical and miscellaneous tests . 113
Annex A (informative) Measurement of short-circuit power factor. 139
Annex B (informative) Calculation of pre-arcing I t values for "gG", "gM", “gD” and
“gN” fuse-links and calculation of operating I t values at reduced voltage. 145
Annex C (informative) Calculation of cut-off current-time characteristic. 149
Annex D (informative) Effect of change of ambient temperature and surroundings on
the performance of fuse-links . 157
Figure 1 – Diagram illustrating the means of verification of the time-current
characteristic, using the results of the tests at the "gate" currents (example). 121
Figure 2 – Overload curve and time-current characteristic for "a" fuse-links . 123
Figure 3 – Time current zone for aM fuses. 125
Figure 4 – General presentation of the cut-off characteristics for a series of a.c. fuse-
links. 127
Figure 5 – Typical diagram of the circuit used for breaking capacity test (see 8.5). 129
Figure 6 – Interpretation of oscillograms taken during the a.c. breaking-capacity tests
(see 8.5.7) . 131
Figure 7 – Interpretation of oscillograms taken during the d.c. breaking-capacity tests
(see 8.5.7) . 133
Figure 8 – Glow-wire and position of the thermocouple . 135
Figure 9 –Test apparatus (example) . 137
Figure A.1 – Determination of circuit-impedance for calculation of power factor in
accordance with method I. 143
Figure C.1 – Cut-off current characteristic as a function of actual pre-arcing time . 155
– 6 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
Tableau 1 – Valeurs normalisées de la tension assignée alternative d'un fusible .38
Tableau 2 – Courants et temps conventionnels pour les éléments de remplacement
«gG» et «gM» .42
Tableau 3 – Balises des durées de préarc spécifiées pour des éléments de
a
remplacement «gG» et «gM» .42
Tableau 4 – Balises pour les éléments de remplacement “aM” (tous les courants
assignés) .44
Tableau 5 – Limites d'échauffement ΔT = (T – T ) des contacts et bornes .52
a
Tableau 6 – Tension d'arc maximal .56
Tableau 7 – Valeurs de I t de préarc à 0,01 s pour élément de remplacement «gG» et
«gM» .58
Tableau 8 – Tension assignée de tenue aux chocs .60
Tableau 9 – Distances d’isolement minimales dans l’air.60
Tableau 10 – Lignes de fuite minimales.62
Tableau 11 – Liste des essais complets des éléments de remplacement et nombre
d'éléments de remplacement à essayer .70
Tableau 12 – Liste des essais des éléments de remplacement de courant assigné le
plus faible dans une série homogène et nombre d'éléments de remplacement à essayer .72
Tableau 13 – Liste des essais des éléments de remplacement de courant assigné
compris entre le courant assigné le plus fort et le courant assigné le plus faible d'une
série homogène et nombre d'éléments de remplacement à essayer .74
Tableau 14 – Liste des essais complets des ensembles-porteurs et nombre
d'ensembles-porteurs à essayer .74
Tableau 15 – Tension d’essai.78
Tableau 16 – Tension d’essai à travers les pôles pour la vérification de l’aptitude au
sectionnement .80
Tableau 17 – Sections des conducteurs en cuivre pour les essais (selon les
Paragraphes 8.3 et 8.4).84
Tableau 18 – Section des conducteurs en cuivre pour les essais de vérification des
balises des fusibles « aM» .90
Tableau 19 – Essai conformément au Paragraphe 8.4.3.5 .94
Tableau 20 – Valeurs pour les essais de vérification du pouvoir de coupure des fusibles
pour courant alternatif . 100
Tableau 21 – Valeurs pour les essais de vérification du pouvoir de coupure des fusibles
pour courant continu .102
60269-1 © IEC:2006 – 7 –
Table 1 – Standard values of a.c. rated voltages for fuses .39
Table 2 – Conventional time and current for "gG" and "gM" fuse-links .43
a
Table 3 – Gates for specified pre-arcing times of "gG" and "gM" fuse-links .43
Table 4 – Gates for "aM ' fuse-links (all rated currents).45
Table 5 – Temperature rise limits ΔT = (T – T ) for contacts and terminals .53
a
Table 6 – Maximum arc voltage.57
Table 7 – Pre-arcing I t values at 0,01 s for "gG" and "gM" fuse-links .59
Table 8 – Rated impulse withstand voltage .61
Table 9 – Minimum clearances in air .61
Table 10 – Minimum creepage distances .63
Table 11 – Survey of complete tests on fuse-links and number of fuse-links to be tested .71
Table 12 – Survey of tests on fuse-links of smallest rated current of homogeneous
series and number of fuse-links to be tested.73
Table 13 – Survey of tests on fuse-links of rated currents between the largest and the
smallest rated current of a homogeneous series and number of fuse-links to be tested .75
Table 14 – Survey of complete tests on fuse-holders and number of fuse-holders to be
tested .75
Table 15 – Test voltage.79
Table 16 – Test voltage across the poles for the verification of the suitability for isolation .81
Table 17 – Cross-sectional area of copper conductors for tests corresponding to
Subclauses 8.3 and 8.4 .85
Table 18 – Cross-section areas of the copper conductors for the test of “aM” fuses .91
Table 19 – Table for test in Subclause 8.4.3.5 .95
Table 20 – Values for breaking-capacity tests on a.c. fuses . 101
Table 21 – Values for breaking capacity tests on d.c. fuses . 103
– 8 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
FUSIBLES BASSE TENSION –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
AVANT-PROPOS
1) La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation composée
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La Norme internationale CEI 60269-1 a été établie par le sous-comité 32B: Coupe-circuit à
fusibles à basse tension, du comité d'études 32 de la CEI: Coupe-circuit à fusibles.
Cette quatrième édition annule et remplace la troisième édition parue en 1998 et son
amendement 1 (2005), ainsi que des parties de la CEI 60269-2 (1986) et la CEI 60269-3
(1987) et constitue une révision mineure.
La restructuration générale de la série CEI 60269 a conduit à la création de cette nouvelle
édition.
60269-1 © IEC:2006 – 9 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES –
Part 1: General requirements
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60269-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 32B: Low-voltage
fuses, of IEC technical committee 32: Fuses.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 1998 and amendment 1
(2005), as well as parts of IEC 60269-2 (1986) and IEC 60269-3 (1987) and constitutes a minor
revision.
The general re-organization of the IEC 60269 series has led to the creation of this new edition.
– 10 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
32B/483/FDIS 32B/490/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cette norme.
La CEI 60269, sous le titre général Fusibles basse tension, est composée des parties
suivantes:
Partie 1: Exigences générales
NOTE Cette partie inclut la CEI 60269-1 (troisième édition, 1998) et des parties de la CEI 60269-2
(deuxième édition, 1986) et de la CEI 60269-3 (deuxième édition, 1987).
Partie 2: Exigences supplémentaires pour les fusibles destinés à être utilisés par des
personnes habilitées (fusibles pour usages essentiellement industriels) – Exemples
de systèmes de fusibles normalisés A à I
NOTE Cette partie inclut des parties de la CEI 60269-2 (deuxième édition, 1986) et la totalité de la
CEI 60269-2-1 ( quatrième édition, 2004).
