EN 62282-4-102:2017

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2017
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Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks -
Performance test methods (IEC 62282-4-102:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62282-4-102:2017
ICS:
27.070 Gorilne celice Fuel cells
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62282-4-102

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2017
ICS 27.070
English Version
Fuel cell technologies - Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for
industrial electric trucks - Performance test methods
(IEC 62282-4-102:2017)
Technologies des piles à combustible - Partie 4-102: Brennstoffzellen-Technologien - Teil 4-102: Antriebe mit
Systèmes à piles à combustible pour chariots de Brennstoffzellen-Energiesystemen für elektrisch betriebene
manutention électriques - Méthodes d'essai des Flurförderfahrzeuge - Leistungskennwerteprüfverfahren
performances (IEC 62282-4-102:2017)
(IEC 62282-4-102:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-05-15. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 62282-4-102:2017 E

European foreword
The text of document 105/635/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62282-4-102, prepared by IEC TC 105 "Fuel
cell technologies" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has (dop) 2018-02-15
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2020-05-15
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62282-4-102:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:

IEC 62282-3-200 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62282-3-200.
IEC 62282-4-101 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62282-4-101
ISO 6060 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 6060
ISO 6976 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 6976
ISO 10523 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 10523

Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD

applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 61672-1 -  Electroacoustics - Sound level meters -- Part EN 61672-1 -
1: Specifications
IEC 62282-3-201 -  Fuel cell technologies -- Part 3-201: EN 62282-3-201 -
Stationary fuel cell power systems --
Performance test methods for small fuel cell
power systems
IEC 62282-6-300 -  Fuel cell technologies -- Part 6-300: Micro EN 62282-6-300 -
fuel cell power systems - Fuel cartridge
interchangeability
ISO 9000 -  EN ISO 9000 -
ISO 14687-2 -  Hydrogen fuel_- Product specification_- - -
Part_2: Proton exchange membrane_(PEM)
fuel cell applications for road vehicles

IEC 62282-4-102 ®
Edition 1.0 2017-04
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fuel cell technologies –
Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks – Performance

test methods
Technologies des piles à combustible –

Partie 4-102: Systèmes à piles à combustible pour chariots de manutention

électriques – Méthodes d’essai des performances

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 27.070 ISBN 978-2-8322-4125-7

– 2 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols . 11
5 Reference conditions . 13
6 Heating value base . 13
7 Test preparation . 14
7.1 General . 14
7.2 Data acquisition plan . 14
8 Test setup . 14
9 Instruments and measurement methods . 16
9.1 General . 16
9.2 Measurement instruments . 16
9.3 Measurement points . 17
9.4 Minimum required measurement systematic uncertainty . 18
10 Test conditions . 18
10.1 Laboratory conditions . 18
10.2 Installation and operating conditions of the system . 18
10.3 Indication of battery condition . 18
10.4 Quality of test fuel . 18
10.4.1 Hydrogen . 18
10.4.2 Methanol solution . 19
11 Fuel consumption test. 19
11.1 Hydrogen fuel consumption test . 19
11.1.1 General . 19
11.1.2 Test method . 19
11.1.3 Calculation of results . 19
11.2 Methanol fuel consumption test . 21
11.2.1 General . 21
11.2.2 Test method . 21
11.2.3 Calculation of average methanol fuel power input . 21
12 Electrical power output test. 22
12.1 General . 22
12.2 Test method . 22
12.3 Calculation of average electrical power output . 22
12.4 Computation of electrical efficiency . 23
13 Type tests on operational performance . 23
13.1 Cold start maximum power output test . 23
13.1.1 General . 23
13.1.2 Test method . 23
13.1.3 Processing of data . 23
13.2 Power cycling electrical load test . 23
13.2.1 General . 23

IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017 – 3 –
13.2.2 Test method . 23
13.2.3 Processing of data . 24
13.3 Accessory load voltage spike test . 24
13.3.1 General . 24
13.3.2 Test method . 24
13.3.3 Data processing . 24
14 Power stability under the operation . 24
14.1 General . 24
14.2 Power delivered . 24
14.3 Power absorbed . 25
15 Type tests on environmental performance . 25
15.1 General . 25
15.2 Noise test . 25
15.2.1 General . 25
15.2.2 Test conditions . 26
15.2.3 Test method . 27
15.2.4 Processing of data . 27
15.3 Exhaust gas test . 27
15.3.1 General . 27
15.3.2 Components to be measured . 27
15.3.3 Test method . 28
15.3.4 Processing of data . 28
15.4 Discharge water test . 30
15.4.1 General . 30
15.4.2 Test method . 30
16 Test reports . 30
16.1 General . 30
16.2 Title page . 31
16.3 Table of contents . 31
16.4 Summary report . 31
Annex A (informative) Heating values for hydrogen and methanol at reference
conditions . 32
Annex B (informative) Guidelines for the contents of detailed and full reports . 33
B.1 General . 33
B.2 Detailed report . 33
B.3 Full report . 33
Bibliography . 34

Figure 1 – Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks . 10
Figure 2 – Example of a test setup for hydrogen fuel . 15
Figure 3 – Example of a test setup for methanol fuel . 16
Figure 4 – Noise measurement points for fuel cell power systems . 26

Table 1 – Symbols and their meanings for electric/thermal performance . 12
Table 2 – Symbols and their meanings for environmental performance . 13
Table 3 – Power delivered measurements . 25
Table 4 – Power absorbed measurements . 25

– 4 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
Table 5 – Compensation of readings against the effect of background noise . 27
Table A.1 – Heating values for hydrogen and methanol at reference conditions . 32

IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks –
Performance test methods
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses
arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62282-4-102 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 105:
Fuel cell technologies.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
105/635/FDIS 105/642/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62282 series, under the general title Fuel cell technologies, can be
found on the IEC website.
– 6 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 62282-4 provides consistent and repeatable test methods for the
electric/thermal and environmental performance of fuel cell power systems for industrial electric
trucks.
The IEC 62282-4 series deals with categories such as safety, performance, and
interchangeability of fuel cell power systems for propulsion other than road vehicles and
auxiliary power units (APUs). Among the categories mentioned above, this document
(IEC 62282-4-102) focuses on fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks because
such an application is urgently demanded in the world.
This part of IEC 62282-4 describes type tests and their test methods only. No routine tests are
required or identified, and no performance targets are set in this standard.
Fuel cells used in industrial electric trucks, such as forklift trucks, are hybrids and so operate in
several different modes. Similarly, forklift trucks operate in different modes. The purpose of this
document is to evaluate the fuel cell system in the various combinations of fuel cell modes and
forklift truck modes. This document will break down these different modes and provide a
framework for designing and evaluating a fuel cell system for use specifically in a forklift truck.
This part of IEC 62282-4 is to be used by manufacturers of fuel cell power systems used for
industrial electric trucks and/or those who evaluate the performance of their systems for
certification purposes.
Users of this document selectively execute test items that are suitable for their purposes from
those described in this document. This document is not intended to exclude any other methods.

