EN 62693:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2014
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Industrial electroheating installations - Test methods for infrared electroheating
installations
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62693:2013
ICS:
25.180.10 (OHNWULþQHSHþL Electric furnaces
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62693
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.180.10
English version
Industrial electroheating installations -
Test methods for infrared electroheating installations
(IEC 62693:2013)
Installations électrothermiques Industrielle Elektrowärmeanlagen -
industrielles - Prüfverfahren für Infrarot-
Méthodes d'essais relatives aux Elektrowärmeanlagen
installations électrothermiques par (IEC 62693:2013)
rayonnement infrarouge
(CEI 62693:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-07-23. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62693:2013 E
Foreword
The text of document 27/877/CDV, future edition 1 of IEC 62693, prepared by IEC/TC 27 "Industrial
electroheating and electromagnetic processing" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and
approved by CENELEC as EN 62693:2013.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2014-04-23
• latest date by which the document has
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2016-07-23
• latest date by which the national

standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62693:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60038 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60038.
IEC 60398:1999 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60398:1999.
IEC 60519-2:2006 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60519-2:2006.
IEC 60825-1:2007 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-1:2007.
IEC 61010-1:2010 NOTE Harmonised as EN 61010-1:2010.
IEC 62471:2006 NOTE Harmonised as EN 62471:2008 (modified).
ISO 638:2008 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 638:2008.
ISO 2813:1994 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 2813:1999.
ISO 8254-1:2009 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 8254-1:2009.
ISO 8254-2:2003 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 8254-2:2003.

- 3 - EN 62693:2013
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to i nternational publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60519-1 2010 Safety in electroheating installations -  EN 60519-1 2011
+ corr. November 2012 Part 1: General requirements

IEC 60519-12 2013 Safety in electroheating installations - EN 60519-12 2013
Part 12: Particular requirements for infrared
electroheating installations
IEC 62693 ®
Edition 1.0 2013-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Industrial electroheating installations – Test methods for infrared electroheating

installations
Installations électrothermiques industrielles – Méthodes d'essais relatives aux

installations électrothermiques par rayonnement infrarouge

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX V
ICS 25.180.10 ISBN 978-2-83220-866-3

– 2 – 62693  IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope and object . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
3.1 General . 7
3.2 States and parts . 8
3.3 Workload . 8
4 Boundaries of the installation during tests . 9
4.1 Energy considerations . 9
4.2 Batch type installations. 9
4.3 Continuous type installations . 10
5 Types of tests and general test conditions . 10
5.1 General . 10
5.2 List of tests . 11
5.3 Test conditions . 11
5.3.1 Operating conditions during tests . 11
5.3.2 Environmental conditions during tests . 11
5.3.3 Supply voltage . 12
5.4 Infrared dummy workload . 12
6 Measurements . 12
6.1 General . 12
6.2 Time resolution. 12
6.3 Measurements of electric data . 12
6.4 Temperature measurement . 13
7 Technical tests . 13
7.1 Installation performance dependence on supply voltage . 13
7.2 Energy consumption and time of cold start-up operation . 14
7.3 Power consumption of hot standby operation . 14
7.4 Power consumption of holding operation . 14
7.5 Shut-down operation energy consumption and time . 15
7.6 Energy consumption during a regular maintenance operation . 15
7.7 Energy consumption during normal operation . 15
7.8 Cumulative energy consumption and peak power consumption . 16
7.9 Net production capacity . 16
7.10 Efficiency of energy transfer to the workload . 17
7.11 Processing range of intended operation. 17
7.12 Homogeneity of the processed workload . 17
7.13 Infrared radiation distribution in the heating chamber . 17
8 Efficiency of the installation . 17
8.1 General . 17
8.2 Infrared electric conversion efficiency . 18
8.2.1 General . 18
8.2.2 Calculation . 19
8.3 Electroheating efficiency . 19
8.4 Power usage efficiency . 19

62693  IEC:2013 – 3 –
8.5 Energy consumption of the workload . 19
Annex A (normative) Energy transfer efficiency . 21
Annex B (normative) Homogeneity of the workload . 25
Annex C (informative) Measurement of radiation distribution inside the installation . 28
Bibliography . 29