Partie 3: Exigences supplémentaires pour les fusibles destinés à être utilisés par des
personnes non qualifiées (fusibles pour usages essentiellement domestiques et
analogues) Exemples de systèmes de fusibles normalisés A à F
NOTE Cette partie inclut des parties de la CEI 60269-3 (deuxième édition, 1987) et la totalité de la
CEI 60269-3-1 (deuxième édition, 2004).
Partie 4: Exigences supplémentaires concernant les éléments de remplacement utilisés
pour la protection des semiconducteurs
NOTE Cette partie inclut la CEI 60269-4 (troisième édition, 1986) et la CEI 60269-4-1 (première
édition, 2002).
Partie 5: Lignes directrices pour l’application des fusibles basse tension
NOTE Actuellement CEI/TR 61818 (2003).
Par commodité, lorsqu'une partie de cette publlication est reprise d'une autre publication, une
remarque a été insérée dans le texte à cet effet.
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifié avant la date de
maintenance indiquée sur le site web de la CEI sous «http://webstore.iec.ch» dans les données
relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date, la publication sera
• reconduite;
• supprimée;
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
60269-1 © IEC:2006 – 11 –
The text of this standard is based on following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
32B/483/FDIS 32B/490/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
IEC 60269 consists of the following parts, under the general title Low-voltage fuses:
Part 1: General requirements
NOTE This part includes IEC 60269-1 (third edition, 1998) and parts of IEC 60269-2 (second edition,
1986) and IEC 60269-3 (second edition, 1987).
Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for
industrial application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to I
NOTE This part includes parts of IEC 60269-2 (second edition, 1986) and all of IEC 60269-2-1 (fourth
edition, 2004).
Part 3: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by unskilled persons (fuses mainly for
household or similar application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to F
NOTE This part includes parts of IEC 60269-3 (second edition, 1987) and all of IEC 60269-3-1 (second
edition, 2004).
Part 4: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the protection of semiconductor devices
NOTE This part includes IEC 60269-4 (third edition, 1986) and IEC 60269-4-1 (first edition, 2002).
Part 5: Guidance for the application of low-voltage fuses
NOTE Currently IEC/TR 61818 (2003).
For reasons of convenience, when a part of this publication has come from other publications,
a remark to this effect has been inserted in the text.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 12 – 60269-1 © CEI:2006
INTRODUCTION
Une réorganisation des différentes parties de la série CEI 60269 a été effectuée afin d’en
simplifier l’utilisation, notamment par les laboratoires d’essai testant les fusibles.
La CEI 60269-1, la CEI 60269-2, la CEI 60269-2-1, la CEI 60269-3 et la CEI 60269-3-1 ont été
intégrées soit dans la nouvelle
...
IEC 60269-1 ®
Edition 4.1 2009-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1: General requirements
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
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IEC 60269-1 ®
Edition 4.1 2009-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1: General requirements
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CS
CODE PRIX
ICS 29.120.50 ISBN 978-2-88910-086-6
– 2 – 60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.7
1 General .8
1.1 Scope and object.8
1.2 Normative references .9
2 Terms and definitions .10
2.1 Fuses and their component parts .10
2.2 General terms.11
2.3 Characteristic quantities .14
3 Conditions for operation in service .17
3.1 Ambient air temperature (T ) .17
a
3.2 Altitude.17
3.3 Atmospheric conditions.17
3.4 Voltage.18
3.5 Current.18
3.6 Frequency, power factor and time constant .18
3.7 Conditions of installation.18
3.8 Utilization category .18
3.9 Discrimination of fuse-links .19
4 Classification .19
5 Characteristics of fuses .19
5.1 Summary of characteristics.19
5.2 Rated voltage .20
5.3 Rated current .20
5.4 Rated frequency (see 6.1 and 6.2) .20
5.5 Rated power dissipation of a fuse-link and rated acceptable power dissipation
of a fuse-holder .21
5.6 Limits of time-current characteristics.21
5.7 Breaking range and breaking capacity.23
5.8 Cut-off current and I t characteristics .24
6 Markings.24
6.1 Markings of fuse-holders .24
6.2 Markings of fuse-links.25
6.3 Marking symbols.25
7 Standard conditions for construction .25
7.1 Mechanical design .25
7.2 Insulating properties and suitability for isolation.26
7.3 Temperature rise, power dissipation of the fuse-link and acceptable power
dissipation of a fuse-holder .27
7.4 Operation .28
7.5 Breaking capacity .29
7.6 Cut-off current characteristic.29
7.7 I t characteristics .29
7.8 Overcurrent discrimination of fuse-links .30
7.9 Protection against electric shock.30
60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009 – 3 –
7.10 Resistance to heat.33
7.11 Mechanical strength.33
7.12 Resistance to corrosion .33
7.13 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire .33
7.14 Electromagnetic compatibility.33
8 Tests .34
8.1 General .34
8.2 Verification of the insulating properties and of the suitability for isolation .39
8.3 Verification of temperature rise and power dissipation.41
8.4 Verification of operation .44
8.5 Verification of the breaking capacity.49
8.6 Verification of the cut-off current characteristics.55
8.7 Verification of I t characteristics and overcurrent discrimination.55
8.8 Verification of the degree of protection of enclosures .56
8.9 Verification of resistance to heat .56
8.10 Verification of non-deterioration of contacts .56
8.11 Mechanical and miscellaneous tests .57
Annex A (informative) Measurement of short-circuit power factor.69
Annex B (informative) Calculation of pre-arcing I t values for "gG", "gM", “gD” and “gN”
fuse-links and calculation of operating I t values at reduced voltage.72
Annex C (informative) Calculation of cut-off current-time characteristic.74
Annex D (informative) Effect of change of ambient temperature and surroundings
on the performance of fuse-links .78
Annex E (normative) Particular requirements for fuse-bases with screwless-type
terminals for external copper conductors .79
Figure 1 – Diagram illustrating the means of verification of the time-current
characteristic, using the results of the tests at the "gate" currents (example).60
Figure 2 – Overload curve and time-current characteristic for "a" fuse-links .61
Figure 3 – Time current zone for aM fuses.62
Figure 4 – General presentation of the cut-off characteristics for a series
of a.c. fuse-links.63
Figure 5 – Typical diagram of the circuit used for breaking capacity test (see 8.5).64
Figure 6 – Interpretation of oscillograms taken during the a.c. breaking-capacity tests
(see 8.5.7) .65
Figure 7 – Interpretation of oscillograms taken during the d.c. breaking-capacity tests
(see 8.5.7) .66
Figure 8 – Glow-wire and position of the thermocouple .67
Figure 9 –Test apparatus (example) .68
Figure A.1 – Determination of circuit-impedance for calculation of power factor
in accordance with method I .71
Figure C.1 – Cut-off current characteristic as a function of actual pre-arcing time .77
Figure E.1 – Connecting samples .84
Figure E.2 – Examples of terminals .85
– 4 – 60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
Table 1 – Standard values of a.c. rated voltages for fuses .20
Table 2 – Conventional time and current for "gG" and "gM" fuse-links .22
Table 3 – Gates for specified pre-arcing times of "gG" and "gM" fuse-links .22
Table 4 – Gates for "aM ' fuse-links (all rated currents).23
Table 5 – Temperature rise limits ΔT = (T – T ) for contacts and terminals.27
a
Table 6 – Maximum arc voltage.29
Table 7 – Pre-arcing I t values at 0,01 s for "gG" and "gM" fuse-links.30
Table 8 – Rated impulse withstand voltage .31
Table 9 – Minimum clearances in air .31
Table 10 – Minimum creepage distances .32
Table 11 – Survey of complete tests on fuse-links and number of fuse-links to be tested .36
Table 12 – Survey of tests on fuse-links of smallest rated current of homogeneous
series and number of fuse-links to be tested.37
Table 13 – Survey of tests on fuse-links of rated currents between the largest and the
smallest rated current of a homogeneous series and number of fuse-links to be tested .38
Table 14 – Survey of complete tests on fuse-holders and number of fuse-holders
to be tested.38
Table 15 – Test voltage.40
Table 16 – Test voltage across the poles for the verification of the suitability for isolation .41
Table 17 – Cross-sectional area of copper conductors for tests corresponding
to Subclauses 8.3 and 8.4 .43
Table 18 – Cross-section areas of the copper conductors for the test of “aM” fuses .46
Table 19 – Table for test in Subclause 8.4.3.5 .48
Table 20 – Values for breaking-capacity tests on a.c. fuses .51
Table 21 – Values for breaking capacity tests on d.c. fuses .52
Table E.1 – Connectable conductors .81
Table E.2 – Cross-sections of copper conductors connectable to terminals.81
Table E.3 – Pull forces .83
60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES –
Part 1: General requirements
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60269-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 32B: Low-voltage
fuses, of IEC technical committee 32: Fuses.
