IEC 60335-2-48:2021

IEC 60335-2-48 ®
Edition 5.0 2021-11
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial electric grillers and toasters
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IEC 60335-2-48 ®
Edition 5.0 2021-11
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial electric grillers and toasters
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 97.040.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-4080-9

– 2 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 General requirement . 10
5 General conditions for the tests . 10
6 Classification . 11
7 Marking and instructions . 11
8 Protection against access to live parts . 13
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances . 14
10 Power input and current . 14
11 Heating . 14
12 Void Charging metal-ion batteries . 17
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature . 17
14 Transient overvoltages . 18
15 Moisture resistance . 18
16 Leakage current and electric strength . 19
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits . 19
18 Endurance . 19
19 Abnormal operation . 19
20 Stability and mechanical hazards . 20
21 Mechanical strength . 20
22 Construction . 20
23 Internal wiring . 21
24 Components . 22
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords . 22
26 Terminals for external conductors . 22
27 Provision for earthing . 22
28 Screws and connections . 23
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation . 24
30 Resistance to heat and fire . 24
31 Resistance to rusting . 25
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards . 25
Annexes . 29
Annex B (normative) Battery-operated appliances, separable batteries and detachable
batteries for battery-operated appliances . 30
Annex N (normative) Proof tracking test .
Annex P (informative) Guidance for the application of this standard to appliances used
in tropical climates . 32
Bibliography . 33

Figure 103 101 – Probe for measuring surface temperatures . 25
Figure 102 – Identification of surfaces for temperature measurement . 26
Figure 101 103 – Splash apparatus. 28

Table 101 – Maximum temperature rises for specified external accessible surfaces
under normal operating conditions . 15
Table 102 – Maximum temperature rises of external accessible surfaces for appliances

intended to be installed in areas open to the public under normal operating conditions . 17
Table 102 103 – Assembling torques for screwed connections providing earthing
continuity . 24

– 4 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial
electric grillers and toasters

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes made to
the previous edition IEC 60335-2-48:2002+AMD1:2008+AMD2:2017 CSV. A vertical bar appears
in the margin wherever a change has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in
strikethrough red text.
IEC 60335-2-48 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 61: Safety of household and
similar electrical appliances. It is an International Standard.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2002, Amendment 1:2008
and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) the text has been aligned with IEC 60335-1:2020;
b) some notes have been converted to normative text, modified or deleted (Clause 1, 7.15,
9.101, 11.7, 22.101, 23.3, 27.2, 30.101);
c) clarifications to some test specifications have been made (7.101, 11.4, 15.1.1, 19, 20.1,
25.3);
d) introduction of requirements for appliances intended for use in areas open to the public,
including external accessible surface temperatures (Clause 1, 7.12, 11.8, Table 102);
e) clarification of applicable standard for appliances for use by laymen (Clause 1, 7.12);
f) exclusion of battery-operated appliances;
g) relocation of cleaning instructions from 7.12.1 to 7.12;
h) relocation of 24.101 to 22.104;
i) additional instructional requirements in 7.12;
j) conciliation of the text of IEC 60335-2-48 with other standards under IEC/TC61/MT32.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
61/6364/FDIS 61/6412/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60335 series, published under the general title Household and
similar electrical appliances – Safety, can be found on the IEC website.
This Part 2 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60335-1 and its
amendments unless that edition precludes it; in that case, the latest edition that does not
preclude it is used. It was established on the basis of the sixth edition (2020) of that standard.
NOTE 1 When "Part 1" is mentioned in this standard, it refers to IEC 60335-1.
This Part 2 supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses in IEC 60335-1, so as to convert
that publication into the IEC standard: Particular requirements for commercial electric grillers
and toasters.
When a particular subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this Part 2, that subclause applies as
far as is reasonable. When this standard states "addition", "modification" or "replacement", the
relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly.

– 6 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
NOTE 2 The following numbering system is used:
– subclauses, tables and figures that are numbered starting from 101 are additional to those in Part 1;
– unless notes are in a new subclause or involve notes in Part 1, they are numbered starting from 101, including
those in a replaced clause or subclause;
– additional annexes are lettered AA, BB, etc.
NOTE 3 The following print types are used:
– requirements: in roman type;
– test specifications: in italic type;
– notes: in small roman type.
Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3. When a definition concerns an adjective, the adjective and the
associated noun are also in bold.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
NOTE 4 The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing
organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication in
which to make products in accordance with the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or
revised tests.
It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of this publication be adopted for implementation nationally
not earlier than 12 months or later than 36 months from the date of publication.
The following differences exist in the countries indicated below.
– 6.1: Class 01 appliances are allowed (Japan).
– 13.2: Leakage current limits are different (Japan).
– 16.2: Leakage current limits are different (Japan).

IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

INTRODUCTION
It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.
Guidance documents concerning the application of the safety requirements for appliances can
be accessed via TC 61 supporting documents on the IEC website:
https://www.iec.ch/tc61/supportingdocuments
This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does
not constitute a replacement for the normative text in this standard.
This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such
as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in normal
use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions. It also covers abnormal situations that
can be expected in practice and takes into account the way in which electromagnetic
phenomena can affect the safe operation of appliances.
This standard takes into account the requirements of IEC 60364 as far as possible so that there
is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply mains.
However, national wiring rules may differ.
If an appliance within the scope of this standard also incorporates functions that are covered
by another Part 2 of IEC 60335, the relevant Part 2 is applied to each function separately, as
far as is reasonable. If applicable, the influence of one function on the other is taken into
account.
When a Part 2 standard does not include additional requirements to cover hazards dealt with
in Part 1, Part 1 applies.
NOTE 1 This means that the technical committees responsible for the Part 2 standards have determined that it is
not necessary to specify particular requirements for the appliance in question over and above the general
requirements.
This standard is a product family standard dealing with the safety of appliances and takes
precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject.
NOTE 2 Horizontal publications, basic safety publications and generic standards group safety publications covering
a hazard are not applicable since they have been taken into consideration when developing the general and particular
requirements for the IEC 60335 series of standards. For example, in the case of temperature requirements for
surfaces on many appliances, generic standards, such as ISO 13732-1 for hot surfaces, are not applicable in addition
to Part 1 or part 2 standards.
An appliance that complies with the text of this standard will not necessarily be considered to
comply with the safety principles of the standard if, when examined and tested, it is found to
have other features that impair the level of safety covered by these requirements.
An appliance employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed
in the requirements of this standard may be examined and tested according to the intent of the
requirements and, if found to be substantially equivalent, may be considered to comply with the
standard.
NOTE 3 Standards dealing with non-safety aspects of household appliances are:
– IEC standards published by TC 59 concerning methods for measuring performance;
– CISPR 11, CISPR 14-1 and relevant IEC 61000-3 series standards concerning electromagnetic emissions;
– CISPR 14-2 concerning electromagnetic immunity;
– IEC standards published by TC 111 concerning environmental matters.

– 8 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial
electric grillers and toasters

1 Scope
This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following.
This part of IEC 60335 deals with the safety of electrically operated commercial grillers and
toasters not intended for household and similar use, their rated voltage being not more than
250 V for single-phase appliances connected between one phase and neutral, and 480 V for
other appliances.
Rotary or continuous grillers and or toasters and similar appliances intended for grilling by
radiant heat such as rotisseries, salamanders, etc., are within the scope of this standard.
NOTE 101 These appliances are not intended for household and similar purposes. They are used for the commercial
processing of food, also in areas open to the public, for example in kitchens of restaurants, canteens, hospitals
and in commercial enterprises such as bakeries, and butcheries, etc.
The electrical part of appliances making use of other forms of energy is also within the scope
of this standard.
As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by these types
of appliances.
NOTE 102 Attention is drawn to the fact that:
– for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional
requirements may can be necessary;
– in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities,
the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply
authorities and similar authorities;
– for appliances intended to be used outdoors, additional requirements may can be necessary.
NOTE 103 This standard does not apply to:
– appliances designed exclusively for industrial purposes;
– appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the
presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas);
– appliances for continuous mass production of food;
– commercial electric griddles and griddle grills (IEC 60335-2-38);
– battery-operated appliances;
– grills, toasters and similar portable cooking appliances for household use covered by
IEC 60335-2-9 and used in the following environments by laymen;
• staff kitchen areas in shops, offices and other working environments;
• farm houses;
• hotels, motels and other residential type environments;
• bed and breakfast type environments.

2 Normative references
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
IEC 60584-1, Thermocouples – Part 1: EMF specifications and tolerances
ISO 898-1, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel – Part 1:
Bolts, screws and studs with specified property classes – Coarse thread and fine pitch thread
ISO 3506-1, Fasteners – Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners
– Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs with specified grade and property classes
ISO 3506-2, Fasteners – Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners
– Part 2: Nuts with specified grade and property classes
ISO 3506-3, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners – Part 3: Set
screws and similar fasteners not under tensile stress
ISO 3506-4, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners – Part 4:
Tapping screws
3 Terms and definitions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
3.1 Definitions relating to physical characteristics
3.1.4 Addition:
Note 101 to entry: The rated power input is the sum of the power inputs of all the individual elements in the
appliance that can be on at one time; where there are several such combinations possible, that giving the highest
power input is used in determining the rated power input.
3.1.9 Replacement:
normal operation
operation of the appliance under the following conditions:
Appliances are operated with no load and with any controls intended to be operated by the user
set at the maximum. Timers, if provided, are rendered inoperative.
If doors, lids, reflectors or drip trays are provided, they are arranged in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions. If no instructions are given, doors are fully open, drip trays are put
into the lowest and the grilling grid into the highest possible position.
If the appliance cannot be operated without a load, then the manufacturer's instructions are
taken into account.
Motors and detachable electrical parts incorporated in the appliance are operated in the
intended manner under the most severe unfavourable conditions that can be expected in normal
use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions.
3.5 Definitions relating to types of appliances
3.5.101
griller
appliance in which food is cooked by being exposed mainly to radiant heat

– 10 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
3.5.102
toaster
appliance intended exclusively for browning bread and similar products by radiant heat
3.5.103
rotary or continuous griller or toaster
appliance where the product is moved while being grilled or toasted
3.104
installation wall
a special fixed construction containing supply facilities for appliances installed in conjunction with it
3.6 Definitions relating to parts of an appliance
3.1056.101
functional surface
surface that is intentionally heated by an internal heat source and has to be hot to carry out the
function for which the appliance is intended
Note 1 to entry: An example is the heated sheath of a tubular heating element.
3.1066.102
adjacent surface
surface that is adjacent to a functional surface and which can become hot through conduction
3.8 Definitions relating to miscellaneous matters
3.8.101
installation wall
special fixed construction containing supply facilities for appliances installed in conjunction with
it
3.8.102
area open to the public
area in which the general public, including children, can have access
Note 1 to entry: Examples are canteens and self-service restaurants.
4 General requirement
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
5 General conditions for the tests
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
5.10 Addition:
Appliances intended for installation in a bank of other appliances and appliances intended to
be fixed to an installation wall are enclosed to obtain protection against electric shock and
harmful ingress of water equivalent to that obtained when installed in accordance with the
instructions provided with the appliance.
NOTE 101 Appropriate enclosures or additional appliances may can be needed for test purposes.
5.101 Appliances are tested as heating appliances, even if they incorporate a motor.
Appliances are tested as heating appliances, when during a mode of operation electrical