– 4 – 62693  IEC:2013
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
INDUSTRIAL ELECTROHEATING INSTALLATIONS –
TEST METHODS FOR INFRARED ELECTROHEATING INSTALLATIONS

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62693 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 27:
Industrial electroheating and electromagnetic processing.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
27/877/CDV 27/902/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

62693  IEC:2013 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
This standard on particular test methods for infrared electroheating installations is one of
TC 27 standards that describe test methods for various types of electroheating installations.
Test methods for ovens under the scope of IEC 60397 [3] are also covered in this standard
when infrared radiation is the intended heat transfer in such equipment – this is assumed to
be valid above an actual or processing temperature of 700 °C, independently of the rated
temperature of the oven.
This standard is solely concerned with tests for infrared equipment and installations. Tests
that focus on the performance of infrared emitters will be covered by IEC 62798 [11]. The
rationale for this separation is that infrared installations are usually manufactured by other
companies than infrared emitters. Still, infrared emitters are a very important and distinct part
of infrared installations and a set of tests that allow for proper comparison of different infrared
emitters will be valuable to manufacturers of infrared installations.
The major guiding principle in this standard is to define tests that can be performed with the
usual test and measuring equipment available to most kinds of companies, large or small.
The tests focus on the performance and efficiency of installations, as these are of major
interest for manufacturers and users of such installations. The tests are intended to enable a
fair comparison of installations belonging to a given class. The standard includes
considerations and tests concerned with energy efficiency, so that the tests can be used for
assessment of energy use and for energetic optimisation of installations as well.
_______________
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
Under consideration.
– 6 – 62693  IEC:2013
INDUSTRIAL ELECTROHEATING INSTALLATIONS –
TEST METHODS FOR INFRARED ELECTROHEATING INSTALLATIONS

1 Scope and object
This International Standard specifies test procedures, conditions and methods according to
which the main parameters and the main operational characteristics of industrial infrared
electroheating installations are established.
A limitation of the scope is that the infrared emitters have a maximum spectral emission at
longer wavelengths than 780 nm in air or vacuum, and are emitting wideband continuous
spectra such as by thermal radiation or high pressure arcs.
In industrial infrared electroheating installations, infrared radiation is usually generated by
infrared emitters and infrared radiation is significantly dominating over heat convection or heat
conduction as means of energy transfer to the workload.
IEC 60519-1:2010 defines infrared as optical radiation within the frequency range between
about 400 THz and 300 GHz. This corresponds to the wavelength range between 780 nm and
1 mm in vacuum. Industrial infrared heating usually uses infrared sources with rated
temperatures between 500 °C and 3 000 °C; the emitted radiation from these sources
dominates in the wavelength range between 780 nm and 10 µm.
Installations under the scope of this standard typically use the Joule effect for the conversion
of electric energy inside one or several sources into infrared radiation emitted onto the
workload. Such infrared emitters are especially
• thermal infrared emitters in the form of tubular, plate-like or otherwise shaped ceramics
with a resistive element inside;
• infrared quartz glass tube or halogen lamp emitters with a hot filament as a source;
• non insulated elements made from molybdenum disilicide, silicon carbide or comparable
materials;
• restive metallic heating elements made e.g. from nickel based alloys or iron-chromium-
aluminium alloys;
• wide-spectrum arc lamps.
This standard is not applicable to
• infrared installations with lasers or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as main sources – they are
covered by IEC 62471:2006 [9], IEC 60825-1:2007 [6] and IEC/TR 60825-9:1999 [7];
• appliances for use by the general public;
• appliances for laboratory use – they are covered by IEC 61010-1:2010 [8];
• electroheating installations where resistance heated bare wires, tubes or bars are used as
heating elements, and infrared radiation is not a dominant side effect of the intended use,
covered by IEC 60519-2:2006 [5];
• infrared heating equipment with a nominal combined electrical power of the infrared
emitters of less than 250 W;
• handheld infrared equipment.
The tests are intended to be used to enable a fair comparison of the performance of
installations belonging to the same class.