The general re-organization of the IEC 60269 series has led to the creation of this new edition.
This consolidated version of IEC 60269-1 consists of the fourth edition (2006) [documents
32B/483/FDIS and 32B/490/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2009) [documents 32B/534/FDIS and
32B/540/RVD].
The technical content is therefore identical to the base edition and its amendment and has
been prepared for user convenience.
It bears the edition number 4.1.
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1.
– 6 – 60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
IEC 60269 consists of the following parts, under the general title Low-voltage fuses:
Part 1: General requirements
NOTE This part includes IEC 60269-1 (third edition, 1998) and parts of IEC 60269-2 (second edition,
1986) and IEC 60269-3 (second edition, 1987).
Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for
industrial application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to I
NOTE This part includes parts of IEC 60269-2 (second edition, 1986) and all of IEC 60269-2-1 (fourth
edition, 2004).
Part 3: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by unskilled persons (fuses mainly for
household or similar application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to F
NOTE This part includes parts of IEC 60269-3 (second edition, 1987) and all of IEC 60269-3-1 (second
edition, 2004).
Part 4: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the protection of semiconductor devices
NOTE This part includes IEC 60269-4 (third edition, 1986) and IEC 60269-4-1 (first edition, 2002).
Part 5: Guidance for the application of low-voltage fuses
NOTE Currently IEC/TR 61818 (2003).
For reasons of convenience, when a part of this publication has come from other publications,
a remark to this effect has been inserted in the text.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date,
the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
A reorganization of the different parts of the IEC 60269 series has been carried out, in order to
simplify its use, especially by the laboratories which test the fuses.
IEC 60269-1, IEC 60269-2, IEC 60269-3 and IEC 60269-3-1 have been integrated into either
the new part 1 or the new parts 2 or 3, according to the subjects considered, so that the
clauses which deal exclusively with “fuses for authorized persons” are separated from the
clauses dealing with “fuses for unauthorized persons”.
As far as IEC 60269-4 and IEC 60269-4-1 are concerned, they have been integrated into the
new part 4 which deals with the fuse-links used for semiconductor protection.
– 8 – 60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES –
Part 1: General requirements
1 General
1.1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 60269 is applicable to fuses incorporating enclosed current-limiting fuse-links
with rated breaking capacities of not less than 6 kA, intended for protecting power-frequency
a.c. circuits of nominal voltages not exceeding 1 000 V or d.c. circuits of nominal voltages not
exceeding 1 500 V.
Subsequent parts of this standard, referred to herein, cover supplementary requirements for
such fuses intended for specific conditions of use or applications.
Fuse-links intended to be included in fuse-switch combinations according to IEC 60947-3
should also comply with the following requirements.
NOTE 1 For "a" fuse-links, details of performance (see 2.2.4) on d.c. circuits should be subject to agreement
between user and manufacturer.
NOTE 2 Modifications of, and supplements to, this standard required for certain types of fuses for particular
applications – for example, certain fuses for rolling stock, or fuses for high-frequency circuits – will be covered, if
necessary, by separate standards.
NOTE 3 This standard does not apply to miniature fuses, these being covered by IEC 60127.
The object of this standard is to establish the characteristics of fuses or parts of fuses (fuse-
base, fuse-carrier, fuse-link) in such a way that they can be replaced by other fuses or parts of
fuses having the same characteristics provided that they are interchangeable as far as their
dimensions are concerned. For this purpose, this standard refers in particular to
– the following characteristics of fuses:
ƒ their rated values;
ƒ their insulation;
ƒ their temperature rise in normal service;
ƒ their power dissipation and acceptable power dissipation;
ƒ their time/current characteristics;
ƒ their breaking capacity;
ƒ their cut-off current characteristics and their I t characteristics.
– type test for verification of the characteristics of fuses;
– the marking of fuses.
60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009 – 9 –
1.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60038:1983, IEC standard voltages
IEC 60050(441):1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 441:
Switchgear, controlgear and fuses
Amendment 1 (2000)
IEC 60269-2, Low-voltage fuses – Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by
authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial application) – Examples of standardized
systems of fuses A to I)
IEC 60269-3, Low-voltage fuses – Part 3: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by
unskilled persons (fuses mainly for household or similar application) – Examples of
standardized systems of fuses A to F
IEC 60269-4, Low-voltage fuses – Part 4: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the
protection of semiconductor devices
IEC 60269-5, Low-voltage fuses – Part 5: Guidance for the application of low-voltage fuses
IEC 60364-3:1993, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 3: Assessment of general
characteristics
IEC 60364-5-52:2001, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-52: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Wiring system
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (Code IP)
IEC 60584-1:1995, Thermocouples – Part 1: Reference tables
IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams
IEC 60664-1:2002, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695-2-10:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 1/sheet 0: Glow-
wire test methods – General
IEC 60695-2-11:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 1/sheet 1: Glow-
wire end-product test and guidance
IEC 60695-2-12:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 1/sheet 2: Glow-
wire flammability test on materials
IEC 60695-2-13:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2: Test methods – Section 1/sheet 3: Glow-
wire ignitability test on materials
ISO 3:1973, Preferred numbers – Series of preferred numbers
ISO 478:1974, Paper – Untrimmed stock sizes for the ISO-A series – ISO primary range
ISO 593:1974, Paper – Untrimmed stock size for the ISO-A series – ISO supplementary range
ISO 4046:1978, Paper, board, pulp and related terms – Vocabulary – Bilingual edition
– 10 – 60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
2 Terms and definitions
NOTE For general definitions concerning fuses, see also IEC 60050-441.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1 Fuses and their component parts
2.1.1
fuse
device that by the fusing of one or more of its specially designed and proportioned components
opens the circuit in which it is inserted by breaking the current when this exceeds a given value
for a sufficient time. The fuse comprises all the parts that form the complete device
[IEV 441-18-01]
2.1.2
fuse-holder
combination of the fuse-base with its fuse-carrier
NOTE Where, in this standard, the term "fuse-holder" is used, it covers fuse-bases and/or fuse-carriers, if no
clearer distinction is necessary.