heaters are energized. If no electrical heaters are energized, the appliances are tested as
motor-operated appliances.
5.102 Appliances, when assembled in combination with or incorporating other appliances, are
tested in accordance with the requirements of this standard. The other appliances are operated
simultaneously in accordance with the requirements of the relevant standards.
6 Classification
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
6.1 Replacement:
Appliances shall be class I with respect to protection against electric shock.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by the relevant tests.
6.2 Addition:
Appliances normally used on a table shall be at least IPX3. Other appliances shall be at least
IPX4. Toasters other than those intended to be used in a commercial kitchen may be IPX0.
7 Marking and instructions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
7.1 Addition:
If appliances have external accessible surfaces, for which temperature rise limits are specified
in Table 101 or Table 102 and for which the provisions of footnote b to Table 101 or Table 102
apply, then the appliance shall be marked with symbol IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10), or with the
substance of the following:
Caution: Hot surfaces.
7.6 Addition:
[symbol IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10)] caution, hot surface

7.12 Addition:
The manufacturer shall declare that the appliance is also intended to be used in an area open
to the public or, if the appliance is not suitable for use in an area open to the public, the
instruction shall include the substance of the following warning:
WARNING: This appliance shall not be installed where the public has access.
Instructions for user maintenance, for example cleaning, shall also be given. They shall include
a statement that the appliance is not to be cleaned with a water jet or a steam cleaner.
If any of symbols IEC 60417-5021 (2002-10) and or IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10) are marked on
the appliance, their its meaning shall be explained.

– 12 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
Toasters not marked with an IP classification of at least IPX3 shall include the substance of the
following warning:
WARNING The toaster shall not be used in commercial kitchens
NOTE 101 The requirement is due to the cleaning process in such kitchens.
The instructions shall include the substance of the following:
These appliances are intended to be used for commercial applications, for example in
kitchens of restaurants, canteens, hospitals and in commercial enterprises such as bakeries,
butcheries, etc., but not for continuous mass production of food.
If the manufacturer wants to limit the use of the appliance to less than the above, this has to be
clearly stated in the instructions.
The instructions shall include the substance of the following:
– This appliance is not intended to be used by laymen in household and similar applications
such as:
• staff kitchen areas in shops, offices and other working environments;
• farm houses;
• hotels, motels and other residential type environments;
• bed and breakfast type environments.
Modification:
The instruction concerning persons (including children) with reduced physical, sensory or
mental capabilities, or lack of experience and knowledge and children playing with the appliance
is not applicable.
7.12.1 Replacement Addition:
The appliance shall be accompanied by instructions detailing any special precautions necessary
for installation. For appliances intended for installation in a bank of other appliances and
appliances intended to be fixed to an installation wall, details of how to ensure appropriate
protection against electric shock and harmful ingress of water shall be supplied. If the controls
of more than one appliance are combined in a separate enclosure, detailed installation
instructions shall be supplied. Instructions for user maintenance, for example cleaning, shall
also be given. They shall include a statement that the appliance is not to be cleaned with a
water jet or a steam cleaner.
For appliances that are permanently connected to fixed wiring and for which leakage currents
may can exceed 10 mA, particularly if disconnected or not used for long periods, or during initial
installation, the instruction sheet shall give recommendations regarding the rating of protective
devices, such as earth leakage relays residual current devices (RCD), to be installed.
If a stationary appliance is intended to be moved for cleaning, this shall be stated.
For stationary appliances equipped with rollers or castors or intended to be moved for
cleaning, the instructions shall state the substance of the following:
This appliance is to be connected with flexible connections for equipotential bonding and
connection to services such as electricity supply, water supply, gas supply and steam supply
such that the appliance can be moved in the direction required for cleaning, a distance not
less than the dimension of the appliance in the direction of movement plus 500 mm without
the flexible connections becoming taut or being subject to strain.
Compliance is checked by inspection.

7.12.4 Addition:
The instructions for built-in appliances having a separate control panel for several appliances
shall state that the control panel is only to be connected to the specified appliances in order to
avoid a possible hazard.
7.12.9 Not applicable.
7.14 Addition:
The height of the triangle used with in symbol IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10) shall be at least
15 mm.
7.15 Addition:
The marking specified for external accessible surfaces shall be visible when the appliance is
operated as in normal use, including when actuating any switch, adjusting any control or
opening a lid or door. It shall not be placed on a functional surface or adjacent surface.
When it is not practical to place the marking of fixed appliances so that it is visible after the
appliance has been installed, the relevant information shall also be included in the instructions
or on an additional label that can be fixed near the appliance after installation.
NOTE 101 An example of such a fixed appliance is a built-in appliance.
7.101 If, during the test of Clause 11, the temperature rise of the floor of the test corner or the
side and rear walls of the test corner above the level of the top of stationary appliances
exceeds 65 K and/or, during the test of Clause19, the temperature rise of the floor or the walls
above and below the top of stationary appliances exceeds 125 K, the installation instructions
provided by the manufacturer shall include the substance of the following warning that shall
also be included on a permanent label attached to the appliance:
WARNING: During installation: do not place on surfaces or near walls, partitions or
kitchen furniture and the like – unless they are made of non-combustible
material or clad with non-combustible heat-insulating material, and pay
attention to fire prevention regulations.
Where this appliance is to be positioned in close proximity to a wall, partitions, kitchen
furniture, decorative finishes, etc., it is recommended that they are made of non-combustible
material. If not, that they shall be clad with a suitable non-combustible heat-insulating
material.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
7.102 Equipotential bonding terminals shall be marked with symbol 5021 of IEC 60417-1
IEC 60417-5021 (2002-10).
These markings shall not be placed on screws, removable washers or other parts that can be
removed when conductors are being connected.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
8 Protection against access to live parts
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.