– 8 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES –
Part 4-102: Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks –
Performance test methods
1 Scope
This document covers performance test methods of fuel cell power systems intended to be used
for electrically powered industrial trucks.
The scope of this document is limited to electrically powered industrial trucks. Hybrid trucks that
include an internal combustion engine are not included in the scope. The scope of this standard
will be applicable to material-handling equipment, e.g. forklifts.
This document applies to gaseous hydrogen-fuelled fuel cell power systems and direct methanol
fuel cell power systems for electrically powered industrial trucks.
The following fuels are considered within the scope of this standard:
– gaseous hydrogen, and
– methanol.
This document does not apply to reformer-equipped fuel cell power systems.
This document covers fuel cell power systems whose fuel source container is permanently
attached to either the industrial truck or the fuel cell power system. A fuel source container of the
detachable type is not permitted.
This document applies to DC type fuel cell power systems, with a rated output voltage not
exceeding 150 V DC for indoor and outdoor use.
Fuel cell power systems intended for operation in potentially explosive atmospheres are
excluded from the scope of this document.
This document does not cover the fuel storage systems using liquid hydrogen.
All systems with integrated energy storage systems are covered by this document. This includes
systems, for example, batteries for internal recharges or recharged from an external source.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics – Sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications
IEC 62282-3-201, Fuel cell technologies – Part 3-201: Small stationary fuel cell power systems
– Performance test methods for small fuel cell power systems
IEC 62282-6-300, Fuel cell technologies – Part 6-300: Micro fuel cell power systems – Fuel
cartridge interchangeability
IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017 – 9 –
ISO 9000, Quality management series of standards
ISO 14687-2, Hydrogen fuel – Product Specification – Part 2: Proton exchange membrane
(PEM) fuel cell applications for road vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardisation at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
noise level
sound pressure level produced by the fuel cell power system measured at a specified distance
in all operation modes
Note 1 to entry: Expressed as decibels (dB) and measured as described in 15.2.
3.2
background noise level
sound pressure level of ambient noise at the measurement point
Note 1 to entry: This measurement is taken as described in 15.2 with the fuel cell power system in the cold state.
3.3
battery
electrochemical energy storage device that provides energy input to support parasitic loads
and/or provides electrical energy output
Note 1 to entry: Back-up batteries for control software memory and similar applications are not included.
3.4
cold state
state of a fuel cell power system at ambient temperature with no power input or output
[SOURCE: IEC/TS 62282-1:2013, 3.110.1]
3.5
discharge rate
mass of discharged exhaust gas component per unit of time
3.6
discharge water
water discharged from the fuel cell power system including waste water and condensate
Note 1 to entry: Discharge water does not constitute part of a thermal recovery system.
[SOURCE: IEC/TS 62282-1:2013, 2.2, modified – Note 1 to entry added.]
3.7
fuel cell system electrical efficiency
ratio of the average electric power output of a fuel cell power system at a given duration to the
average fuel power fed to the same fuel cell power system at the same duration

– 10 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
3.8
fuel cell power system
generator system that uses one or more fuel cell module(s) to generate electric power and heat
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1 for a block diagram of a fuel cell power system.
Note 2 to entry: A fuel cell power system may contain all or some of the components shown in Figure 1. The fuel cell
power system for use with industrial trucks will be in one of the forms as outlined in 3.9 and 3.10 of IEC 62282-4-101.
[SOURCE: IEC/TS 62282-1:2013, 3.49, modified – New Note 1 to entry has been added, and
existing Note 1 to entry has become Note 2 to entry with the addition of the second sentence.]
Coolant
Fuel (Hydrogen, Methanol)
System boundary
Excess/released fuel
Fuel storage
(Hydrogen,
Thermal
Methanol)
Waste heat
management
Internal power needs
Fuel
regulating
Power
Fuel cell
Electrical power
and piping
conditioning
module
output
system
Oxidant (air) (stack)
Energy
storage
Exhaust gases
Ventilation
Ventilation air
system
Water
treatment and
Waste water
Water
containment
Control
system
EMD
Vibration, EMI
wind, rain, Noise,
temperature vibration
IEC
Key
Fuel cell power system including subsystems. The interface is defined as a conceptual or functional
one instead of hardware such as a power package.

Subsystems; fuel cell module, fuel processor, etc. These subsystem configurations depend on the
kind of fuel, type of fuel cell or system.

The interface points in the boundary to be measured for calculation data.

