IEC 60183:2015

IEC 60183 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Guidance for the selection of high-voltage A.C. cable systems

Lignes directrices pour le choix de systèmes de câbles à haute tension en
courant alternatif
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IEC 60183 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Guidance for the selection of high-voltage A.C. cable systems

Lignes directrices pour le choix de systèmes de câbles à haute tension en

courant alternatif
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-2181-5

– 2 – IEC 60183:2015 © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
3.1 Voltages pertaining to the cable and its accessories . 6
3.2 Voltages pertaining to the system on which cables and accessories are to be
used . 6
4 Service conditions . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Operating conditions . 7
4.3 Installation data . 8
4.3.1 General . 8
4.3.2 Underground cables . 8
4.3.3 Cables in air . 9
4.3.4 Cables in water . 9
5 Cable insulation levels . 9
5.1 Introductory remark . 9
5.2 System categories . 9
5.3 Selection of U . 10
m
5.4 Selection of U . 10
p
6 Selection of the conductor size . 10
7 Accessories . 10
7.1 General . 10
7.2 Terminations . 11
7.2.1 General . 11
7.2.2 Atmospheric pollution . 11
7.2.3 Altitude . 11
7.3 Joints . 11
8 Environmental aspects . 11
Annex A (informative) System monitoring . 14
Bibliography . 15

Table 1 – Relationship between U /U and (U ) and impulse voltages . 13
0 m
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
GUIDANCE FOR THE SELECTION OF
HIGH-VOLTAGE A.C. CABLE SYSTEMS

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60183 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 20: Electric
cables.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 1984, and its
Amendment 1 (1990) and constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
– the scope has been changed to a.c. high-voltage cables and cable systems;
– guidance relates to cables with extruded insulation;
– submarine cables are not covered but cables laid in water are covered;
– operation of systems with special bonding of the screen is covered;
– there is guidance on accessories;
– environmental aspects are addressed.

– 4 – IEC 60183:2015 © IEC 2015
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
20/1530/FDIS 20/1558/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
GUIDANCE FOR THE SELECTION OF
HIGH-VOLTAGE A.C. CABLE SYSTEMS

1 Scope
This International Standard is intended to give guidance in the selection of a.c. high-voltage
cables and cable systems with extruded insulation and mainly to be used on three-phase
alternating systems operating at voltages exceeding U = 1 kV (in this standard the term ‘high
voltage’ is used to cover any cable above 1 kV). Submarine cables are not included in the
scope.
Guidance is given in the selection of the conductor size, insulation level and constructional
requirements of cable to be used. In addition, information necessary to enable the appropriate
selection to be made is summarized.
Paper insulated power cables are not considered in this standard for their selection into cable
systems. However, when selecting cables with extruded insulation to be connected together
with existing paper insulated cables, particular consideration for their proper compatibility,
accessories and operational characteristics should be made.
Environmental aspects are mentioned at the level at which they may influence the selection of
high-voltage cables and their application.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60071-1:2006, Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules
Amendment 1:2010
IEC 60228, Conductors of insulated cables
IEC 60287 (all parts), Electric cables – Calculation of the current rating
IEC 60287-1-1:2006, Electric cables – Calculation of the current rating – Part 1-1: Current
rating equations (100 % load factor) and calculation of losses – General
IEC 60287-3-1, Electric cables – Calculation of the current rating – Part 3-1: Sections on
operating conditions – Reference operating conditions and selection of cable type
IEC 60287-3-2, Electric cables – Calculation of the current rating – Part 3-2: Sections on
operating conditions – Economic optimization of power cable size
IEC 60502, Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages
from 1 kV (U = 1,2 kV) up to 30 kV (U = 36 kV)
m m
IEC 60840, Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages
= 36 kV) up to 150 kV (U = 170 kV) – Test methods and requirements
above 30 kV (U
m m
– 6 – IEC 60183:2015 © IEC 2015
IEC 62067, Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages
above 150 kV (U = 170 kV) up to 500 kV (U = 550 kV) – Test methods and requirements
m m
IEC TS 60815-1, Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in
polluted conditions – Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles
IEC 62271-209, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 209: Cable connections for
gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages above 52 kV – Fluid-filled and
extruded insulation cables – Fluid-filled and dry-type cable terminations
ISO 14000, Environmental management
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Voltages pertaining to the cable and its accessories
NOTE Cables will henceforth be designated by U /U (U ) to provide guidance on compatibility with switchgear
0 m
and transformers. Table 1 gives this information.
3.1.1
rated voltage
U
rated r.m.s. power-frequency voltage between each conductor and screen or sheath for which
cables and accessories are designed
3.1.2
rated voltage between conductors
U
rated r.m.s. power-frequency voltage between any two conductors for which cables and
accessories are designed
Note 1 to entry: This quantity only affects the design of non-radial field cables and accessories.
3.1.3
highest system voltage
U
m
maximum r.m.s. power-frequency voltage between any two conductors for which cables and
accessories are designed
Note 1 to entry: It is the highest voltage that can be sustained under normal operating conditions at any time and
at any point in a system and excludes temporary voltage variations due to fault conditions and the sudden
disconnection of large loads.
3.1.4
peak impulse voltage
U
p
peak value of the lightning impulse withstand voltage (and switching, where applicable)
between each conductor and screen or sheath for which cables and accessories are designed
3.2 Voltages pertaining to the system on which cables and accessories are to be
used
3.2.1
nominal voltage of system
r.m.s. phase-to-phase voltage by which the system is designated and to which certain
operating characteristics of the system are related