– 14 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
8.101 Heating elements, other than those of slot toasters, that are liable to be touched
accidentally by a fork or similar pointed object in normal use, shall be so protected that it is not
possible to touch their live parts with such an object.
Compliance is checked by inserting test probe 12 of IEC 61032 at all points where the probe
can enter in the vicinity of live parts. The probe is applied without appreciable force.
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
9.101 Fan motors providing a cooling effect in order to comply with the requirements of
Clause 11 shall start under all voltage conditions that may can occur in use.
Compliance is checked by starting the motor three times at a voltage equal to 0,85 times rated
voltage, the motor being at room temperature at the beginning of the test.
Compliance is checked by the following tests using a supply source such that its drop in voltage
does not exceed 1 % during the tests. The appliance being returned to room temperature after
each test.
The motor appliance is started each time under the conditions occurring at the beginning of
normal operation or, for automatic appliances, at the beginning of the normal cycle of
operation, the motor being allowed to come to rest between successive starts a voltage equal
to 0,85 times rated voltage being applied to the input terminals of the appliance.
For appliances provided with motors having other than centrifugal starting switches, this test is
repeated at a voltage equal to 1,06 times rated voltage being applied to the input terminals of
the appliance.
The tests are carried out three times.
In all cases, the motor shall start and it shall function in such a way that safety is not affected,
and the overload protective devices of the motor shall not operate.
NOTE The supply source is such that during the test the drop in voltage does not exceed 1 %.
10 Power input and current
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
10.1 Addition:
NOTE 101 For appliances having more than one heating unit, the total power input may be
determined by measuring the power input of each heating unit separately (see also 3.1.4).
11 Heating
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
11.2 Addition:
Appliances intended to be fixed to the floor and appliances with a mass greater than 40 kg and
not provided with rollers, castors or similar means are installed in accordance with the

manufacturer's instructions. If no instructions are given, these appliances are considered as
appliances normally placed on the floor.
11.3 Addition:
Where the external accessible surfaces are suitably flat and access permits, then the test
probe of Figure 103 is used to measure the temperature rises of external accessible surfaces
specified in Table 101 and Table 102. The probe is applied with a force of 4 N ± 1 N to the
surface in such a way that the best possible contact between the probe and the surface is
ensured. The measurement is performed after a contact period of 30 s.
The probe may be held in place using a laboratory stand clamp or similar device. Any measuring
instrument giving the same results as the probe may be used.
11.4 Replacement:
Appliances are operated under normal operation such that the total power input of the
appliance is 1,15 times rated power input. If it is not possible to switch on all heating elements
at the same time, the test is made with each of the combinations that the switch arrangement
will allow, the highest load possible with each switching arrangement being in circuit.
If the appliance is provided with a control that limits the total power input, the test is made with
whichever combination of heating units, as may be selected by the control, imposes the most
severe unfavourable condition.
If the temperature rise limits of motors, transformers or electronic circuits are exceeded, the
test is repeated with the appliance supplied at 1,06 times rated voltage. In this case, only the
temperature rises of motors, transformers or electronic circuits rise of the components for
which the temperature limits were exceeded are measured.
11.7 Replace the test specification paragraph by the following Replacement:
Appliances are operated until steady conditions are established.
NOTE 101 The duration of the test may consist of more than one cycle of operation.
Steady conditions are considered to exist 60 min after reaching the temperatures defined for
normal operation.
When an appliance is assembled in combination with, equipped with or incorporating
accessories or other appliances, the interaction shall be covered if they are provided to operate
simultaneously as stated by the manufacturer or by a common control.
11.8 Addition:
For stationary appliances, the limit of 65 K temperature rise for the rear and side test walls,
including the part of the walls of the test corner that projects in front of the appliance, only
applies below the level of the top of the appliance. If this temperature rise limit is exceeded
above this level, or on the floor working surface, then the requirements of 7.101 apply.
During the test, the temperature rises are monitored continuously and shall not exceed the
values shown in Table 3 and Table 101.
For appliances intended to be installed in areas open to the public, the temperature shall not
exceed the values shown in Table 102.

– 16 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
Table 101 – Maximum temperature rises for specified external
accessible surfaces under normal operating conditions
b
Temperature rise of external accessible surfaces
a
Surface
K
Bare metal 48
c
Coated metal
Glass and ceramic 65
d, e
Plastic and plastic coating > 0,4 mm
a
Temperature rises are not measured on:
– the underside of appliances intended to be used on a working surface or floor;
– the rear surface of appliances;
– surfaces that are inaccessible to a 75 mm diameter probe having a hemispherical end;
– functional surfaces and adjacent surfaces.
b
The temperature rise on external accessible surfaces up to a distance of 100 mm from adjacent surfaces of
the appliance (see Figure 102) may exceed the limits by up to 25 K, but the relevant part shall then be marked
with symbol IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10) or the equivalent text.
c
Metal is considered coated when a coating having a minimum thickness of 90 µm made by of enamel or non-
substantially plastic coating is used.
d
The temperature rise limit of plastic also applies for plastic material having a metal finish of thickness less than
0,1 mm.
e
When the thickness of the plastic coating does not exceed 0,4 mm, the temperature rise limits of coated metal
for underlying metal apply or the temperature rise limits for glass or ceramic material for underlying glass or
ceramic material apply.
Table 102 – Maximum temperature rises of external accessible surfaces
for appliances intended to be installed in areas open to the public
under normal operating conditions
a
Temperature rise of external accessible surfaces
K
Surface
Appliances and parts situated Appliances and parts situated
not more than 850 mm above more than 850 mm above the

b
the floor after installation
floor after installation
Bare metal 38 42
c
42 49
Coated
...

