EN IEC 62364:2019
(Main)Hydraulic machines - Guidelines for dealing with hydro-abrasive erosion in kaplan, francis and pelton turbines
Hydraulic machines - Guidelines for dealing with hydro-abrasive erosion in kaplan, francis and pelton turbines
IEC 62364:2019 is available as IEC 62364:2019 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.IEC 62364:2019 gives guidelines for: a) presenting data on hydro-abrasive erosion rates on several combinations of water quality, operating conditions, component materials, and component properties collected from a variety of hydro sites; b) developing guidelines for the methods of minimizing hydro-abrasive erosion by modifications to hydraulic design for clean water. These guidelines do not include details such as hydraulic profile shapes which are determined by the hydraulic design experts for a given site; c) developing guidelines based on “experience data” concerning the relative resistance of materials faced with hydro-abrasive erosion problems; d) developing guidelines concerning the maintainability of materials with high resistance to hydro-abrasive erosion and hardcoatings; e) developing guidelines on a recommended approach, which owners could and should take to ensure that specifications communicate the need for particular attention to this aspect of hydraulic design at their sites without establishing criteria which cannot be satisfied because the means are beyond the control of the manufacturers; f) developing guidelines concerning operation mode of the hydro turbines in water with particle materials to increase the operation life. It is assumed in this document that the water is not chemically aggressive. Since chemical aggressiveness is dependent upon so many possible chemical compositions, and the materials of the machine, it is beyond the scope of this document to address these issues. It is assumed in this document that cavitation is not present in the turbine. Cavitation and hydro-abrasive erosion can reinforce each other so that the resulting erosion is larger than the sum of cavitation erosion plus hydro-abrasive erosion. The quantitative relationship of the resulting hydro-abrasive erosion is not known and it is beyond the scope of this document to assess it, except to suggest that special efforts be made in the turbine design phase to minimize cavitation. Large solids (e.g. stones, wood, ice, metal objects, etc.) traveling with the water can impact turbine components and produce damage. This damage can in turn increase the flow turbulence thereby accelerating wear by both cavitation and hydro-abrasive erosion. Hydro-abrasive erosion resistant coatings can also be damaged locally by impact of large solids. It is beyond the scope of this document to address these issues. This document focuses mainly on hydroelectric powerplant equipment. Certain portions can also be applicable to other hydraulic machines. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the formula for TBO in Pelton reference model has been modified; b) the formula for calculating sampling interval has been modified; c) the chapter in hydro-abrasive erosion resistant coatings has been substantially modified; d) the annex with test data for hydro-abrasive erosion resistant materials has been removed; e) a simplified hydro-abrasive erosion evaluation has been added. Key words: Hydraulic Machines, Hydro-Abrasive Erosion, Kaplan, Francis, Pelton T
Wasserturbinen - Leitfaden für den Umgang mit hydroabrasiver Erosion in Kaplan-, Francis und Pelton-Turbinen
Machines hydrauliques - Lignes directrices relatives au traitement de l'érosion hydro-abrasive des turbines kaplan, francis et pelton
IEC 62364:2019 est disponible sous forme de IEC 62364:2019 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.L'IEC 62364:2019 donne des lignes directrices pour: a) présenter les données disponibles concernant les taux d'érosion hydro-abrasive avec diverses combinaisons de qualité de l'eau, conditions d'exploitation, matériaux et propriétés des composants; ces données ayant été obtenues sur différents sites hydroélectriques; b) développer des lignes directrices permettant de réduire au minimum l’érosion hydro-abrasive en apportant des modifications à la conception hydraulique normalement utilisée en l’absence de particules. Ces lignes directrices n’abordent pas les détails tels que les profils hydrauliques que les spécialistes en conception hydraulique déterminent pour un site donné; c) développer des lignes directrices établies sur le «retour d’expérience» concernant la résistance relative de matériaux confrontés aux problèmes d’érosion hydro-abrasive; d) développer des lignes directrices concernant la maintenabilité des matériaux résistant à l'érosion hydro-abrasive et des revêtements de surface durs; e) développer des lignes directrices relatives à la recommandation d'une méthode, que les propriétaires pourraient appliquer, et dont il convient qu'ils l'appliquent effectivement, afin de s'assurer que les spécifications montrent la nécessité d'accorder une attention toute particulière à la conception des formes hydrauliques propres à leur site sans imposer des critères qui ne peuvent être satisfaits dans la mesure où les moyens à mettre en œuvre ne sont pas maitrisables par les constructeurs; f) développer des lignes directrices concernant le mode de fonctionnement des turbines hydroélectriques en présence de particules afin d’accroître la durée de vie. Ce document fait l'hypothèse d’une eau chimiquement non agressive; étant donné que cette agressivité dépend des diverses compositions chimiques possibles, ainsi que des matériaux constitutifs de la machine, le domaine d'application de ce document ne traite pas de cette question. Ce document fait également l'hypothèse de l'absence de cavitation au niveau de la turbine. En effet la cavitation et l'érosion hydro-abrasive