[IEV 441-18-14]
2.1.2.1
fuse-base (fuse-mount)
fixed part of a fuse provided with contacts and terminals
[IEV 441-18-02]
NOTE Where applicable, covers are considered as part of the fuse-base.
2.1.2.2
fuse-carrier
movable part of a fuse designed to carry a fuse-link
[IEV 441-18-13]
2.1.3
fuse-link
part of a fuse including the fuse-element(s), intended to be replaced after the fuse has
operated
[IEV 441-18-09]
2.1.4
fuse-contact
two or more conductive parts designed to ensure circuit continuity between a fuse-link and the
corresponding fuse-holder
2.1.5
fuse-element
part of the fuse-link designed to melt under the action of current exceeding some definite value
for a definite period of time
[IEV 441-18-08]
NOTE The fuse-link may comprise several fuse-elements in parallel.
60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009 – 11 –
2.1.6
indicating device (indicator)
part of a fuse provided to indicate whether the fuse has operated
[IEV 441-18-17]
2.1.7
striker
mechanical device forming part of a fuse-link which, when the fuse operates, releases the
energy required to cause operation of other apparatus or indicators or to provide interlocking
[IEV 441-18-18]
2.1.8
terminal
conductive part of a fuse provided for electric connection to external circuits
NOTE Terminals may be distinguished according to the kind of circuits for which they are intended (for example,
main terminal, earth terminal, etc.) and also according to their design (for example, screw terminal, plug terminal,
etc.).
2.1.9
dummy fuse-link
test fuse-link with defined power dissipation and dimensions
2.1.10
test rig
defined test fuse-base
2.1.11
gauge-piece
additional part of a fuse-base intended to achieve a degree of non-interchangeability
2.1.12
linked fuse-carrier
a fuse-carrier which is mechanically linked to the fuse-base and gives a defined insertion and
withdrawal movement to the fuse-link
[This definition was definition 2.1.12 in IEC 60269-2-1, Section I, which has been withdrawn.]
2.2 General terms
2.2.1
enclosed fuse-link
fuse-link in which the fuse-element(s) is (are) totally enclosed, so that during operation within
its rating it cannot produce any harmful external effects, for example, due to development of an
arc, the release of gas or the ejection of flame or metallic particles
[IEV 441-18-12]
2.2.2
current-limiting fuse-link
fuse-link that during and by its operation in a specified current range, limits the current to a
substantially lower value than the peak value of the prospective current
[IEV 441-18-10]
– 12 – 60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
2.2.3
"g" fuse-link
(full-range breaking-capacity fuse-link, formerly general purpose fuse-link)
current-limiting fuse-link capable of breaking under specified conditions all currents, which
cause melting of the fuse-element up to its rated breaking capacity
2.2.4
"a" fuse-link
(partial-range breaking-capacity fuse-link, formerly back-up fuse-link)
current-limiting fuse-link capable of breaking under specified conditions all currents between
the lowest current indicated on its operating time-current characteristic (k I in Figure 2) and its
2 n
rated breaking capacity
NOTE "a" fuse-links are generally used to provide short-circuit protection. Where protection is required against
over-currents less than k I in Figure 2, they are used in conjunction with another suitable switching device
2 n
designed to interrupt such small overcurrents.
2.2.5
temperatures
2.2.5.1
ambient air temperature
T
a
the temperature of the air surrounding the fuse (at a distance of about 1 m from the fuse or its
enclosure, if any)
2.2.5.2
fluid environment temperature
T
e
temperature of the fluid cooling the fuse-components (contact, terminal, etc.). It is the sum of
the ambient air temperature T and the temperature rise ΔT with respect to the ambient
a e
temperature of the internal fluid in contact with the fuse-components (contact, terminal, etc.) if
the latter is in an enclosure. If it is not in an enclosure, it is assumed that T is equal to T
e a
2.2.5.3
fuse-component temperature
T
fuse-component (contact, terminal, etc.) temperature T is that of the relevant part
2.2.6
overcurrent discrimination
coordination of the relevant characteristics of two or more overcurrent protective devices such
that, on the occurrence of overcurrents within stated limits, the device intended to operate
within these limits does so, while the other(s) do(es) not
2.2.7
fuse system
family of fuses following the same physical design principles with respect to the shape of the
fuse-links, type of contact, etc.
60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009 – 13 –
2.2.8
size
specified set of dimensions of fuses within a fuse system. Each individual size covers a given
range of rated currents for which the specified dimensions of the fuses remain unchanged
2.2.9
homogeneous series of fuse-links
series of fuse-links, within a given size, deviating from each other only in such characteristics
that for a given test, the testing of one or a reduced number of particular fuse-links of that
series may be taken as representative for all the fuse-links of the homogeneous series
NOTE The characteristics by which the fuse-links of a homogeneous series may deviate and details on which of
the fuse-links shall be tested are specified in association with the tests concerned (see Tables 12 and 13).
[IEV 441-18-34, modified]
2.2.10
utilization category (of a fuse-link)
combination of specified requirements related to the conditions in which the fuse-link fulfils its
purpose, selected to represent a characteristic group of practical applications (see 5.7.1)
2.2.11
fuses for use by authorized persons
(formerly called fuses for industrial application)
fuses intended to be used in installations where the fuse-links are accessible to and intended
to be replaced by authorized persons only
NOTE 1 Non-interchangeability and protection against accidental contact with live parts need not necessarily be
ensured by constructional means.
NOTE 2 Authorized person is understood to have the meaning defined for categories BA 4 "instructed" and BA 5
"skilled" in IEC 60364-3.
2.2.12
fuses for use by unskilled persons (formerly called fuses for domestic and similar
applications)
fuses intended to be used in installations where the fuse-links are accessible to, and can be
replaced by, unskilled persons
NOTE For these fuses, protection against direct contact with live parts is recommended and non-interchangeability
may be required, if necessary
2.2.13
non-interchangeability
limitations on shape and/on dimensions with the object of avoiding in a specific fuse-base the
inadvertent use of fuse-links having electrical properties other than those ensuring the desired
degree of protection
[IEV 441-18-33]
___________
Instructed: Persons adequately advised or supervised by skilled persons to enable them to avoid dangers which
electricity may create (operating and maintenance staff).
Skilled: Persons with technical knowledge or sufficient experience to enable them to avoid dangers which
electricity may create (engineers and technicians).