62693  IEC:2013 – 7 –
Tests related to safety of the installations are defined in IEC 60519-12:2013. Tests related to
the performance of infrared electroheating emitters are specified in IEC 62798:— [11].
Therefore, this standard is applicable to ovens and furnaces with resistive heating elements if
they fall under the scope of this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60519-1:2010, Safety in electroheating installations – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60519-12:2013, Safety in electroheating installations – Part 12: Particular Requirements
for infrared electroheating installations
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions of IEC 60519-12:2013 and the
following apply.
NOTE General definitions are given in the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, IEC 60050 [2]. Terms
relating to industrial electroheating are defined in IEC 60050-841.
3.1 General
3.1.1
installation class
group within a type of installation, using the same principle for processing the workload and
the size of this as well as the production capacity
3.1.2
production capacity
measure of the production rate capability of equipment in normal operation
EXAMPLE Flow, mass or volume.
Note 1 to entry: The capacity does not refer to the volume of the working space.
3.1.3
electroheating efficiency,
ratio of the usable enthalpy increase in the workload to the electric energy supplied to it at the
location of the equipment, during a cycle of batch operation or stationary operation during a
suitable time period for measurements
[SOURCE IEC 60050-841:2004, 841-22-70, modified – The term itself has been modified and
details with respect to the kind of operation have been added.]
3.1.4
electric conversion efficiency
quotient between the available electric active power output for the transfer to the workload,
and the electric input active power from the supply network, at power settings for normal
operation
Note 1 to entry:  The concept does not apply to conversion of electric energy to infrared radiation by heated
elements.
– 8 – 62693  IEC:2013
3.1.5
intended workload quality
product quality
degree to which a set of inherent characteristics of a processed workload fulfils requirements
Note 1 to entry:  All workload that does not attain the intended workload quality is regarded as scrap or undergoes
rework to reach intended workload quality.
3.2 States and parts
3.2.1
cold start-up
process by which the equipment is energised into hot standby operation, from the cold state,
including all other start-up operations which enable the equipment to operate as intended
Note 1 to entry:  This mode of operation applies to cases where there is a significant energy consumption needed
for obtaining a state of the equipment allowing the actual processing of the workload.
3.2.2
holding power
electric power consumption during which the workload is kept in the treatment chamber at a
specified temperature
Note 1 to entry:  The temperature is typically maintained during a time intended to equalize the workload
temperature.
Note 2 to entry:  This mode of operation is not applicable for certain types of electroheating equipment.
3.2.3
hot standby operation
mode of operation of the installation occurring immediately after normal operation
Note 1 to entry:  This mode of operation of the installation is with its hot state remaining, without workload, and
with the means of operation ready for prompt normal operation.
3.2.4
normal operation
range of output settings with the normal workload in allowable working conditions of the
installation, as specified in the manufacturer’s documentation
3.2.5
shut-down operation
process by which the installation is de-energised safely into the cold state
3.2.6
port
entrance or exit opening in the treatment chamber or enclosure through which the workload
moves
3.2.7
means of access
all structural features of the infrared electroheating installation which can be opened or
removed without the use of a tool to provide access to the interior of the installation
3.3 Workload
3.3.1
normal workload
object intended to be processed as specified in the manufacturer’s documentation
Note 1 to entry:  The workload is called “charge” in some electroheating contexts.

62693  IEC:2013 – 9 –
Note 2 to entry:  The workload includes any container, holder or other device necessary for the processing and
which is directly or indirectly subjected to the output power.
3.3.2
dummy workload
artificial workload with known thermal properties, designed for accurate enthalpy increase
measurements by absorbing the available output power
3.3.3
infrared dummy workload
IDW
dummy workload intended to mimic the physical behaviour of the workload, especially its
radiation absorption behaviour, allowing for the effective measurement of specific parameters
of the process
Note 1 to entry:  Example for a specific parameter is the homogeneity of processing of the surface of the workload.
Note 2 to entry:  This note applies to the French language only.
4 Boundaries of the installation during tests
4.1 Energy considerations
It is necessary to define boundaries or limits of the installation with respect to equipment and
energy uses included in or excluded from considerations during tests and calculations. The
following definitions of boundaries are intended to enable fair comparisons for both batch and
continuous type installations:
a) Energy of compression or decompression of steam, air or any other gas in the process
chamber shall be included in the used and lost energy calculations of the installation.
b) Exo- or endothermic chemical energy involving any reactive gases in the processing of the
workload shall be included.
c) Energy used for cooling action by any excess reactive and/or inert gases in the processing
of the workload shall be included in the calculation of used and lost energy of the
installation.
d) Energy used for cooling of the processed workload to ambient temperature or as
preparation for further treatment as part of normal operation shall be included, but stated
separately in the calculation of used and lost energy. If a part of this thermal energy is
transferred back into the installation or process, this recycling of thermal energy shall be
reported separately, to allow comparisons with other installations in the same class but
without this feature. Thermal energy used outside the process shall not be included in
reporting.
4.2 Batch type installations
Batch type installations are characterised by a discontinuous processing. If there are means
of access, these are opened and a workload is placed inside the treatment chamber of the
installation and then undergoes normal operation. The means of access are then reopened
and the workload is removed from the treatment chamber and the installation either goes into
hot standby operation with closed means of access, or the process is restarted with another
workload.
Normal operation always includes heating and can also include one or more of the following
sub-processes:
• closing and opening of means of access;
• pressurising of the treatment chamber;
• transport of the workload – this includes for example wobbling movement during operation;