3.2.2
highest voltage of three-phase system
highest r.m.s. phase-to-phase voltage which occurs under normal operating conditions at any
time and at any point in the system
Note 1 to entry: It excludes voltage transients (such as those due to system switching) and temporary voltage
variation due to abnormal system conditions (such as those due to fault conditions or sudden disconnection of
large loads).
3.2.3
lightning overvoltage
phase-to-earth or phase-to-phase overvoltage at a given location in a system due to a
lightning discharge or other cause, the wave-shape of which can be regarded, for insulation
co-ordination purposes, as similar to the standard impulse
Note 1 to entry: See 3.18.3 of IEC 60071-1:2006 and IEC 60071-1:2006/AMD1:2010 used for lightning impulse
withstand tests.
Note 2 to entry: Such overvoltages are usually unidirectional and of very short duration.
3.2.4
switching overvoltage
phase-to-earth or phase-to-phase overvoltage at a given location in a system due to a
switching operation in a system, the wave-shape of which can be regarded, for insulation co-
ordination purpose, as similar to the standard impulse
Note 1 to entry: See 3.18.2 of IEC 60071-1:2006 and IEC 60071-1:2006/AMD1:2010 used for switching impulse
withstand tests.
4 Service conditions
4.1 General
To determine the appropriate design of cable system for a particular project, the following
information with regard to service conditions is required. Reference should be made to the
relevant IEC publications which deal with many of the following service conditions.
4.2 Operating conditions
The following operation conditions apply:
a) Nominal voltage of the system.
b) Highest voltage of the three-phase system.
c) Lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage for higher (U ≥300 kV) voltage systems
m
(see Table 1).
d) System frequency.
e) Type of earthing and, where the neutral is not effectively earthed, the maximum permitted
duration of earth fault conditions on any one occasion and the total duration per year.
f) Screen bonding.
For single-core cables, the current-carrying capability depends largely on the screen
bonding technique.
Special bonding (single point bonding or cross-bonding) is generally used where bulk
transmission has to be achieved, since the amount of losses in metal screens is
significantly reduced, compared to solid bonding (see 2.3 of IEC 60287-1-1:2006).
However they require special equipments such as surge voltage limiters (to protect cable
sheaths and accessories from transient overvoltages) or earth continuity conductor to be
laid along the cable route.
g) Where terminals are specified, the environmental conditions shall be given, for example:

– 8 – IEC 60183:2015 © IEC 2015
– the altitude above sea level, if above 1 000 m;
– indoor or outdoor installation;
– whether excessive atmospheric pollution is expected; according to IEC TS 60815-1;
– termination in SF switchgear; transformer or metal-clad system, with orientation;
following IEC 62271-209;
– design clearance and insulation used in the method for connecting cable to equipment,
for example transformers, switchgear, motors, etc. For example, clearance and
surrounding insulation should be specified.
h) Maximum rated current:
– for continuous operation;
– for cyclic operation;
– for emergency or overload operation, if any, without exceeding maximum allowed cable
temperature.
A load curve is essential if cyclic loading or emergency or overload operation is
considered when determining conductor size.
i) The expected symmetrical and asymmetrical short-circuit currents which may flow in case
of short-circuits, both between phases and to earth.
j) Maximum time for which short-circuit currents may flow.
k) Possible operation with forced cooling.
4.3 Installation data
4.3.1 General
The following details apply:
a) Length and profile of route.
b) Details of laying arrangements (e.g. flat or trefoil arrangement) and how the metallic
coverings are connected to each other and to earth.
c) Special laying conditions, for example cables in water. Individual installations require
special consideration.
4.3.2 Underground cables
The following details apply:
a) Typical ambient temperatures over the year (see IEC 60287-3-1).
b) Details of installation conditions (e.g. direct burial, in ducts, mechanical laying, etc.) to
enable decisions to be taken on composition of metallic screen or sheath, type of armour
(if required) and type of serving, for example anti-corrosion or anti-termite.
c) Depth of laying.
d) Thermal resistivities and kinds of soil along the route (e.g. sand, clay, made-up ground,
special backfill), and whether this information is based on measurement and inspection or
only assumed. Meteorological data to evaluate risk of soil drying (see IEC 60287 series).
e) Minimum, maximum and average ground temperature at the depth of burial.
f) Proximity of other load-carrying cables (especially where the link involves several parallel
circuits) or of other heat sources, with details.
g) Lengths of troughs, ducts or pipe lines, with spacing of manholes, if any.
h) Details of ductbanks, if any: number of ducts or pipes. Internal diameter of ducts and
pipes. Spacing between individual ducts and pipes, if more than one. Material of ducts or
pipes.
i) Risk for water ingress and corrosion (the right cable design shall be chosen).

4.3.3 Cables in air
The following details apply:
a) Minimum, maximum and average ambient air temperature to be assumed.
b) Type of installation (e.g. direct laying on walls, racks, on poles, boxes, possibly water
filled, etc. grouping of cables, dimensions of the tunnels, ducts, vertical shafts etc.).
c) Details of ventilation (for cables indoors, in tunnels or ducts).
d) Whether exposed to direct sunlight or having sun shield.
e) Special conditions, for example fire risk or flame spread, harmful gases and smoke.
4.3.4 Cables in water
The following details apply:
a) Water depth and currents.
b) Installation and laying technique.
c) Risk for mechanical damage during service from fishing equipment, ice, abrasion etc.
(need for armouring, fastening and trenching).
d) How to fasten, protect and install the cable where it comes ashore (clamping, trenching,
tubing, need for armouring etc.).
e) Risk for water ingress and corrosion (the right cable design must be chosen).
5 Cable insulation levels
5.1 Introductory remark
The rated voltage of the cable for a given application shall be suitable for the operating
conditions in the system in which the cable is used. To facilitate the selection of the cable,
systems are divided into three categories according to the duration of time the system can be
operated under earth fault conditions.
5.2 System categories
The following details apply:
– Category A
This category comprises those systems in which any phase conductor that comes in
contact with earth or an earth conductor is disconnected from the system within 1 min.
– Category B
This category comprises those systems, which, under fault conditions, are operated for a
short time only with one phase earthed. This period should, in general, not exceed 1 h, but
a longer period can be tolerated as specified in the relevant cable standard.
– Category C
This category comprises all systems which do not fall into category A or B.
Reference should be made to the relevant cable standards choosing, for example, between
those listed in Clause 2.
In a system where an earth fault is not automatically and promptly isolated, the extra stresses
on the insulation of cables during the earth fault reduce the life of the cables to a certain
degree. If the system is expected to be operated fairly often with a permanent earth fault, it is
advisable to classify the system in category C.

