EN IEC 62271-110:2023

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2023
Visokonapetostne stikalne in krmilne naprave - 110. del: Preklapljanje
induktivnega bremena (IEC 62271-110:2023)
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 110: Inductive load switching (IEC 62271-
110:2023)
Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte und -Schaltanlagen - Teil 110: Schalten induktiver Lasten
(IEC 62271-110:2023)
Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 110: Manuvre de charges inductives (IEC 62271-
110:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62271-110:2023
ICS:
29.130.10 Visokonapetostne stikalne in High voltage switchgear and
krmilne naprave controlgear
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62271-110

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2023
ICS 29.130.10 Supersedes EN IEC 62271-110:2018;
EN IEC 62271-110:2018/AC:2018-03
English Version
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 110: Inductive
load switching
(IEC 62271-110:2023)
Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 110: Manœuvre de Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte und -Schaltanlagen - Teil
charges inductives 110: Schalten induktiver Lasten
(IEC 62271-110:2023) (IEC 62271-110:2023)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2023-04-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Türkiye and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62271-110:2023 E

European foreword
The text of document 17A/1368/FDIS, future edition 5 of IEC 62271-110, prepared by SC 17A
"Switching devices" of IEC/TC 17 "High-voltage switchgear and controlgear" was submitted to the IEC-
CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 62271-110:2023.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2024-01-20
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2026-04-20
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN IEC 62271-110:2018 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if
any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62271-110:2023 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cencenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-441 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) – Part 441: Switchgear, controlgear
and fuses
IEC 62271-1 2017 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN 62271-1 2017
Part 1: Common specifications for
alternating current switchgear and
controlgear
+ AMD1 2021  + A1 2021
IEC 62271-100 2021 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN IEC 62271-100 2021
Part 100: Alternating-current circuit-
breakers
IEC 62271-106 2021 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - EN IEC 62271-106 2021
Part 106: Alternating current contactors,
contactor-based controllers and motor-
starters
IEC 62271-110 ®
Edition 5.0 2023-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –

Part 110: Inductive load switching

Appareillage à haute tension –

Partie 110: Manœuvre de charges inductives

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.130.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-6649-6

– 2 – IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Type tests . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Miscellaneous provisions for inductive load switching tests . 8
4.3 High-voltage motor current switching tests . 9
4.3.1 Applicability . 9
4.3.2 General . 9
4.3.3 Characteristics of the supply circuits . 10
4.3.4 Characteristics of the load circuit . 11
4.3.5 Test voltage . 11
4.3.6 Test-duties . 12
4.3.7 Test measurements . 12
4.3.8 Behaviour and condition of switching device . 12
4.3.9 Test report . 13
4.4 Shunt reactor current switching tests . 14
4.4.1 Applicability . 14
4.4.2 General . 15
4.4.3 Test circuits . 15
4.4.4 Characteristics of the supply circuit . 18
4.4.5 Characteristics of the connecting leads . 18
4.4.6 Characteristics of the load circuits . 18
4.4.7 Earthing of the test circuit . 23
4.4.8 Test voltage . 23
4.4.9 Test-duties . 23
Annex A (normative) Calculation of t values . 27
Bibliography . 29

Figure 1 – Motor switching test circuit and summary of parameters . 10
Figure 2 – Illustration of voltage transients at interruption of inductive current for first
phase clearing in a three-phase non-effectively earthed circuit . 14
Figure 3 – Reactor switching test circuit – Three-phase test circuit for in-service load
circuit configurations 1 and 2 (Table 2) . 16
Figure 4 – Reactor switching test circuit – Single-phase test circuit for in-service load
circuit configurations 1, 2 and 4 (Table 2) . 17
Figure 5 – Reactor switching test circuit – Three-phase test circuit for in-service load
circuit configuration 3 (Table 2) . 18
Figure 6 – Illustration of voltage transients at interruption of inductive current for a
single-phase test . 26

Table 1 – Test-duties at motor current switching tests . 12
Table 2 – In-service load circuit configurations . 15

IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023 – 3 –
Table 3 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
170 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
with isolated neutrals (Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 1) . 19
Table 4 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 100 kV to
1  200 kV for effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors with earthed
neutrals (See Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 2) . 20
Table 5 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
52 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
with isolated neutrals (see Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 3) . 21
Table 6 – Values of prospective transient recovery voltages – Rated voltages 12 kV to
52 kV for effectively and non-effectively earthed systems – Switching shunt reactors
with earthed neutrals (see Table 2: In-service load circuit configuration 4) . 22
Table 7 – Load circuit 1 test currents . 22
Table 8 – Load circuit 2 test currents . 23
Table 9 – Test-duties for reactor current switching tests . 24

– 4 – IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –

Part 110: Inductive load switching

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 62271-110 has been prepared by subcommittee 17A: Switching devices, of IEC technical
committee 17: High-voltage switchgear and controlgear. It is an International Standard.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2017. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) references to IEC 62271-100 and IEC 62271-106 have been updated to the latest editions.

IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023 – 5 –
The text of this document is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
17A/1368/FDIS 17A/1376/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62271 series can be found, under the general title High-voltage
switchgear and controlgear, on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –

Part 110: Inductive load switching

1 Scope
This part of IEC 62271 is applicable to AC switching devices designed for indoor or outdoor
installation, for operation at frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz on systems having voltages above
1  000 V and applied for inductive current switching. It is applicable to switching devices
(including circuit-breakers in accordance with IEC 62271-100) that are used to switch
high-voltage motor currents and shunt reactor currents and also to high-voltage contactors used
to switch high-voltage motor currents as covered by IEC 62271-106.
Switching unloaded transformers, i.e. breaking transformer magnetizing current, is not
considered in this document. The reasons for this are as follows:
a) Owing to the non-linearity of the transformer core, it is not possible to correctly model the
switching of transformer magnetizing current using linear components in a test laboratory.
Tests conducted using an available transformer, such as a test transformer, will only be
valid for the transformer tested and cannot be representative for other transformers.
b) As detailed in IEC TR 62271-306, the characteristics of this duty are usually less severe
than any other inductive current switching duty. Such a duty can produce severe
overvoltages within the transformer winding(s) depending on the re-ignition behaviour of the
switching device and transformer winding resonance frequencies.
NOTE 1 The switching of tertiary reactors from the high-voltage side of the transformer is not covered by this
document.
NOTE 2 The switching of shunt reactors earthed through neutral reactors is not covered by this document. However,
the application of test results according to this document, on the switching of neutral reactor earthed reactors (4-leg
reactor scheme), is discussed in IEC TR 62271-306.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-441, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 441: Switchgear,
controlgear and fuses, available at www.electropedia.org
IEC 62271-1:2017, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications
for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
IEC 62271-1:2017/AMD1:2021
IEC 62271-100:2021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 100: Alternating-current
circuit-breakers
IEC 62271-106:2021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 106: Alternating current
contactors, contactor-based controllers and motor-starters

IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023 – 7 –
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-441,
IEC 62271-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
inductive current
power-frequency current drawn by an inductive circuit having a power factor 0,5 or less
3.2
current chopping
abrupt current interruption in a switching device at a point-on-wave other than the natural
power-frequency current zero
3.3
virtual current chopping
current chopping in one of the three phases in a three-phase circuit originated by transients in
another phase of the circuit
3.4
suppression peak
first peak of the transient voltage to earth on the load side of the switching device following
current interruption
Note 1 to entry: Suppression peak is not necessarily the absolute maximum of the transient recovery voltage.
Previous breakdowns can have appeared at higher voltage values.
3.5
recovery peak
maximum value of the voltage across the switching device occurring when the polarity of the
recovery voltage is equal to the polarity of the power-frequency voltage
Note 1 to entry: Recovery peak is not necessarily the absolute maximum of the transient recovery voltage. Previous
breakdowns can have appeared at higher voltage values.
3.6
re-ignition
resumption of current between the contacts of a mechanical switching device during a breaking
operation with an interval of zero current of less than a quarter cycle of power frequency
Note 1 to entry: In the case of inductive load switching the initiation of the re-ignition is a high-frequency event,
which can be of a single or multiple nature and can in some cases be interrupted without power-frequency follow
current.
3.7
re-ignition-free arcing time window
period of arc duration during a breaking operation during which the contacts of a mechanical
switching device reach sufficient distance to exclude re-ignition