– 14 – 60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
2.3 Characteristic quantities
2.3.1
rating
general term employed to designate the characteristic values that together define the working
conditions upon which the tests are based and for which the equipment is designed
[IEV 441-18-36]
NOTE Rated values usually stated for low-voltage fuses are: voltage, current, breaking capacity, power dissipation
and acceptable power dissipation, and frequency, where applicable. In the case of a.c., rated voltage and rated
current are stated as r.m.s. symmetrical values; in the case of d.c., when ripple is present, the rated voltage is
stated as a mean value, the rated current as an r.m.s. value. The above applies to any value of voltage and current,
if not indicated otherwise.
2.3.2
prospective current (of a circuit and with respect to a fuse)
current that would flow in the circuit if each pole of the fuse were replaced by a conductor of
negligible impedance.
For a.c., the prospective current is expressed by the r.m.s. value of the a.c. component
NOTE The prospective current is the quantity to which the breaking capacity and characteristics of the fuse are
normally referred, e.g. I t and cut-off current characteristics (see 8.5.7).
[IEV 441-17-01 modified]
2.3.3
gates
limiting values within which the characteristics, for example time-current characteristics, are
obtained
2.3.4
breaking capacity of a fuse
value of prospective current that a fuse is capable of breaking at a stated voltage under
prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[IEV 441-17-08 modified]
2.3.5
breaking range
breaking range is a range of prospective currents within which the breaking capacity of a fuse-
link is assured
2.3.6
cut-off current
maximum instantaneous value reached by the current during the breaking operation of a fuse-
link when it operates in such a manner as to prevent the current from reaching the otherwise
attainable maximum
2.3.7
cut-off current characteristic; let-through current characteristic
curve giving the cut-off current as a function of the prospective current under stated conditions
of operation
NOTE In the case of a.c., the values of the cut-off currents are the maximum values which can be reached
whatever the degree of asymmetry. In the case of d.c., the values of the cut-off currents are the maximum values
reached related to the time constants as specified.
[IEV 441-17-14]
60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009 – 15 –
2.3.8
peak withstand current (of a fuse-holder)
value of cut-off current that the fuse-holder can withstand
NOTE The peak withstand current is not less than the highest cut-off current of any fuse-link with which the
fuseholder is intended to be associated.
2.3.9
pre-arcing time; melting time
interval of time between the beginning of a current large enough to cause a break in the fuse-
element(s) and the instant when an arc is initiated
[IEV 441-18-21]
2.3.10
arcing time of a fuse
interval of time between the instant of the initiation of the arc in a fuse and the instant of final
arc extinction in that fuse
[IEV 441-17-37 modified]
2.3.11
operating time; total clearing time
sum of the pre-arcing time and the arcing time
[IEV 441-18-22]
2.3.12
I t; Joule integral
integral of the square of the current over a given time interval:
t
2 2
I t = i dt
∫
t
2 2
NOTE 1 The pre-arcing I t is the I t integral extended over the pre-arcing time of the fuse.
2 2
NOTE 2 The operating I t is the I t integral extended over the operating time of the fuse.
NOTE 3 The energy, in joules, released in 1 Ω of resistance in a circuit protected by a fuse is equal to the value of
2 2
the operating I t expressed in A s.
[IEV 441-18-23]
2.3.13
I t characteristic
2 2 2
curve giving I t values (pre-arcing I t and/or operating I t) as a function of prospective current
under stated conditions of operation
2.3.14
I t zone
2 2
range contained by the minimum pre-arcing I t characteristic and the maximum operating I t
characteristic, under specified conditions
2.3.15
rated current of a fuse-link
I
n
value of current that the fuse-link can carry continuously without deterioration under specified
conditions
– 16 – 60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
2.3.16
time-current characteristic
curve giving the time, e.g. pre-arcing time or operating time as a function of the prospective
current under stated conditions of operation
[IEV 441-17-13]
NOTE For times longer than 0,1 s, for practical purposes the difference between pre-arcing and operating time is
negligible.
2.3.17
time-current zone
range contained by the minimum pre-arcing time-current characteristics and the maximum
operating time-current characteristic, under specified conditions
2.3.18
conventional non-fusing current
I
nf
value of current specified as that which the fuse-link is capable of carrying for a specified time
(conventional time) without melting
[IEV 441-18-27]
2.3.19
conventional fusing current
I
f
value of current specified as that which causes operation of the fuse-link within a specified time
(conventional time)
[IEV 441-18-28]
2.3.20
overload curve of an "a" fuse-link
curve showing the time for which an "a" fuse-link is able to carry the current without
deterioration (see 8.4.3.4 and Figure 2)
2.3.21
power dissipation (in a fuse-link)
power released in a fuse-link carrying a stated value of electric current under prescribed
conditions of use and behaviour
NOTE The prescribed conditions of use and behaviour generally include a constant r.m.s. value of the electric
current after steady-state temperature conditions are reached.
[IEV 441-18-38, modified]
2.3.22
acceptable power dissipation (of a fuse-base or a fuse-holder)
stated value of power dissipation in a fuse-link which a fuse-base or a fuse-holder can accept
under prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[IEV 441-18-39]
2.3.23
recovery voltage
voltage which appears across the terminals of a pole of a fuse after the breaking of the current
NOTE This voltage may be considered in two successive intervals of time, one during which a transient voltage
exists (see 2.3.23.1) followed by a second one during which only the power frequency or d.c. recovery voltage (see
2.3.23.2) exists.
[IEV 441-17-25, modified]
60269-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2009
...