– 10 – IEC 60183:2015 © IEC 2015
5.3 Selection of U
m
U should be chosen not less than the highest voltage of the three-phase system as defined
m
in 3.2.2
5.4 Selection of U
p
The value of U chosen should not be less than the lightning impulse withstand voltage (and
p
switching, where applicable) selected from IEC 60071-1 in accordance with the line insulation
levels, the system protective levels, the surge impedance of the overhead lines and the
cables, the length of cables and the distance of the flashover point from terminal.
6 Selection of the conductor size
The conductor size should be chosen from one of the standard sizes given in the relevant
standard for cable construction. Where a standard does not exist for the type of cable to be
used, the conductor size should be selected from one of the standard sizes for class 2
conductors given in IEC 60228.
In the selection of conductor size, the following factors should be taken into account:
a) The maximum allowed temperature in the cable under the normal operation (see 4.2 h)
and short-circuit conditions.
NOTE The IEC 60287 and IEC 60853 series give details of calculation procedures for different load
conditions.
b) Mechanical loads imposed on the cable during installation and in service.
c) The electrical stress at the surface of the insulation (especially for accessories). A small
diameter conductor arising from the use of a small cross-sectional area or a thin
insulation may result in unacceptably high electric stress in the insulation.
d) Economical optimization of the cable taking into consideration the initial investment costs
and the future costs of energy losses during the life of the cable (see IEC 60287-3-2).
e) For cables with very large conductor cross sections (S >1 600 mm ) used for bulk power
transmission, the most appropriate conductor shall be selected by taking into
consideration suitable values of skin and proximity effects. Furthermore, appropriate a.c.
measurements should be performed to confirm calculated resistance values.
7 Accessories
7.1 General
The design of accessories depends upon the values of the required power-frequency and
impulse withstand voltages (which may be different from those required for the cable).
Insulation levels for power frequency and impulse voltages will be chosen after consideration
of the factors given in Clause 5 and 7.2.2.
The accessories shall withstand all mechanical and electrodynamic forces that can occur
during normal operation and short-circuit currents. Special attention shall be taken for
connectors, clamping and systems to restrain thermo mechanical stresses.
Accessories designed for U above 1 kV and up to 36 kV shall be tested in accordance with
m
the requirements in IEC 60502.
Accessories designed for U above 36 kV shall be tested in accordance with the
m
requirements in IEC 60840 and IEC 62067 as appropriate for the voltage level of the cable
system.
The quality and performance of any new link or replaced joints and terminations are highly
dependent on the skills, competence and workmanship of the jointers who ensure the proper
installation of these accessories under field conditions.
Systematic and compulsory training is required by all high-voltage jointers to acquire and
confirm the necessary skills.
7.2 Terminations
7.2.1 General
The design of terminations depends upon the degree of exposure to atmospheric pollution
(see IEC TS 60815-1) and the altitude at the position of the termination.
7.2.2 Atmospheric pollution
The degree of exposure to atmospheric pollution determines the minimum creepage distances
and the type of insulators to be used for cable sealing ends.
7.2.3 Altitude
The air density at high altitude is lower than at sea level. The electric strength of the air is
thus reduced, and air clearances which are adequate at sea level may be insufficient at higher
altitudes. The puncture strength and oil flashover values of terminations are not affected by
altitude. Terminations capable of complying with the required impulse withstand test under
standard atmospheric conditions are suitable for use at any altitude below 1 000 m. In order
to ensure that the requirement is met at higher altitudes, the air clearances normally specified
should be increased by a suitable amount.
7.3 Joints
The design of the joint determines the type of conductor joint that will be used. Which type of
joint, pre-molded, pre-fabricated, taped or field molded, shall be used depends on the laying
conditions, time for installation, mechanical/electrical/economical properties and material
compatibility.
Special designs are used for cross bonding systems.
8 Environmental aspects
Consideration of environmental aspects related to execution of a planned high-voltage cable
connection should be made at early stage of system definition. Defined particular
requirements should then be made available for designers from the initial phase of both
system and product design to promote appropriate selections to be made.
Environmental aspects may cover, but are not limited to, the following items:
– choice of a high-voltage system general design principle in relation to the system location
in environment, like its effects to the landscape and population in the vicinity, to
operational safety (normal/fault condition), security against atmospheric influences and
also in relation to acceptable fault localization and reparation time in case of a fault and
impact during installation;
– information about international, regional or national regulated substances so that those for
which restrictions apply, can be avoided or reduced to a minimum within all parts and
components of cable;
– avoidance of hazardous raw materials in production (e.g. use of lead), or in constructional
parts where alternative technical solutions already exist or where they are not needed in
order to achieve the required product performance;

– 12 – IEC 60183:2015 © IEC 2015
– optimization of material consumption in product and system design by avoiding pure
mechanical over sizing related to operation environment conditions (e.g. need of an
armour is decided in relation to real risk of an external failure instead of tradition);
– product information availability related to option to recycle used materials after their
completed life time, either for further re-use or for energy waste processing without
hazardous substances;
– option to use recyclable delivery materials, like returnable or recyclable cable drums and
accessory packages;
– reference to an environmental management system, e.g. ISO 14000, in component and
system production requirements.