– 8 – IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023
4 Type tests
4.1 General
Circuit-breakers according to IEC 62271-100 and contactors according to IEC 62271-106 do
not have dedicated inductive load switching ratings. However, switching devices applied for this
purpose shall meet the requirements of this document.
For shunt reactor switching test of circuit-breakers, the rated insulation level values stated in
Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 of IEC 62271-1:2017 are applicable with the exception of combined voltage
tests across the isolating distance (columns (6) and (8) in Table 3 and column (5) in Table 4 of
IEC 62271-1:2017).
The type tests are in addition to those specified in the relevant product standard, with the
exception of short-line faults, out-of-phase switching and capacitive current switching.
NOTE 1 The reason for this exception is the source-less nature of the shunt reactor load circuit.
NOTE 2 In some cases (high chopping overvoltage levels, or where a neutral reactor is present or in cases of shunt
reactors with isolated neutral), an appropriate insulation level that is higher than the rated values stated above can
be necessary.
Inductive load switching tests performed for a given current level and type of application can
be considered valid for another current rating and same type of application as detailed below:
a) for shunt reactor switching at rated voltages of 52 kV and above, tests at a particular current
level shall be considered valid for applications with a higher current level up to 150  % of the
tested current value;
b) for shunt reactor switching at rated voltages below 52 kV, type testing is required;
c) for high-voltage motor switching, type testing for stalled motor currents at 100 A and 300 A
is considered to cover stalled motor currents in the range 100 A to 300 A and up to the
current associated with the short-circuit current of test-duty T10 according to 7.107.2 of
IEC 62271-100:2021 for circuit-breakers and up to the rated operational current for
contactors.
With respect to a) the purpose of type testing is also to determine a re-ignition-free arcing time
window for controlled switching purposes (see IEC TR 62271-302) and caution should be
exercised when considering applications at higher currents than the tested values since the re-
ignition-free arcing window can increase at higher current.
Annex B of IEC 62271-100:2021 can be used with respect to tolerances on test quantities.
4.2 Miscellaneous provisions for inductive load switching tests
Subclause 7.102 of IEC 62271-100:2021 is applicable with the following addition:
High-voltage motor current and shunt reactor switching tests shall be performed at rated
auxiliary and control voltage or, where necessary, at maximum auxiliary and control voltage to
facilitate consistent control of the opening and closing operation according to 7.102.3.1 of
IEC 62271-100:2021.
For gas filled switching devices (including vacuum switching devices using gaseous media for
insulation), tests shall be performed at the rated functional pressure for interruption and
insulation, except for test-duty 4, where the pressure shall be the minimum functional pressure
for interruption and insulation.

IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023 – 9 –
4.3 High-voltage motor current switching tests
4.3.1 Applicability
Subclause 4.3 is applicable to three-phase alternating current switching devices having rated
voltages above 1 kV and up to 17,5 kV, which are used for switching high-voltage motors. Tests
can be carried out at 50 Hz with a relative tolerance of ±10 % or 60 Hz with a relative tolerance
of ±10 %, both frequencies being considered equivalent.
Motor switching tests are applicable to all three-pole switching devices having rated voltages
equal to or less than 17,5 kV, which can be used for the switching of three-phase asynchronous
squirrel-cage or slip-ring motors. The switching device can be of a higher rated voltage than
the motor when connected to the motor through a stepdown transformer. However, the usual
application is a direct cable connection between switching device and motor. When tests are
required, they shall be made in accordance with 4.3.2 to 4.3.9.
When overvoltage limitation devices are mandatory for the tested equipment, the voltage
limiting devices can be included in the test circuit provided that the devices are an intrinsic part
of the equipment under test.
No limits to the overvoltages are given as the overvoltages are only relevant to the specific
application. Overvoltages between phases can be as significant as phase-to-earth overvoltages.
4.3.2 General
The switching tests can be either field tests or laboratory tests. As regards overvoltages, the
switching of the current of a starting or stalled motor is usually the more severe operation.
Due to the non-linear behaviour of the motor iron core, it is not possible to exactly model the
switching of motor current using linear components in a test station. Tests using linear
components to simulate the motors can be considered to be more conservative than switching
actual motors.
For laboratory tests a standardized circuit simulating the stalled condition of a motor is specified
(refer to Figure 1). The parameters of this test circuit have been chosen to represent a relatively
severe case with respect to overvoltages and will cover the majority of service applications.
The laboratory tests are performed to prove the ability of a switching device to switch motors
and to establish its behaviour with respect to switching overvoltages, re-ignitions and current
chopping. These characteristics can serve as a basis for estimates of the switching device’s
performance in other motor circuits. Tests performed with the test currents defined in 4.3.3 and
4.3.4 demonstrate the capability of the switching device to switch high-voltage motors up to its
rated interrupting current.
For field tests, actual circuits are used with a supply system on the source side and a cable and
motor on the load side. There can be a transformer between the switching device and motor.
However, the results of such field tests are only valid for switching devices working in circuits
similar to those during the tests.
The apparatus under test includes the switching device with overvoltage protection devices if
they are normally fitted.
NOTE 1 Overvoltages can be produced when switching running motors. This condition is not represented by the
substitute circuit and is generally considered to be less severe than the stalled motor case.
NOTE 2 The starting period switching of a slip-ring motor is generally less severe due to the effect of the starting
resistor.
– 10 – IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023

Key
U rated voltage
r
Z earthing impedance impedance high enough to limit the phase-to-earth
e
fault current to less than the test current (can be
infinite)
L source side inductance ωL ≤ 0,1 ωL, but prospective short-circuit current ≤
s s
the rated short-circuit current of the tested switching
device
C supply side capacitance 0,03 µF to 0,05 µF for supply circuit A
s
1,5 µF to 2 µF for supply circuit B
L inductance of capacitors and ≤ 2 µH
b1
connections
Bus representation 5 m to 7 m in length spaced appropriate to the rated
voltage
L
inductance of connections ≤ 5 µH
b2
Cable
100 m ± 10 m, screened, surge impedance 30 Ω to
50 Ω
L motor substitute inductance load circuit 1: 100 A ± 10 A
load circuit 2: 300 A ± 30 A
R motor substitute resistance cos φ ≤ 0,2
C motor substitute parallel frequency 10 kHz to 15 kHz
p
capacitance
R motor substitute parallel resistance amplitude factor 1,6 to 1,8
p
Figure 1 – Motor switching test circuit and summary of parameters
4.3.3 Characteristics of the supply circuits
4.3.3.1 General
A three-phase supply circuit shall be used. The tests shall be performed using two different
supply circuits A and B as specified in 4.3.3.2 and 4.3.3.3, respectively. Supply circuit A
represents the case of a motor connected directly to a transformer. Supply circuit B represents
the case where parallel cables are applied on the supply side.
4.3.3.2 Supply circuit A
The three-phase supply can be earthed through a high ohmic impedance so that the supply
voltage is defined with respect to earth. The impedance value shall be high enough to limit a
prospective line-to-earth fault current to a value below the test current.

IEC 62271-110:2023 © IEC 2023 – 11 –
The source inductance L shall not be lower than that corresponding to the rated short-circuit
s
breaking current of the tested switching device. Its impedance shall also be not higher than
0,1 times the impedance of the inductance in the load circuit (see 4.3.4).
The supply side capacitance C is represented by three capacitors connected in earthed star.
s
Their value, including the natural capacitance of the circuit shall be 0,04 µF ± 0,01 µF. The
inductance L of the capacitors and connections shall not exceed 2 µH.
b1
The busbar inductance is represented by three bars forming a busbar each 6 m ± 1 m in length
and spaced at a distance appropriate to the rated voltage.
4.3.3.3 Supply circuit B
As supply circuit A with the value of the supply side capacitance increased to 1,75 µF
...