IEC 60335-2-48 ®
Edition 5.0 2021-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –
Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial electric grillers and toasters

Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –
Partie 2-48: Exigences particulières pour les grils et grille-pain électriques
à usage commercial
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IEC 60335-2-48 ®
Edition 5.0 2021-11
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Household and similar electrical appliances – Safety –

Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial electric grillers and toasters

Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues – Sécurité –

Partie 2-48: Exigences particulières pour les grils et grille-pain électriques

à usage commercial
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 97.040.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-1039-5

– 2 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 © IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 General requirement . 10
5 General conditions for the tests . 10
6 Classification . 11
7 Marking and instructions . 11
8 Protection against access to live parts . 13
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances . 13
10 Power input and current . 14
11 Heating . 14
12 Charging metal-ion batteries . 16
13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature . 16
14 Transient overvoltages . 17
15 Moisture resistance . 17
16 Leakage current and electric strength . 18
17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits . 18
18 Endurance . 18
19 Abnormal operation . 18
20 Stability and mechanical hazards . 19
21 Mechanical strength . 19
22 Construction . 19
23 Internal wiring . 20
24 Components . 20
25 Supply connection and external flexible cords . 20
26 Terminals for external conductors . 21
27 Provision for earthing . 21
28 Screws and connections . 21
29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation . 22
30 Resistance to heat and fire . 23
31 Resistance to rusting . 23
32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards . 23
Annexes . 26
Annex B (normative) Battery-operated appliances, separable batteries and detachable
batteries for battery-operated appliances . 27
Annex P (informative) Guidance for the application of this standard to appliances used
in tropical climates . 28
Bibliography . 29

Figure 101 – Probe for measuring surface temperatures . 23

Figure 102 – Identification of surfaces for temperature measurement . 24
Figure 103 – Splash apparatus . 25

Table 101 – Maximum temperature rises for specified external accessible surfaces
under normal operating conditions . 15
Table 102 – Maximum temperature rises of external accessible surfaces for appliances
intended to be installed in areas open to the public under normal operating conditions . 16
Table 103 – Assembling torques for screwed connections providing earthing continuity . 22

– 4 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 © IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial
electric grillers and toasters

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60335-2-48 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 61: Safety of household and
similar electrical appliances. It is an International Standard.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2002, Amendment 1:2008
and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) the text has been aligned with IEC 60335-1:2020;
b) some notes have been converted to normative text, modified or deleted (Clause 1, 7.15,
9.101, 11.7, 22.101, 23.3, 27.2, 30.101);
c) clarifications to some test specifications have been made (7.101, 11.4, 15.1.1, 19, 20.1,
25.3);
d) introduction of requirements for appliances intended for use in areas open to the public,
including external accessible surface temperatures (Clause 1, 7.12, 11.8, Table 102);
e) clarification of applicable standard for appliances for use by laymen (Clause 1, 7.12);
f) exclusion of battery-operated appliances;
g) relocation of cleaning instructions from 7.12.1 to 7.12;
h) relocation of 24.101 to 22.104;
i) additional instructional requirements in 7.12;
j) conciliation of the text of IEC 60335-2-48 with other standards under IEC/TC61/MT32.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
61/6364/FDIS 61/6412/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60335 series, published under the general title Household and
similar electrical appliances – Safety, can be found on the IEC website.
This Part 2 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60335-1 and its
amendments unless that edition precludes it; in that case, the latest edition that does not
preclude it is used. It was established on the basis of the sixth edition (2020) of that standard.
NOTE 1 When "Part 1" is mentioned in this standard, it refers to IEC 60335-1.
This Part 2 supplements or modifies the corresponding clauses in IEC 60335-1, so as to convert
that publication into the IEC standard: Particular requirements for commercial electric grillers
and toasters.
When a particular subclause of Part 1 is not mentioned in this Part 2, that subclause applies as
far as is reasonable. When this standard states "addition", "modification" or "replacement", the
relevant text in Part 1 is to be adapted accordingly.
NOTE 2 The following numbering system is used:
– subclauses, tables and figures that are numbered starting from 101 are additional to those in Part 1;
– unless notes are in a new subclause or involve notes in Part 1, they are numbered starting from 101, including
those in a replaced clause or subclause;
– additional annexes are lettered AA, BB, etc.
NOTE 3 The following print types are used:
– requirements: in roman type;
– test specifications: in italic type;
– notes: in small roman type.
Words in bold in the text are defined in Clause 3. When a definition concerns an adjective, the adjective and the
associated noun are also in bold.

– 6 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 © IEC 2021
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
NOTE 4 The attention of National Committees is drawn to the fact that equipment manufacturers and testing
organizations may need a transitional period following publication of a new, amended or revised IEC publication in
which to make products in accordance with the new requirements and to equip themselves for conducting new or
revised tests.
It is the recommendation of the committee that the content of this publication be adopted for implementation nationally
not earlier than 12 months or later than 36 months from the date of publication.
The following differences exist in the countries indicated below.
– 6.1: Class 01 appliances are allowed (Japan).
– 13.2: Leakage current limits are different (Japan).
– 16.2: Leakage current limits are different (Japan).

IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

INTRODUCTION
It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.
Guidance documents concerning the application of the safety requirements for appliances can
be accessed via TC 61 supporting documents on the IEC website:
https://www.iec.ch/tc61/supportingdocuments
This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard and does
not constitute a replacement for the normative text in this standard.
This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such
as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in normal
use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions. It also covers abnormal situations that
can be expected in practice and takes into account the way in which electromagnetic
phenomena can affect the safe operation of appliances.
This standard takes into account the requirements of IEC 60364 as far as possible so that there
is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply mains.
However, national wiring rules may differ.
If an appliance within the scope of this standard also incorporates functions that are covered
by another Part 2 of IEC 60335, the relevant Part 2 is applied to each function separately, as
far as is reasonable. If applicable, the influence of one function on the other is taken into
account.
When a Part 2 standard does not include additional requirements to cover hazards dealt with
in Part 1, Part 1 applies.
NOTE 1 This means that the technical committees responsible for the Part 2 standards have determined that it is
not necessary to specify particular requirements for the appliance in question over and above the general
requirements.
This standard is a product family standard dealing with the safety of appliances and takes
precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject.
NOTE 2 Horizontal publications, basic safety publications and group safety publications covering a hazard are not
applicable since they have been taken into consideration when developing the general and particular requirements
for the IEC 60335 series of standards.
An appliance that complies with the text of this standard will not necessarily be considered to
comply with the safety principles of the standard if, when examined and tested, it is found to
have other features that impair the level of safety covered by these requirements.
An appliance employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed
in the requirements of this standard may be examined and tested according to the intent of the
requirements and, if found to be substantially equivalent, may be considered to comply with the
standard.
NOTE 3 Standards dealing with non-safety aspects of household appliances are:
– IEC standards published by TC 59 concerning methods for measuring performance;
– CISPR 11, CISPR 14-1 and relevant IEC 61000-3 series standards concerning electromagnetic emissions;
– CISPR 14-2 concerning electromagnetic immunity;
– IEC standards published by TC 111 concerning environmental matters.

– 8 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 © IEC 2021
HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES –
SAFETY –
Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial
electric grillers and toasters

1 Scope
This clause of Part 1 is replaced by the following.
This part of IEC 60335 deals with the safety of electrically operated commercial grillers and
toasters , their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances connected
between one phase and neutral, and 480 V for other appliances.
Rotary or continuous grillers or toasters and similar appliances intended for grilling by
radiant heat such as rotisseries, salamanders, etc., are within the scope of this standard.
These appliances are not intended for household and similar purposes. They are used for
commercial processing of food, also in areas open to the public, for example in kitchens of
restaurants, canteens, hospitals and in commercial enterprises such as bakeries and
butcheries. The electrical part of appliances making use of other forms of energy is also within
the scope of this standard.
As far as is practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by these types
of appliances.
Attention is drawn to the fact that:
– for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional
requirements can be necessary;
– in many countries additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities,
the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour, the national water supply
authorities and similar authorities;
– for appliances intended to be used outdoors, additional requirements can be necessary.
This standard does not apply to:
– appliances designed exclusively for industrial purposes;
– appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the
presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas);
– appliances for continuous mass production of food;
– commercial electric griddles and griddle grills (IEC 60335-2-38);
– battery-operated appliances;
– grills, toasters and similar portable cooking appliances for household use covered by
IEC 60335-2-9 and used in the following environments by laymen;
• staff kitchen areas in shops, offices and other working environments;
• farm houses;
• hotels, motels and other residential type environments;
• bed and breakfast type environments.

2 Normative references
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
Addition:
IEC 60584-1, Thermocouples – Part 1: EMF specifications and tolerances
ISO 898-1, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel – Part 1:
Bolts, screws and studs with specified property classes – Coarse thread and fine pitch thread
ISO 3506-1, Fasteners – Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners
– Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs with specified grade and property classes
ISO 3506-2, Fasteners – Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners
– Part 2: Nuts with specified grade and property classes
ISO 3506-3, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners – Part 3: Set
screws and similar fasteners not under tensile stress
ISO 3506-4, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners – Part 4:
Tapping screws
3 Terms and definitions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
3.1 Definitions relating to physical characteristics
3.1.4 Addition:
Note 101 to entry: The rated power input is the sum of the power inputs of all the individual elements in the
appliance that can be on at one time; where there are several such combinations possible, that giving the highest
power input is used in determining the rated power input.
3.1.9 Replacement:
operation of the appliance under the following conditions:
Appliances are operated with no load and with any controls intended to be operated by the user
set at the maximum. Timers, if provided, are rendered inoperative.
If doors, lids, reflectors or drip trays are provided, they are arranged in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions. If no instructions are given, doors are fully open, drip trays are put
into the lowest and the grilling grid into the highest possible position.
If the appliance cannot be operated without a load, then the manufacturer's instructions are
taken into account.
Motors and detachable electrical parts incorporated in the appliance are operated under the
most unfavourable conditions that can be expected in normal use taking into account the
manufacturer's instructions.
3.5 Definitions relating to types of appliances
3.5.101
griller
appliance in which food is cooked by being exposed mainly to radiant heat