peuvent se renforcer mutuellement de sorte que l'érosion résultante est plus importante que la somme des deux. Comme aucune formulation quantitative de cette érosion résultante n’est connue, ce document n'a pas pour objet de l'évaluer, sauf pour suggérer, lors de la phase de conception de la turbine, des efforts particuliers visant à minimiser la cavitation. Des objets solides de grandes dimensions (comme des pierres, du bois, de la glace, des objets métalliques, etc.) véhiculés par l'eau peuvent percuter les composants de la turbine et les endommager. Ces dommages peuvent pour leur part accroître la turbulence de l’écoulement et accélérer l'usure par cavitation et par érosion hydro-abrasive. Les revêtements durs résistant à l’érosion hydro-abrasive peuvent également être endommagés localement suite à l'impact de ces particules de grandes dimensions. Ce document ne traite pas de ces questions. Ce document se concentre principalement sur les équipements des centrales hydroélectriques. Certaines parties de ce document peuvent également s'appliquer à d'autres machines hydrauliques. Cette deuxième édition annule et rempl
Hidravlični stroji - Navodilo za obravnavanje hidroabrazivne erozije pri Kaplanovih, Francisovih in Peltonovih turbinah (IEC 62364:2019)
Ta dokument podaja smernice za:
a) predstavitev podatkov o stopnji hidroabrazivne erozije pri več kombinacijah kakovosti vode, pogojev obratovanja, materialov sestavnih delov in lastnosti sestavnih delov, zbranih na različnih vodnih lokacijah;
b) pripravo smernic za metode za zmanjšanje hidroabrazivne erozije s spremembami hidravlične zasnove za čisto vodo. Te smernice ne vključujejo podrobnosti, kot so oblike hidravličnega profila, ki so jih določili strokovnjaki za hidravlično zasnovo za določeno lokacijo;
c) pripravo smernic na podlagi »podatkov iz izkušenj« v zvezi z relativnim uporom materialov, ki imajo težave s hidroabrazivno erozijo;
d) pripravo smernic v zvezi z sposobnostjo vzdrževanja materialov, izredno odpornih na hidroabrazivno erozijo, in trdih prevlek;
e) pripravo smernic za priporočen pristop, ki bi ga lahko lastniki uporabili in naj bi ga uporabili za zagotavljanje, da specifikacije izražajo potrebo po namenjanju posebne pozornosti temu vidiku hidravlične zasnove na njihovih lokacijah brez določitve meril, ki jih ni mogoče izpolniti, ker so načini za njihovo izpolnitev zunaj nadzora proizvajalcev;
f) priprava smernic v zvezi z načinom delovanja hidroturbin v vodi z materiali delcev za podaljšanje dobe delovanja.
V tem dokumentu se predvideva, da voda ni kemično agresivna. Ker je agresivnost odvisna od številnih možnih kemijskih sestav in materialov stroja, obravnavanje teh vprašanj ne spada na področje uporabe tega dokumenta.
V tem dokumentu se predvideva, da kavitacija v turbini ni prisotna. Kavitacija in hidroabrazivna erozija se lahko medsebojno krepita, zaradi česar je posledična erozija večja od vsote kavitacijske erozije in hidroabrazivne erozije. Količinsko razmerje posledične hidroabrazivne erozije ni znano, pri čemer njena ocena presega področje uporabe tega dokumenta, razen za predlog, da se v fazi načrtovanja turbine posebna pozornost nameni čim večjemu zmanjšanju kavitacije.
Večji trdni deli (npr. kamni, les, led, kovinski predmeti itd.), ki potujejo z vodo, lahko vplivajo na sestavne dele turbine in povzročijo škodo. Ta škoda lahko posledično poveča turbulenco toka ter tako pospeši obrabo zaradi kavitacije in hidroabrazivne erozije. Prevleke, odporne na hidroabrazivno erozijo, se lahko poškodujejo tudi lokalno zaradi udarcev večjih trdnih delov. Obravnavanje teh vprašanj presega področje uporabe tega dokumenta.
Ta dokument se osredotoča zlasti na opremo hidroelektrarn. Nekateri deli se lahko
uporabljajo tudi za druge hidravlične stroje.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2019
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 62364:2014
+LGUDYOLþQLVWURML1DYRGLOR]DREUDYQDYDQMHKLGURDEUD]LYQHHUR]LMHSUL.DSODQRYLK
)UDQFLVRYLKLQ3HOWRQRYLKWXUELQDK ,(&
Hydraulic machines - Guide for dealing with hydro-abrasive erosion in Kaplan, Francis,
and Pelton turbines (IEC 62364:2019)
Wasserturbinen - Leitfaden für den Umgang mit hydroabrasiver Erosion in Kaplan-,
Francis- und Pelton-Turbinen (IEC 62364:2019)
Machines hydrauliques - Guide relatif au traitement de l'érosion hydro-abrasive des
turbines Kaplan, Francis et Pelton (IEC 62364:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 62364:2019
ICS:
23.100.10 +LGUDYOLþQHþUSDONHLQPRWRUML Pumps and motors
27.140 Vodna energija Hydraulic energy engineering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 62364
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2019
ICS 23.100.10; 27.140 Supersedes EN 62364:2013
English Version
Hydraulic machines - Guidelines for dealing with hydro-abrasive
erosion in kaplan, francis and pelton turbines
(IEC 62364:2019)
Machines hydrauliques - Lignes directrices relatives au Wasserturbinen - Leitfaden für den Umgang mit
traitement de l'érosion hydro-abrasive des turbines kaplan, hydroabrasiver Erosion in Kaplan-, Francis und Pelton-
francis et pelton Turbinen
(IEC 62364:2019) (IEC 62364:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2019-02-18. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 62364:2019 E
European foreword
The text of document 4/351/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62364, prepared by IEC TC 4 "Hydraulic
turbines" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2019-11-18
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2022-02-18
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with
the document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 62364:2013.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62364:2019 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60193:1999 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60193:1999.