EMD electromagnetic disturbance
EMI electromagnetic interference
Figure 1 – Fuel cell power systems for industrial electric trucks
3.9
fuel input
amount of hydrogen or methanol supplied to the fuel cell power system

IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017 – 11 –
3.10
fuel power consumption
amount of energy per time unit contained in the fuel consumed by the fuel cell power system
3.11
fuel consumption
volume or mass of fuel consumed by the fuel cell power system under specified operating
conditions
3.12
minimum electric power output
minimum power output, at which a fuel cell power system is able to operate continuously at a
steady state
3.13
rated power
maximum continuous electric output power that a fuel cell power system (3.8) is designed to
achieve under normal operating conditions specified by the manufacturer
[SOURCE: IEC/TS 62282-1:2013, 3.85.4, modified – Note 1 to entry deleted]
3.14
auxiliary load
power consumed by auxiliary machines and equipment such as balance of plant (BOP)
necessary to operate a fuel cell power system
3.15
storage state
condition of a fuel cell power system that is non-operational and possibly requiring, under
conditions specified by the manufacturer, the input of thermal or electric energy in order to
prevent deterioration of the components and/or energize the control systems and other
components, and is ready for start-up
[SOURCE: IEC/TS 62282-1:2013, 3.110.6, modified – Reference to an inert atmosphere has
been deleted, "and/or energize control systems and other components, and is ready for start-up"
has been added.]
3.16
test duration
time interval in which data points required for the computation of test results are recorded
4 Symbols
The symbols and their meanings used in this part of IEC 62282-4 are given in Table 1 for
electric/thermal performance and in Table 2 for environmental performance, with the
appropriate units.
– 12 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
Table 1 – Symbols and their meanings for electric/thermal performance
Symbol Definition Unit
M, m Molar mass, mass
M Molar mass of fuel g/mol
mf
p Pressure
p Reference pressure (101,325 kPa (abs)) kPa (abs)
p Average fuel pressure kPa (abs)
f
P, dP Power, power change rate
P Average net electric power output kW
n
P
Average fuel power input kJ/s
inf
Input energy
E
E Input energy of fuel (mass and volume) kJ/kg
fm
E Total fuel input energy kJ
inf
Mass flow rate
q
m
q Average mass flow rate of fuel kg/s
mf
q Volumetric flow rate
V
q Average volumetric flow rate of fuel under the test conditions l/min
Vf
q Average volumetric flow rate of fuel under reference conditions l/min
Vf0
H Heating value
H Heating value of fuel on a molar basis under reference conditions kJ/mol
f0
Time
t
Δ Test duration s
t
T Temperature
T
Reference temperature (273,15 K) K
T Average fuel temperature K
f
ΔT Temperature difference between heat recovery fluid output and input K
V Volume, molar volume
Reference molar volume of ideal gas (22,414 l/mol) (at reference temperature T = m /mol
V
m0
273,15 K and pressure p = 101,325 kPa)
Electric energy
W
W Electric energy output kW·h
out
η Efficiency
η
Electric efficiency %
e
η Heat recovery efficiency %
th
η Overall energy efficiency %
total
IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017 – 13 –
Table 2 – Symbols and their meanings for environmental performance
Symbol Definition Unit
Φ Volume fraction
vol % or
φ the measured volume fraction of each component
B,meas
ml/m
vol % or
φ the corrected volume fraction of each component
B,corr
ml/m
φ the measured O (oxygen) volume fraction in atmosphere at air inlet in dry state vol %
at(O2) 2
Φ measured O volume fraction in dry exhaust gas vol %
ex(O2) 2
φ the corrected CO volume fraction in dry exhaust gas ml/m
ex(CO)corr
ml/m
φ the corrected THC volume fraction in dry exhaust gas
ex(THC)corr C
equivalent
Γ Mass concentration
γ the CO mass concentration in dry exhaust gas mg/m
ex(CO)
γ the THC mass concentration in dry exhaust gas mg/m
ex(THC)
ε Emission
ε the mass of CO emission per unit energy of input fuel mg/kW·h
CO
ε the mass of THC per unit energy of fuel input mg/kW·h
THC
α Atom ratio
α the hydrogen to carbon atom ratio of the THC in the exhaust gas.
THC
H Heating value
5 Reference conditions
The reference conditions are specified as follows:
– reference temperature: T = 273,15 K (0 °C);
– reference pressure: p = 101,325 kPa (abs).
6 Heating value base
Except if otherwise specified, the given heating value of fuel shall be the low heating value
(LHV) or similar.
NOTE 1 The heating values of hydrogen and methanol (LHV and HHV) are given in Annex A.
In cases where LHV is applied for the calculation of energy efficiency, it is not necessary to add
the initialism LHV, as shown below:
η , η , or η = XX %
e th total
If the higher heating value (HHV) is applied, the initialism HHV shall be added to the value of
energy efficiency as follows:
η , η , or η = XX % (HHV)
e th total
– 14 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
7 Test preparation
7.1 General
This clause describes typical items that shall be considered prior to the implementation of a test.
For each test, an effort shall be made to minimize uncertainty by selecting high-precision
instruments and planning the tests carefully with attention to detail. Detailed test plans shall be
prepared by the parties to the test using this part of IEC 62282-4 as their basis. A written test
plan shall be prepared.
The following items shall be considered for the test plan:
1) objective;
2) test specifications;
3) test personnel qualifications;
4) quality assurance standards (ISO 9000 series of standards or other equivalent standards);
5) target uncertainty;
6) identification of measurement instruments (refer to Clause 9);
7) estimated range of test parameters;
8) data acquisition plan.
7.2 Data acquisition plan
In order to meet the target uncertainty, proper duration and frequency of readings shall be
defined and data recording equipment shall be prepared before the performance test.
Automatic data acquisition using a personal computer or similar is preferable.
8 Test setup
Figure 2 and Figure 3 illustrate examples of test setups that are required to conduct fuel cell
power system testing with hydrogen fuel and methanol fuel, respectively, which are described
in this document. An electric load is connected to a fuel cell power system.

IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017 – 15 –

T P q F
Hydrogen
fuel
Electricity
Fuel cell Electric
Air
power system load
A P W A P W
in in out out
Electricity
V V
T T
a b
Discharge water Exhaust gas
IEC
a
To collecting device to measure volume (or weight), pH, BOD, COD
b
To collecting device to analyze components
AA
ammeter
VV
voltmeter
,T thermometer
○
pp
pressure gauge
qq
flowmeter
FF
integrating flowmeter
PP
electric power meter
WW
integrating electric power meter (electric energy meter)
Figure 2 – Example of a test setup for hydrogen fuel

– 16 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
NOTE See explanations of the symbols in Figure 2.
Mass
scale
Methanol
fuel tank
Pump
Electricity
Air
Fuel cell EleElectcrictric
power system load
load
P W
A
A  P W  out out
in in
Electricity
V
V
V
T T
Discharge Exhaust
a b
water gas
IEC
a
To collecting device to measure volume (or weight), pH, BOD, COD
b
To collecting device to analyse components
Figure 3 – Example of a test setup for methanol fuel
9 Instruments and measurement methods
9.1 General
Measurement instruments and measurement methods shall conform to the relevant
International Standards. They shall be selected to meet the measurement range specified by the
manufacturer and the required accuracy of measurements.
9.2 Measurement instruments
Measurement instruments are listed according to their intended use:
a) apparatus for measuring voltage spikes: oscilloscope, high-frequency analysers;
b) apparatus for measuring the electric power input and output, and electric energy input and
output:
– electric power meters, electric energy meters, voltmeters, ammeters.
c) apparatus for measuring fuel input:
– flowmeters, integrating flowmeters, weight meters, pressure sensors, temperature
sensors.
d) apparatus for measuring ambient conditions:
– barometers, hygrometers, and temperature sensors.
e) apparatus for measuring the noise level:
– sound level meters as specified in IEC 61672-1 or other measuring instruments of
equivalent or better accuracy.
f) apparatus for measuring concentrations of the exhaust gas components:
– oxygen analyzer (e.g. based on paramagnetic, electrochemical or zirconium oxide
sensors);
– carbon dioxide analyzer (e.g. GC-MS or based on infrared absorption sensor);

IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017 – 17 –
– carbon monoxide analyzer (e.g. based on nondispersive infrared or electrochemical
sensor).
g) apparatus for determining the discharge water:
– graduated cylinder (for volume measurement), temperature sensor, pH meters, BOD
probes.
NOTE 1 BOD means Biochemical Oxygen Demand, COD stands for Chemical Oxygen Demand, and THC is Total
Hydrocarbon.
9.3 Measurement points
Measurement points for the different parameters are described below.
a) Hydrogen fuel flow rate:
place a flowmeter for fuel on the fuel supply line to the fuel cell power system to measure the
fuel flow rate.
b) Hydrogen integrated fuel input:
place an integrating flowmeter for fuel on the fuel supply line to the fuel cell power system to
measure the fuel input. The integrating flowmeter shall combine a flowmeter that measures
the fuel flow rate.
c) Methanol fuel input weight:
place a weight meter under the fuel tank to measure the weight of fuel and tank together.
Methanol fuel input weight is measured by subtracting the weight after the test from that
before the test.
d) Fuel temperature:
connect a thermometer or a thermocouple immediately downstream of the fuel flowmeter.
e) Fuel pressure:
place a pressure meter immediately downstream of the fuel flowmeter to measure the gauge
pressure of fuel.
f) Electric power output:
connect an electrical power meter to the electrical power output terminal of the fuel cell
power system and close to the system boundary.
g) Electric energy output:
connect an electrical energy meter to the electrical power output terminal of the fuel cell
power system and close to the system boundary. The electrical energy meter shall
incorporate an electrical power meter that indicates electrical power output.
h) Fuel composition:
the fuel used during the tests shall be sampled and analyzed on its composition.
i) Atmospheric pressure:
place an absolute pressure meter adjacent to the fuel cell power system where it will not be
affected by ventilation, air intake or exhaust of the fuel cell power system.
j) Atmospheric temperature:
place a thermometer adjacent to the fuel cell power system where the thermometer will not
be affected by ventilation, air intake or exhaust of the fuel cell power system.
k) Atmospheric humidity:
place a hygrometer adjacent to the fuel cell power system where the hygrometer will not be
affected by ventilation, air intake or exhaust of the fuel cell power system.
l) Noise level:
refer to 15.2.
m) Exhaust gas:
– 18 – IEC 62282-4-102:2017 © IEC 2017
place one or more exhaust gas collecting probes combined with a temperature sensor in the
exhaust stream at the exhaust gas outlet (refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3).
n) Discharge water:
place a discharge water reservoir combined with a temperature sensor at the discharge
water outlet.
9.4 Minimum required measurement systematic uncertainty
The following systematic measurement uncertainties of the equipment are recommended. They
are given in percentage of measured/calculated values or as absolute values:
– electric power: ± 1 %;
– electric energy: ± 1 %;
– fuel gas flow rate: ± 1 %;
– integrated gas flow: ± 1 %;
– time: ± 0,5 %;
– liquid fuel mass: ± 1 % of the mass to be determined (not including the tare weight) as in
IEC 62282-3-201;
– relative humidity: ± 5 %;
– absolute pressure: ± 1 %;
– fuel gas and discharge water temperature: ±1 K;
– exhaust gas temperature: ± 4 K.
10 Test conditions
10.1 Laboratory conditions
Unless otherwise specified, performance shall be tested in the environment specified below:
– temperature: 20 °C ± 5 °C;
– humidity: 65 % ± 20 % relative humidity;
– pressure: between 91 kPa (abs) and 106 kPa (abs).
For each test run, the laboratory conditions shall be measured during the test. As air quality shall
affect fuel cell system performance, laboratory air composition (CO , CO, SO and so forth)
2 2
shall be reported with the test result.
10.2 Installation and operating conditions of the system
The fuel cell power system shall be assembled a
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