– 10 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 © IEC 2021
3.5.102
toaster
appliance intended exclusively for browning bread and similar products by radiant heat
3.5.103
rotary or continuous griller or toaster
appliance where the product is moved while being grilled or toasted
3.6 Definitions relating to parts of an appliance
3.6.101
functional surface
surface that is intentionally heated by an internal heat source and has to be hot to carry out the
function for which the appliance is intended
Note 1 to entry: An example is the heated sheath of a tubular heating element.
3.6.102
adjacent surface
surface that is adjacent to a functional surface and which can become hot through conduction
3.8 Definitions relating to miscellaneous matters
3.8.101
installation wall
special fixed construction containing supply facilities for appliances installed in conjunction with
it
3.8.102
area open to the public
area in which the general public, including children, can have access
Note 1 to entry: Examples are canteens and self-service restaurants.
4 General requirement
This clause of Part 1 is applicable.
5 General conditions for the tests
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
5.10 Addition:
Appliances intended for installation in a bank of other appliances and appliances intended to
be fixed to an installation wall are enclosed to obtain protection against electric shock and
harmful ingress of water equivalent to that obtained when installed in accordance with the
instructions provided with the appliance.
NOTE Appropriate enclosures or additional appliances can be needed for test purposes.
5.101 Appliances are tested as heating appliances, when during a mode of operation
electrical heaters are energized. If no electrical heaters are energized, the appliances are tested
as motor-operated appliances.
5.102 Appliances, when assembled in combination with or incorporating other appliances, are
tested in accordance with the requirements of this standard. The other appliances are operated
simultaneously in accordance with the requirements of the relevant standards.

6 Classification
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
6.1 Replacement:
Appliances shall be class I with respect to protection against electric shock.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by the relevant tests.
6.2 Addition:
Appliances normally used on a table shall be at least IPX3. Other appliances shall be at least
IPX4.
7 Marking and instructions
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
7.1 Addition:
If appliances have external accessible surfaces, for which temperature rise limits are specified
in Table 101 or Table 102 and for which the provisions of footnote b to Table 101 or Table 102
apply, then the appliance shall be marked with symbol IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10), or with the
substance of the following:
Caution: Hot surfaces.
7.6 Addition:
[symbol IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10)] caution, hot surface

7.12 Addition:
The manufacturer shall declare that the appliance is also intended to be used in an area open
to the public or, if the appliance is not suitable for use in an area open to the public, the
instruction shall include the substance of the following warning:
WARNING: This appliance shall not be installed where the public has access.
Instructions for user maintenance, for example cleaning, shall also be given. They shall include
a statement that the appliance is not to be cleaned with a water jet or a steam cleaner.
If any of symbols IEC 60417-5021 (2002-10) or IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10) are marked on the
appliance, its meaning shall be explained.
The instructions shall include the substance of the following:
These appliances are intended to be used for commercial applications, for example in
kitchens of restaurants, canteens, hospitals and in commercial enterprises such as bakeries,
butcheries, etc., but not for continuous mass production of food.
If the manufacturer wants to limit the use of the appliance to less than the above, this has to be
clearly stated in the instructions.

– 12 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 © IEC 2021
The instructions shall include the substance of the following:
– This appliance is not intended to be used by laymen in household and similar applications
such as:
• staff kitchen areas in shops, offices and other working environments;
• farm houses;
• hotels, motels and other residential type environments;
• bed and breakfast type environments.
Modification:
The instruction concerning persons (including children) with reduced physical, sensory or
mental capabilities, or lack of experience and knowledge and children playing with the appliance
is not applicable.
7.12.1 Addition:
The appliance shall be accompanied by instructions detailing any special precautions necessary
for installation. For appliances intended for installation in a bank of other appliances and
appliances intended to be fixed to an installation wall, details of how to ensure appropriate
protection against electric shock and harmful ingress of water shall be supplied. If the controls
of more than one appliance are combined in a separate enclosure, detailed installation
instructions shall be supplied.
For appliances that are permanently connected to fixed wiring and for which leakage currents
can exceed 10 mA, particularly if disconnected or not used for long periods, or during initial
installation, the instruction sheet shall give recommendations regarding the rating of protective
devices, such as residual current devices (RCD), to be installed.
If a stationary appliance is intended to be moved for cleaning, this shall be stated.
For stationary appliances equipped with rollers or castors or intended to be moved for
cleaning, the instructions shall state the substance of the following:
This appliance is to be connected with flexible connections for equipotential bonding and
connection to services such as electricity supply, water supply, gas supply and steam supply
such that the appliance can be moved in the direction required for cleaning, a distance not
less than the dimension of the appliance in the direction of movement plus 500 mm without
the flexible connections becoming taut or being subject to strain.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
7.12.4 Addition:
The instructions for built-in appliances having a separate control panel for several appliances
shall state that the control panel is only to be connected to the specified appliances in order to
avoid a possible hazard.
7.12.9 Not applicable.
7.14 Addition:
The height of the triangle in symbol IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10) shall be at least 15 mm.

