EN 60695-9-1:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2013
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 60695-9-1:2006
Preskušanje požarne ogroženosti - 9-1. del: Širjenje plamena po površini - Splošno
navodilo
Fire hazard testing - Part 9-1: Surface spread of flame - General guidance
Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der Brandgefahr - Teil 9-1: Oberflächige Flammenausbreitung
- Allgemeiner Leitfaden
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu - Partie 9-1: Propagation des flammes en surface -
Lignes directrices générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60695-9-1:2013
ICS:
13.220.40 Sposobnost vžiga in Ignitability and burning
obnašanje materialov in behaviour of materials and
proizvodov pri gorenju products
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 60695-9-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.220.40; 29.020 Supersedes EN 60695-9-1:2005

English version
Fire hazard testing -
Part 9-1: Surface spread of flame -
General guidance
(IEC 60695-9-1:2013)
Essais relatifs aux risques du feu -  Prüfungen zur Beurteilung der
Partie 9-1: Propagation des flammes en Brandgefahr -
surface - Teil 9-1: Flammenausbreitung auf
Lignes directrices générales Oberflächen -
(CEI 60695-9-1:2013) Allgemeiner Leitfaden
(IEC 60695-9-1:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-06-03. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 60695-9-1:2013 E
Foreword
The text of document 89/1159/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60695-9-1, prepared by IEC/TC 89 "Fire
hazard testing" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has (dop) 2014-03-03
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2016-06-03
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the

document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 60695-9-1:2005.
EN 60695-9-1:2005:
a) an expanded scope;
b) updated references;
c) updated terms and definitions.
This European Standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 60695-9-2.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60695-9-1:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60332 series NOTE  Harmonised in EN 60332 series.
IEC 61197 NOTE  Harmonised as EN 61197.
ISO 2719 NOTE  Harmonised as EN ISO 2719.

- 3 - EN 60695-9-1:2013
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60695-4 - Fire hazard testing - EN 60695-4 -
Part 4: Terminology concerning fire tests for
electrotechnical products
IEC Guide 104 - The preparation of safety publications and the - -
use of basic safety publications and group
safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51 - Safety aspects - Guidelines for their inclusion - -
in standards
ISO 2592 - Determination of flash and fire points - EN ISO 2592 -
Cleveland open cup method
ISO 13943 2008 Fire safety - Vocabulary EN ISO 13943 2010

IEC 60695-9-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2013-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ

Fire hazard testing –
Part 9-1: Surface spread of flame – General guidance

Essais relatifs aux risques du feu –

Partie 9-1: Propagation des flammes en surface – Lignes directrices générales

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX P
ICS 13.220.40; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-83220-753-6

– 2 – 60695-9-1 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Principles of flame spread . 11
4.1 Liquids . 11
4.2 Solids . 11
5 Consideration for the selection of test methods . 12
5.1 Fire scenario . 12
5.2 Ignition sources . 12
5.3 Types of test specimen . 12
5.4 Test procedure and apparatus . 13
5.5 Measurement techniques . 13
5.5.1 Direct measurement . 13
5.5.2 Indirect measurement . 13
6 Use and interpretation of results . 13
Bibliography . 15

60695-9-1 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 9-1: Surface spread of flame –
General guidance
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60695-9-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 89: Fire
hazard testing.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
89/1159/FDIS 89/1164/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC 60695-9-1 published in 2005,
and constitutes a technical revision.

– 4 – 60695-9-1 © IEC:2013
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) an expanded scope;
b) updated references;
c) updated terms and definitions.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and
ISO/IEC Guide 51.
This international standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60695-9-2.
A list of all the parts in the 60695 series, under the general title Fire hazard testing, can be
found on the IEC web site.
IEC 60695-9 consists of the following parts:
– Part 9-1:Surface spread of flame – General guidance
– Part 9-2: Surface spread of flame – Summary of test methods
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60695-9-1 © IEC:2013 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
Fires are responsible for creating hazards to life and property as a result of the generation of
heat (thermal hazard), and also toxic effluent, corrosive effluent and smoke (non-thermal
hazard). Fire hazard increases with the burning area leading in some cases to flashover and a
fully developed fire. This is a typical fire scenario in buildings.
The surface spread of flame beyond the area of ignition occurs as a result of the creation of a
pyrolysis front on the surface of the material, ahead of the flame front, arising from the heating
by the flame and external heat sources. The pyrolysis front is the boundary between pyrolysed
material and unpyrolysed material on the surface of the material. Combustible vapours are
generated within the region of pyrolysed material, which mix with air and ignite, creating the
flame front.
The surface spread of flame rate is the distance travelled by the flame front divided by the time
required to travel that distance. The surface spread of flame rate depends on the heat supplied
externally and/or by the flame of the burning material ahead of the burning zone and on the
ease of ignition. The ease of ignition is a function of the minimum ignition temperature,
thickness, density, specific heat, and thermal conductivity of the material. The heat supplied by
the flame depends on the heat release rate, specimen orientation, air flow rate and air flow
direction relative to the surface spread of flame direction. In general, materials show one of the
following types of surface spread of flame behaviour:
a) non-propagation: there is no flame propagation beyond the area of ignition;
b) decelerating propagation: flame propagation stops before reaching the end of the surface of
the material; and
c) propagation: flame propagates beyond the area of ignition and eventually affects the entire
surface of the material.
Properties of the materials that are used to describe the surface spread of flame behaviour are
associated with surface preheating and pyrolysis, generation of vapours, mixing of the vapours
with air, ignition, combustion of the mixture and generation of heat and combustion products.
Flame retardants and surface treatments are used to modify the surface spread of flame
behaviour. Factors that need to be considered for the assessment of the surface spread of
flame behaviour of materials are:
1) the fire scenario (including such parameters as surface orientation, ventilation and the
nature of the ignition source);
2) measurement techniques (see 5.5); and
3) the use and interpretation of results obtained (see 6).

– 6 – 60695-9-1 © IEC:2013
FIRE HAZARD TESTING –
Part 9-1: Surface spread of flame –
General guidance
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60695provides guidance for the assessment of surface spread of flame for
electrotechnical products and the materials from which they are formed. It provides:
• an explanation of the principles of flame spread for both liquids and solids,
• guidance for the selection of test methods,
• guidance on the use and interpretation of test results, and
• informative references
This basic safety publication is intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of
standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51.
One of the responsibilities of a technical committee is, wherever applicable, to make use of
basic safety publications in the preparation of its publications. The requirements, test methods
or test conditions of this basic safety publication will not apply unless specifically referred to or
included in the relevant publications.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
IEC 60695-4, Fire hazard testing – Part 4: Terminology concerning fire tests for
electrotechnical products
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications
and group safety publications
ISO/IEC Guide 51, Safety aspects – Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
ISO 13943:2008, Fire safety – Vocabulary
ISO 2592, Determination of flash and fire points – Cleveland open cup method
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, terms and definitions given in IEC 60695-4 and in
ISO 13943:2008, some of which are reproduced below for the user’s convenience, apply.
3.1
combustion
exothermic reaction of a substance with an oxidizing agent

60695-9-1 ©
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