IEC 60269-1 ®
Edition 4.2 2014-06
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1: General requirements
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
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IEC 60269-1 ®
Edition 4.2 2014-06
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1: General requirements
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.120.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-1678-1
IEC 60269-1 ®
Edition 4.2 2014-06
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Low-voltage fuses –
Part 1: General requirements
Fusibles basse tension –
Partie 1: Exigences générales
– 2 – IEC 60269-1:2006
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 General . 8
1.1 Scope and object . 8
1.2 Normative references . 8
2 Terms and definitions . 10
2.1 Fuses and their component parts . 10
2.2 General terms. 11
2.3 Characteristic quantities . 13
3 Conditions for operation in service . 17
3.1 Ambient air temperature (T ) . 17
a
3.2 Altitude . 17
3.3 Atmospheric conditions . 17
3.4 Voltage . 17
3.5 Current . 18
3.6 Frequency, power factor and time constant . 18
3.7 Conditions of installation . 18
3.8 Utilization category . 18
3.9 Discrimination of fuse-links . 18
4 Classification . 18
5 Characteristics of fuses . 18
5.1 Summary of characteristics . 18
5.2 Rated voltage . 19
5.3 Rated current . 20
5.4 Rated frequency (see 6.1 and 6.2) . 20
5.5 Rated power dissipation of a fuse-link and rated acceptable power dissipation
of a fuse-holder . 21
5.6 Limits of time-current characteristics . 21
5.7 Breaking range and breaking capacity . 23
5.8 Cut-off current and I t characteristics . 24
6 Markings. 24
6.1 Markings of fuse-holders . 24
6.2 Markings of fuse-links . 25
6.3 Marking symbols . 25
7 Standard conditions for construction . 25
7.1 Mechanical design . 25
7.2 Insulating properties and suitability for isolation. 26
7.3 Temperature rise, power dissipation of the fuse-link and acceptable power
dissipation of a fuse-holder . 26
7.4 Operation . 28
7.5 Breaking capacity . 28
7.6 Cut-off current characteristic . 29
7.7 I t characteristics . 29
7.8 Overcurrent discrimination selectivity of fuse-links . 30
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
7.9 Protection against electric shock . 30
7.10 Resistance to heat . 32
7.11 Mechanical strength . 32
7.12 Resistance to corrosion . 33
7.13 Resistance to abnormal heat and fire . 33
7.14 Electromagnetic compatibility . 33
8 Tests . 33
8.1 General . 33
8.2 Verification of the insulating properties and of the suitability for isolation . 39
8.3 Verification of temperature rise and power dissipation . 41
8.4 Verification of operation . 44
8.5 Verification of the breaking capacity . 48
8.6 Verification of the cut-off current characteristics . 54
8.7 Verification of I t characteristics and overcurrent discrimination selectivity . 54
8.8 Verification of the degree of protection of enclosures . 55
8.9 Verification of resistance to heat . 55
8.10 Verification of non-deterioration of contacts . 55
8.11 Mechanical and miscellaneous tests . 55
Annex A (informative) Measurement of short-circuit power factor . 68
Annex B (informative) Calculation of pre-arcing I t values for "gG", "gM", “gD” and
“gN” fuse-links and calculation of operating I t values at reduced voltage . 71
Annex C (informative) Calculation of cut-off current-time characteristic . 73
Annex D (informative) Effect of change of ambient temperature and surroundings on
the performance of fuse-links . 77
Annex E (normative) Particular requirements for fuse-bases with screwless-type
terminals for external copper conductors . 78
Figure 1 – Diagram illustrating the means of verification of the time-current
characteristic, using the results of the tests at the "gate" currents (example). 59
Figure 2 – Overload curve and time-current characteristic for "a" fuse-links . 60
Figure 3 – Time current zone for aM fuses. 61
Figure 4 – General presentation of the cut-off characteristics for a series of a.c. fuse-
links . 62
Figure 5 – Typical diagram of the circuit used for breaking capacity test (see 8.5) . 63
Figure 6 – Interpretation of oscillograms taken during the a.c. breaking-capacity tests
(see 8.5.7) . 64
Figure 7 – Interpretation of oscillograms taken during the d.c. breaking-capacity tests
(see 8.5.7) . 65
Figure 8 – Glow-wire and position of the thermocouple . 66
Figure 9 –Test apparatus (example) . 67
Figure A.1 – Determination of circuit-impedance for calculation of power factor in
accordance with method I . 70
Figure C.1 – Cut-off current characteristic as a function of actual pre-arcing time . 76
Figure E.1 – Connecting samples . 83
Figure E.2 – Examples of terminals . 84
– 4 – IEC 60269-1:2006
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
Table 1 – Standard values of a.c. rated voltages for fuses . 19
Table 2 – Conventional time and current for "gG", "gK" and "gM" fuse-links . 22
a
Table 3 – Gates for specified pre-arcing times of "gG", "gK" and "gM" fuse-links . 22
Table 4 – Gates for "aM ' fuse-links (all rated currents) . 23
Table 5 – Temperature rise limits ∆T = (T – T ) for contacts and terminals . 27
a
Table 6 – Maximum arc voltage . 29
Table 7 – Pre-arcing I t values at 0,01 s for "gG" and "gM" fuse-links . 30
Table 8 – Rated impulse withstand voltage . 31
Table 9 – Minimum clearances in air . 31
Table 10 – Minimum creepage distances . 31
Table 11 – Survey of complete tests on fuse-links and number of fuse-links to be tested . 36
Table 12 – Survey of tests on fuse-links of smallest rated current of homogeneous
series and number of fuse-links to be tested . 37
Table 13 – Survey of tests on fuse-links of rated currents between the largest and the
smallest rated current of a homogeneous series and number of fuse-links to be tested . 38
Table 14 – Survey of complete tests on fuse-holders and number of fuse-holders to be
tested . 38
Table 15 – Test voltage . 40
Table 16 – Test voltage across the poles for the verification of the suitability for isolation . 41
Table 17 – Cross-sectional area of copper conductors for tests corresponding to
Subclauses 8.3 and 8.4 . 43
Table 18 – Cross-section areas of the copper conductors for the test of “aM” fuses . 46
Table 19 – Table for test in Subclause 8.4.3.5 . 47
Table 20 – Values for breaking-capacity tests on a.c. fuses . 50
Table 21 – Values for breaking capacity tests on d.c. fuses . 51
Table 22 – Preferred values of d.c. rated voltages for fuses . 20
Table E.1 – Connectable conductors . 80
Table E.2 – Cross-sections of copper conductors connectable to terminals . 80
Table E.3 – Pull forces . 82
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES –
Part 1: General requirements
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendments has been
prepared for user convenience.
IEC 60269-1 edition 4.2 contains the fourth edition (2006-11) [documents 32B/483/FDIS
and 32B/490/RVD], its amendment 1 (2009-04) [documents 32B/534/FDIS and 32B/540/
RVD] and its amendment 2 (2014-06) [documents 32B/626/FDIS and 32B/628/RVD].
In this Redline version, a vertical line in the margin shows where the technical content
is modified by amendments 1 and 2. Additions and deletions are displayed in red, with
deletions being struck through. A separate Final version with all changes accepted is
available in this publication.
– 6 – IEC 60269-1:2006
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
International Standard IEC 60269-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 32B: Low-voltage
fuses, of IEC technical committee 32: Fuses.
IEC 60269 consists of the following parts, under the general title Low-voltage fuses:
Part 1: General requirements
NOTE This part includes IEC 60269-1 (third edition, 1998) and parts of IEC 60269-2 (second edition,
1986) and IEC 60269-3 (second edition, 1987).
Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for
industrial application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to I
NOTE This part includes parts of IEC 60269-2 (second edition, 1986) and all of IEC 60269-2-1 (fourth
edition, 2004).
Part 3: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by unskilled persons (fuses mainly for
household or similar application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to F
NOTE This part includes parts of IEC 60269-3 (second edition, 1987) and all of IEC 60269-3-1 (second
edition, 2004).
Part 4: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the protection of semiconductor devices
NOTE This part includes IEC 60269-4 (third edition, 1986) and IEC 60269-4-1 (first edition, 2002).
Part 5: Guidance for the application of low-voltage fuses
NOTE Currently IEC/TR 61818 (2003).
Part 6: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the protection of solar photovoltaic
energy systems
For reasons of convenience, when a part of this publication has come from other publications,
a remark to this effect has been inserted in the text.
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The “colour inside” logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this publication using a colour printer.
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
INTRODUCTION
A reorganization of the different parts of the IEC 60269 series has been carried out, in order to
simplify its use, especially by the laboratories which test the fuses.