7.15 Addition:
The marking specified for external accessible surfaces shall be visible when the appliance is
operated as in normal use, including when actuating any switch, adjusting any control or
opening a lid or door. It shall not be placed on a functional surface or adjacent surface.
When it is not practical to place the marking of fixed appliances so that it is visible after the
appliance has been installed, the relevant information shall also be included in the instructions
or on an additional label that can be fixed near the appliance after installation.
7.101 If, during the test of Clause 11, the temperature rise of the floor of the test corner or the
side and rear walls of the test corner above the level of the top of stationary appliances
exceeds 65 K or during the test of Clause19, the temperature rise of the floor or the walls above
and below the top of stationary appliances exceeds 125 K, the installation instructions
provided by the manufacturer shall include the substance of the following that shall also be
included on a permanent label attached to the appliance:
Where this appliance is to be positioned in close proximity to a wall, partitions, kitchen
furniture, decorative finishes, etc., it is recommended that they are made of non-combustible
material. If not, that they shall be clad with a suitable non-combustible heat-insulating
material.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
7.102 Equipotential bonding terminals shall be marked with symbol
IEC 60417-5021 (2002-10).
These markings shall not be placed on screws, removable washers or other parts that can be
removed when conductors are being connected.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
8 Protection against access to live parts
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
8.101 Heating elements, other than those of slot toasters, that are liable to be touched
accidentally by a fork or similar pointed object in normal use, shall be so protected that it is not
possible to touch their live parts with such an object.
Compliance is checked by inserting test probe 12 of IEC 61032 at all points where the probe
can enter in the vicinity of live parts.
9 Starting of motor-operated appliances
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
9.101 Fan motors providing a cooling effect in order to comply with the requirements of
Clause 11 shall start under all voltage conditions that can occur in use.
Compliance is checked by the following tests using a supply source such that its drop in voltage
does not exceed 1 % during the tests. The appliance being returned to room temperature after
each test.
– 14 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 © IEC 2021
The appliance is started under the conditions occurring at the beginning of normal operation
or, for automatic appliances, at the beginning of the normal cycle of operation, a voltage equal
to 0,85 times rated voltage being applied to the input terminals of the appliance.
For appliances provided with motors having other than centrifugal starting switches, this test is
repeated at a voltage equal to 1,06 times rated voltage being applied to the input terminals of
the appliance.
The tests are carried out three times.
In all cases, the motor shall start and it shall function in such a way that safety is not affected
and overload protective devices of the motor shall not operate.
10 Power input and current
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
10.1 Addition:
For appliances having more than one heating unit, the total power input may be determined by
measuring the power input of each heating unit separately (see also 3.1.4).
11 Heating
This clause of Part 1 is applicable except as follows.
11.2 Addition:
Appliances intended to be fixed to the floor and appliances with a mass greater than 40 kg and
not provided with rollers, castors or similar means are installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions. If no instructions are given, these appliances are considered as
appliances normally placed on the floor.
11.3 Addition:
Where the external accessible surfaces are suitably flat and access permits, then the test
probe of Figure 103 is used to measure the temperature rises of external accessible surfaces
specified in Table 101 and Table 102. The probe is applied with a force of 4 N ± 1 N to the
surface in such a way that the best possible contact between the probe and the surface is
ensured. The measurement is performed after a contact period of 30 s.
The probe may be held in place using a laboratory stand clamp or similar device. Any measuring
instrument giving the same results as the probe may be used.
11.4 Replacement:
Appliances are operated under normal operation such that the total power input of the
appliance is 1,15 times rated power input. If it is not possible to switch on all heating elements
at the same time, the test is made with each of the combinations that the switch arrangement
will allow, the highest load possible with each switching arrangement being in circuit.
If the appliance is provided with a control that limits the total power input, the test is made with
whichever combination of heating units, as may be selected by the control, imposes the most
unfavourable condition.
If the temperature rise limits of motors, transformers or electronic circuits are exceeded, the
test is repeated with the appliance supplied at 1,06 times rated voltage. In this case, only the
temperature rise of the components for which the temperature rise limits were exceeded are
measured.
11.7 Replacement:
Appliances are operated until steady conditions are established.
Steady conditions are considered to exist 60 min after reaching the temperatures defined for
normal operation.
When an appliance is assembled in combination with, equipped with or incorporating
accessories or other appliances, the interaction shall be covered if they are provided to operate
simultaneously as stated by the manufacturer or by a common control.
11.8 Addition:
For stationary appliances, the limit of 65 K temperature rise for the rear and side test walls,
including the part of the test corner that projects in front of the appliance, only applies below
the level of the top of the appliance. If this temperature rise limit is exceeded above this level,
or on the working surface, then the requirements of 7.101 apply.
During the test, the temperature rises are monitored continuously and shall not exceed the
values shown in Table 3 and Table 101.
For appliances intended to be installed in areas open to the public, the temperature shall not
exceed the values shown in Table 102.
Table 101 – Maximum temperature rises for specified external
accessible surfaces under normal operating conditions
b
Temperature rise of external accessible surfaces
a
Surface
K
Bare metal 48
c
Coated metal
Glass and ceramic 65
d, e
Plastic and plastic coating > 0,4 mm
a
Temperature rises are not measured on:
– the underside of appliances intended to be used on a working surface or floor;
– the rear surface of appliances;
– surfaces that are inaccessible to a 75 mm diameter probe having a hemispherical end;
– functional surfaces and adjacent surfaces.
b
The temperature rise on external accessible surfaces up to a distance of 100 mm from adjacent surfaces of
the appliance (see Figure 102) may exceed the limits by up to 25 K, but the relevant part shall then be marked
with symbol IEC 60417-5041 (2002-10) or the equivalent text.
c
Metal is considered coated when a coating having a minimum thickness of 90 µm made of enamel or non-
substantially plastic coating is used.
d
The temperature rise limit of plastic also applies for plastic material having a metal finish of thickness less than
0,1 mm.
e
When the thickness of the plastic coating does not exceed 0,4 mm, the temperature rise limits of coated metal
for underlying metal apply or the temperature rise limits for glass or ceramic material for underlying glass or
ceramic material apply.
– 16 – IEC 60335-2-48:2021 © IEC 2021
Table 102 – Maximum temperature rises of external accessible surfaces
for appliances intended to be installed in areas open to the public
under normal operating conditions
a
Temperature rise of external accessible surfaces
K
Surface
Appliances and parts situated Appliances and parts situated
not more than 850 mm above more than 850 mm above the

b
the floor afte
...