Table 1 – Relationship between U /U and (U ) and impulse voltages
0 m
Rated voltage Nominal system Highest voltage Lightning impulse Switching impulse
of cables and voltage for equipment voltage for voltage for
accessories equipment equipment
U U U U U
0 m p p
kV kV kV kV kV
1,8 3 3,6 40
3 3 3,6 40
3,6 6 7,2 60
6 6 7,2 60
6 10 12 75
8,7 10 12 75
8,7 15 17,5 95
12 20 24 125
18 30 33 36 170
26 45 47 52 250
36 60 66 69 72,5 325
64 110 115 123 550
76 132 138 145 650
87 150 161 170 750
127 220 230 245 1 050
160 275 287 300 1 050 850
190 330 345 362 1 175 950
220 380 400 420 1 425 1 050
290 500 550 1 550 1 175
430 700 750 800 2 100 1 550
Other voltage levels may be used. For such systems, the values of U, U , U together with
0 m
impulse voltages should be clearly given, for instance 52/90 (100) – lightning impulse 450 kV.

– 14 – IEC 60183:2015 © IEC 2015
Annex A
(informative)
System monitoring
A high-voltage cable line may be monitored mainly for two purposes:
– for optimal or maximum applicable current-carrying capacity by measuring cable
temperature along cable route;
– for cable system insulation condition investigation by PD measurements.
Cable temperature measurement may be executed by an optical fibre situated inside a cable
construction, for example in the cable metallic screen area and by using a monitoring
computer with applicable software to read cable line temperature profile. The requirement for
a cable temperature monitoring facility, if an optical fibre is integrated into the cable
construction, shall be particularly specified in the technical requirements for the cable type to
be ordered. Decision about taking such an integrated temperature measurement optical fibre
in actual operational use may be made at the initial stage, or it may be delayed for future
needs.
The cable and cable system insulation condition may be monitored by using partial discharge
(PD) measurement technology to reveal a local defect. For cable system monitoring purposes,
results of an initial PD measurement is needed for a basic point. Results of further
measurements should be compared to initial results to see if essential changes have occurred.
An initial system PD measurement made directly after installation may not only give a basic
value for further measurements, but also give an indication of the level of completed
installation.
Need for a system monitoring either for the most optimal current-carrying capacity or for cable
system condition investigations by system PD measurements should be defined from the point
of importance of the cable line.

Bibliography
IEC 60853 (all parts), Calculation of the cyclic and emergency current rating of cables
IEC TR 62602, Conductors of insulated cables – Data for AWG and KCMIL sizes

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– 16 – IEC 60183:2015 © IEC 2015
SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS . 17
1 Domaine d'application . 19
2 Références normatives . 19
3 Termes et définitions . 20
3.1 Tensions propres du câble et de ses accessoires . 20
3.2 Tensions propres au réseau sur lequel le câble et ses accessoires doivent
être utilisés . 21
4 Conditions de service . 21
4.1 Généralités . 21
4.2 Conditions de fonctionnement . 21
4.3 Conditions d'installation . 22
4.3.1 Généralités . 22
4.3.2 Câbles souterrains . 22
4.3.3 Câbles à l'air . 23
4.3.4 Câbles dans l'eau . 23
5 Niveaux d'isolement du câble . 23
5.1 Remarques introductives. 23
5.2 Catégories de réseaux . 23
5.3 Choix de U . 24
m
5.4 Choix de U . 24
p
6 Choix de la section du conducteur . 24
7 Accessoires . 25
7.1 Généralités . 25
7.2 Extrémités . 25
7.2.1 Généralités . 25
7.2.2 Pollution atmosphérique . 25
7.2.3 Altitude . 25
7.3 Jonctions . 26
8 Aspects environnementaux . 26
Annexe A (informative) Surveillance du réseau . 28
Bibliographie . 29

Tableau 1 – Relation entre U /U et (U ) et tensions de choc . 27
0 m
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
LIGNES DIRECTRICES POUR LE CHOIX DE SYSTÈMES
DE CÂBLES À HAUTE TENSION EN COURANT ALTERNATIF

AVANT-PROPOS
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...