IEC 60269-1, IEC 60269-2, IEC 60269-3 and IEC 60269-3-1 have been integrated into either
the new part 1 or the new parts 2 or 3, according to the subjects considered, so that the
clauses which deal exclusively with “fuses for authorized persons” are separated from the
clauses dealing with “fuses for unauthorized persons”.
As far as IEC 60269-4 and IEC 60269-4-1 are concerned, they have been integrated into the
new part 4 which deals with the fuse-links used for semiconductor protection.
– 8 – IEC 60269-1:2006
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
LOW-VOLTAGE FUSES –
Part 1: General requirements
1 General
1.1 Scope and object
This part of IEC 60269 is applicable to fuses incorporating enclosed current-limiting fuse-links
with rated breaking capacities of not less than 6 kA, intended for protecting power-frequency
a.c. circuits of nominal voltages not exceeding 1 000 V or d.c. circuits of nominal voltages not
exceeding 1 500 V.
Subsequent parts of this standard, referred to herein, cover supplementary requirements for
such fuses intended for specific conditions of use or applications.
Fuse-links intended to be included in fuse-switch combinations according to IEC 60947-3
should also comply with the following requirements.
NOTE 1 For "a" fuse-links, details of performance (see 2.2.4) on d.c. circuits should be subject to agreement
between user and manufacturer.
NOTE 2 Modifications of, and supplements to, this standard required for certain types of fuses for particular
applications – for example, certain fuses for rolling stock, or fuses for high-frequency circuits – will be covered, if
necessary, by separate standards.
NOTE 3 This standard does not apply to miniature fuses, these being covered by IEC 60127.
The object of this standard is to establish the characteristics of fuses or parts of fuses (fuse-
base, fuse-carrier, fuse-link) in such a way that they can be replaced by other fuses or parts of
fuses having the same characteristics provided that they are interchangeable as far as their
dimensions are concerned. For this purpose, this standard refers in particular to
– the following characteristics of fuses:
their rated values;
their insulation;
their temperature rise in normal service;
their power dissipation and acceptable power dissipation;
their time/current characteristics;
their breaking capacity;
their cut-off current characteristics and their I t characteristics.
– type test for verification of the characteristics of fuses;
– the marking of fuses.
1.2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60038:1983, IEC standard voltages
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
IEC 60050(441):1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 441:
Switchgear, controlgear and fuses
Amendment 1 (2000)
IEC 60228:2004, Conductors of insulated cables
IEC 60269-2, Low-voltage fuses – Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by
authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial application) – Examples of standardized
systems of fuses A to I)
IEC 60269-3, Low-voltage fuses – Part 3: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by
unskilled persons (fuses mainly for household or similar application) – Examples of
standardized systems of fuses A to F
IEC 60269-4, Low-voltage fuses – Part 4: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the
protection of semiconductor devices
IEC 60269-5, Low-voltage fuses – Part 5: Guidance for the application of low-voltage fuses
IEC 60269-6, Low-voltage fuses – Part 6: Supplementary requirements for fuse-links for the
protection of solar photovoltaic energy systems
IEC 60364-3:1993, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 3: Assessment of general
characteristics
IEC 60364-5-52:2001, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-52: Selection and erection
of electrical equipment – Wiring system
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (Code IP)
IEC 60584-1:1995, Thermocouples – Part 1: Reference tables
IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams
IEC 60664-1:2002, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC 60695-2-1/0:1994 60695-2-10, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-10: Test methods – Section
1/sheet 0: Glow-wire test methods – General Glowing/hot-wire based test methods – Glow-
wire apparatus and common test procedure
IEC 60695-2-1/1:1994 60695-2-11:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-11: Test methods –
Section 1/sheet 1: Glow-wire end-product test and guidance Glowing/hot-wire based test
methods – Glow-wire flammability test method for end-products
IEC 60695-2-1/2:1994 60695-2-12:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-12: Test methods –
Section 1/sheet 2: Glow-wire flammability test on materials Glowing/hot-wire based test
methods – Glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) test method for materials
IEC 60695-2-1/3:1994 60695-2-13:2000, Fire hazard testing – Part 2-13: Test methods –
Section 1/sheet 3: Glow-wire ignitability test on materials Glowing/hot-wire based test
methods – Glow-wire ignition temperature (GWIT) test method for materials
ISO 3:1973, Preferred numbers – Series of preferred numbers
ISO 478:1974, Paper – Untrimmed stock sizes for the ISO-A series – ISO primary range
– 10 – IEC 60269-1:2006
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
ISO 593:1974, Paper – Untrimmed stock size for the ISO-A series – ISO supplementary range
ISO 4046:1978, Paper, board, pulp and related terms – Vocabulary – Bilingual edition
2 Terms and definitions
NOTE For general definitions concerning fuses, see also IEC 60050-441.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1 Fuses and their component parts
2.1.1
fuse
device that by the fusing of one or more of its specially designed and proportioned components
opens the circuit in which it is inserted by breaking the current when this exceeds a given value
for a sufficient time. The fuse comprises all the parts that form the complete device
[IEV 441-18-01]
2.1.2
fuse-holder
combination of the fuse-base with its fuse-carrier
NOTE Where, in this standard, the term "fuse-holder" is used, it covers fuse-bases and/or fuse-carriers, if no
clearer distinction is necessary.
[IEV 441-18-14]
2.1.2.1
fuse-base (fuse-mount)
fixed part of a fuse provided with contacts and terminals
[IEV 441-18-02]
NOTE Where applicable, covers are considered as part of the fuse-base.
2.1.2.2
fuse-carrier
movable part of a fuse designed to carry a fuse-link
[IEV 441-18-13]
2.1.3
fuse-link
part of a fuse including the fuse-element(s), intended to be replaced after the fuse has
operated
[IEV 441-18-09]
2.1.4
fuse-contact
two or more conductive parts designed to ensure circuit continuity between a fuse-link and the
corresponding fuse-holder
2.1.5
fuse-element
part of the fuse-link designed to melt under the action of current exceeding some definite value
for a definite period of time
[IEV 441-18-08]
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
NOTE The fuse-link may comprise several fuse-elements in parallel.
2.1.6
indicating device (indicator)
part of a fuse provided to indicate whether the fuse has operated
[IEV 441-18-17]
2.1.7
striker
mechanical device forming part of a fuse-link which, when the fuse operates, releases the
energy required to cause operation of other apparatus or indicators or to provide interlocking
[IEV 441-18-18]
2.1.8
terminal
conductive part of a fuse provided for electric connection to external circuits
NOTE Terminals may be distinguished according to the kind of circuits for which they are intended (for example,
main terminal, earth terminal, etc.) and also according to their design (for example, screw terminal, plug terminal,
etc.).
2.1.9
dummy fuse-link
test fuse-link with defined power dissipation and dimensions
2.1.10
test rig
defined test fuse-base
2.1.11
gauge-piece
additional part of a fuse-base intended to achieve a degree of non-interchangeability
2.1.12
linked fuse-carrier
a fuse-carrier which is mechanically linked to the fuse-base and gives a defined insertion and
withdrawal movement to the fuse-link
[This definition was definition 2.1.12 in IEC 60269-2-1, Section I, which has been withdrawn.]