IEC 60609-2:1997 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60609-2:1999.
IEC 60041 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60041.
ISO 4288 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 4288.
ISO 2178 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 2178.
ISO 6507-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 6507-1.
ISO 14916:2017 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 14916:2017.
IEC 62364 ®
Edition 2.0 2019-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Hydraulic machines – Guidelines for dealing with hydro-abrasive erosion
in kaplan, francis, and pelton turbines
Machines hydrauliques – Lignes directrices relatives
au traitement de l'érosion hydro-abrasive des turbines kaplan, francis et pelton
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 23.100.10; 27.140 ISBN 978-2-8322-6286-3
– 2 – IEC 62364:2019 IEC 2019
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Terms, definitions and symbols. 8
3 Prediction of hydro-abrasive erosion rate . 12
3.1 Model for hydro-abrasive erosion depth . 12
3.2 Reference model . 13
3.3 Simplified hydro-abrasive erosion evaluation . 14
4 Design . 15
4.1 General . 15
4.2 Selection of materials with high resistance to hydro-abrasive erosion and
coating . 16
4.3 Stainless steel overlays . 16
4.4 Water conveyance system . 16
4.5 Valve . 17
4.5.1 General . 17
4.5.2 Protection (closing) of the gap between housing and trunnion. 17
4.5.3 Stops located outside the valve . 17
4.5.4 Proper capacity of inlet valve operator . 18
4.5.5 Increase bypass size to allow higher guide vane leakage . 18
4.5.6 Bypass system design . 18
4.6 Turbine . 18
4.6.1 General . 18
4.6.2 Hydraulic design . 18
4.6.3 Mechanical design . 20
5 Operation and maintenance . 26
5.1 Operation . 26
5.2 Spares and regular inspections . 28
5.3 Particle sampling and monitoring . 28
6 Materials with high resistance to hydro-abrasive erosion . 29
6.1 Guidelines concerning relative hydro-abrasive erosion resistance of
materials including hydro-abrasive erosion resistant coatings . 29
6.1.1 General . 29
6.1.2 Discussion and conclusions . 30
6.2 Guidelines concerning maintainability of hydro-abrasive erosion resistant
coating materials . 30
6.2.1 Definition of terms used in this subclause . 30
6.2.2 Time between overhaul for protective coatings . 30
6.2.3 Repair of protective coatings . 31
7 Guidelines on insertions into specifications. 32
7.1 General . 32
7.2 Properties of particles going through the turbine . 33
7.3 Size distribution of particles . 34
Annex A (informative) PL calculation example . 35
Annex B (informative) Measuring and recording hydro-abrasive erosion damages . 37
B.1 Recording hydro-abrasive erosion damage . 37
IEC 62364:2019 IEC 2019 – 3 –
B.2 Pelton runner without coating . 37
B.3 Needle tip and mouth piece without coating . 38
B.4 Pelton runner with hardcoating . 38
B.5 Needle tip, seat ring and nozzle housing with coating . 38
B.6 Francis runner and stationary labyrinth without coating . 39
B.7 Francis runner with coating and stationary labyrinth . 39
B.8 Guide vanes and facing plates without coating . 39
B.9 Guide vanes and facing plates with coating . 40
B.10 Stay vanes . 40
B.11 Francis labyrinth seals uncoated . 40
B.12 Kaplan uncoated . 40
B.13 Kaplan coated . 41
B.14 Sample data sheets . 41
B.15 Inspection record, runner blade inlet . 42
B.16 Inspection record, runner blade outlet . 43
B.17 Inspection record, runner band . 44
B.18 Inspection record, guide vanes . 45
B.19 Inspection record, facing plates and covers . 46
B.20 Inspection record, upper stationary seal . 47
B.21 Inspection record, upper rotating seal . 48
B.22 Inspection record, lower stationary seal . 49
B.23 Inspection record, lower rotating seal . 50
B.24 Inspection record, runner bucket . 51
B.25 Inspection record, Pelton runner splitter . 52
Annex C (informative) Monitoring of particle concentration and properties and water
sampling procedure . 53
C.1 General . 53
C.2 Sampling before building a power station . 53
C.3 Sampling in existing power stations . 54
C.4 Logging of samples . 54
Annex D (informative) Procedures for analysis of particle concentration, size,
hardness and shape .
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.