2.2 General terms
2.2.1
enclosed fuse-link
fuse-link in which the fuse-element(s) is (are) totally enclosed, so that during operation within
its rating it cannot produce any harmful external effects, for example, due to development of an
arc, the release of gas or the ejection of flame or metallic particles
[IEV 441-18-12]
2.2.2
current-limiting fuse-link
fuse-link that during and by its operation in a specified current range, limits the current to a
substantially lower value than the peak value of the prospective current
[IEV 441-18-10]
– 12 – IEC 60269-1:2006
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
2.2.3
"g" fuse-link
(full-range breaking-capacity fuse-link, formerly general purpose fuse-link)
current-limiting fuse-link capable of breaking under specified conditions all currents, which
cause melting of the fuse-element up to its rated breaking capacity
2.2.4
"a" fuse-link
(partial-range breaking-capacity fuse-link, formerly back-up fuse-link)
current-limiting fuse-link capable of breaking under specified conditions all currents between
the lowest current indicated on its operating time-current characteristic (k I in Figure 2) and its
2 n
rated breaking capacity
NOTE "a" fuse-links are generally used to provide short-circuit protection. Where protection is required against
over-currents less than k I in Figure 2, they are used in conjunction with another suitable switching device
2 n
designed to interrupt such small overcurrents.
2.2.5
temperatures
2.2.5.1
ambient air temperature
T
a
the temperature of the air surrounding the fuse (at a distance of about 1 m from the fuse or its
enclosure, if any)
2.2.5.2
fluid environment temperature
T
e
temperature of the fluid cooling the fuse-components (contact, terminal, etc.). It is the sum of
the ambient air temperature T and the temperature rise ∆T with respect to the ambient
a e
temperature of the internal fluid in contact with the fuse-components (contact, terminal, etc.) if
the latter is in an enclosure. If it is not in an enclosure, it is assumed that T is equal to T
e a
2.2.5.3
fuse-component temperature
T
fuse-component (contact, terminal, etc.) temperature T is that of the relevant part
2.2.6
overcurrent discrimination
coordination of the relevant characteristics of two or more overcurrent protective devices such
that, on the occurrence of overcurrents within stated limits, the device intended to operate
within these limits does so, while the other(s) do(es) not
2.2.7
fuse system
family of fuses following the same physical design principles with respect to the shape of the
fuse-links, type of contact, etc.
2.2.8
size
specified set of dimensions of fuses within a fuse system. Each individual size covers a given
range of rated currents for which the specified dimensions of the fuses remain unchanged
2.2.9
homogeneous series of fuse-links
series of fuse-links, within a given size, deviating from each other only in such characteristics
that for a given test, the testing of one or a reduced number of particular fuse-links of that
series may be taken as representative for all the fuse-links of the homogeneous series
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
NOTE The characteristics by which the fuse-links of a homogeneous series may deviate and details on which of
the fuse-links shall be tested are specified in association with the tests concerned (see Tables 12 and 13).
[IEV 441-18-34, modified]
2.2.10
utilization category (of a fuse-link)
combination of specified requirements related to the conditions in which the fuse-link fulfils its
purpose, selected to represent a characteristic group of practical applications (see 5.7.1)
2.2.11
fuses for use by authorized persons
(formerly called fuses for industrial application)
fuses intended to be used in installations where the fuse-links are accessible to and intended
to be replaced by authorized persons only
NOTE 1 Non-interchangeability and protection against accidental contact with live parts need not necessarily be
ensured by constructional means.
NOTE 2 Authorized person is understood to have the meaning defined for categories BA 4 "instructed" and BA 5
"skilled" in IEC 60364-3.
2.2.12
fuses for use by unskilled persons (formerly called fuses for domestic and similar
applications)
fuses intended to be used in installations where the fuse-links are accessible to, and can be
replaced by, unskilled persons
NOTE For these fuses, protection against direct contact with live parts is recommended and non-interchangeability
may be required, if necessary
2.2.13
non-interchangeability
limitations on shape and/on dimensions with the object of avoiding in a specific fuse-base the
inadvertent use of fuse-links having electrical properties other than those ensuring the desired
degree of protection
[IEV 441-18-33]
2.3 Characteristic quantities
2.3.1
rating
general term employed to designate the characteristic values that together define the working
conditions upon which the tests are based and for which the equipment is designed
[IEV 441-18-36]
NOTE Rated values usually stated for low-voltage fuses are: voltage, current, breaking capacity, power dissipation
and acceptable power dissipation, and frequency, where applicable. In the case of a.c., rated voltage and rated
current are stated as r.m.s. symmetrical values; in the case of d.c., when ripple is present, the rated voltage is
stated as a mean value, the rated current as an r.m.s. value. The above applies to any value of voltage and current,
if not indicated otherwise.
2.3.2
prospective current (of a circuit and with respect to a fuse)
current that would flow in the circuit if each pole of the fuse were replaced by a conductor of
negligible impedance.
___________
Instructed: Persons adequately advised or supervised by skilled persons to enable them to avoid dangers which
electricity may create (operating and maintenance staff).
Skilled: Persons with technical knowledge or sufficient experience to enable them to avoid dangers which
electricity may create (engineers and technicians).
– 14 – IEC 60269-1:2006
+AMD1:2009+AMD2:2014 CSV IEC 2014
For a.c., the prospective current is expressed by the r.m.s. value of the a.c. component
NOTE The prospective current is the quantity to which the breaking capacity and characteristics of the fuse are
normally referred, e.g. I t and cut-off current characteristics (see 8.5.7).
[IEV 441-17-01 modified]
2.3.3
gates
limiting values within which the characteristics, for example time-current characteristics, are
obtained
2.3.4
breaking capacity of a fuse
value of prospective current that a fuse is capable of breaking at a stated voltage under
prescribed conditions of use and behaviour
[IEV 441-17-08 modified]
2.3.5
breaking range
breaking range is a range of prospective currents within which the breaking capacity of a fuse-
link is assured
2.3.6
cut-off current
maximum instantaneous value reached by the current during the breaking operation of a fuse-
link when it operates in such a manner as to prevent the current from reaching the otherwise
attainable maximum
2.3.7
cut-off current characteristic; let-through current characteristic
curve giving the cut-off current as a function of the prospective current under stated conditions
of operation
NOTE In the case of a.c., the values of the cut-off currents are the maximum values which can be reached
whatever the degree of asymmetry. In the case of d.c., the values of the cut-off currents are the maximum values
reached related to the time constants as specified.
[IEV 441-17-14]
2.3.8
peak withstand current (of a fuse-holder)
value of cut-off current that the fuse-holder can withstand
NOTE The peak withstand current is not less than the highest cut-off current of any fuse-link with which the
fuseholder is intended to be associated.
2.3.9
pre-arcing time; melting time
interval of time between the beginning of a current large enough to cause a break in the fuse-
element(s) and the instant when an arc is initiated
[IEV 441-18-21]
2.3.10
arcing time of a fuse
interval of time between the instant of the initi
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