– 10 – 62693  IEC:2013
• holding the workload at a specified temperature for a specified time;
• introducing reactive or protective gases into the treatment chamber – including deposition
processes;
• free or forced cooling of the workload – for example, if cooling is necessary to avoid
damage by exposing the hot workload to ambient atmosphere.
The energy used to perform these sub-processes shall be included. The spatial boundary of
the installation with respect to the process is defined by:
a) an entrance port position where the workload is placed prior to normal operation or the
equipment which transports the workload into the treatment chamber; this equipment and
its energy use is a part of the installation;
b) an exit port position where the workload is placed after normal operation for removal, or
the equipment which moves the workload out of the treatment chamber; this equipment
and its energy use is part of the installation;
c) all equipment in between, including for example all switchgear, pumps, cooling means
necessary to operate the equipment.
NOTE In vacuum equipment, the boundary between the infrared installation and another installation is typically a
valve.
The cycle of batch operation relevant for measurement shall begin after hot standby
operation.
4.3 Continuous type installations
Continuous type installations are characterised by a continuous or semi-continuous
processing. The workload is conveyed through the treatment chamber of the installation
during normal operation. The steps of treatment occur at consecutive positions inside the
installation as the workload is transported through it – for example in roll to roll operations or
in sheet feed installations. This kind of installation usually goes into hot standby operation
when no workload is conveyed.
The normal operation always includes heating and can include one or more of the following
sub-processes which occur at separated spatial positions inside the installation:
• holding the workload at a specified temperature;
• introducing reactive or protective gases – including deposition processes;
• free or forced cooling of the workload – for example if cooling is necessary to avoid
damage by exposing the hot workload to ambient atmosphere.
The energy used to perform these processes shall be included. The boundary of the
installation is defined by
a) the entrance and exit ports;
b) all equipment in between, including for example all switchgear, pumps, cooling means
necessary for operation of the equipment.
The energy consumption of transport or roll handling in stand-alone installations is included in
the used energy. It shall be stated separately in the calculations.
5 Types of tests and general test conditions
5.1 General
No tests are defined for installations in the cold state. All such tests are safety related and are
not covered by the scope of this standard. Relevant safety related tests are described in
IEC 60519-1 and IEC 60519-12.
62693  IEC:2013 – 11 –
5.2 List of tests
The following tests shall be conducted in the hot state of the installation during commissioning
or when the installation is ready for normal operation as well as at regular intervals as
specified by the manufacturer, following maintenance or after modifications:
a) influence of supply voltage on the performance, refer to 7.1;
b) energy consumption during cold start-up operation and time needed, refer to 7.2;
c) power consumption during standby operation, refer to 7.3;
d) power consumption during holding operation, refer to 7.4;
e) energy consumption during shutting down operation and time needed, refer to 7.5;
f) energy consumption during regular maintenance operation, refer to 7.6;
g) energy consumption during normal operation, refer to 7.7;
h) energy consumption during a full operation cycle and peak power consumption, refer to
7.8;
i) production capacity, refer to 7.9;
j) efficiency of energy transfer to workload, refer to Annex A;
k) processing range of the installation to perform the intended operation, refer to 7.11;
l) homogeneity of workload processing, refer to Annex B;
m) infrared radiation distribution inside the installation, refer to Annex C.
Additional tests may be specified in the commissioning and operation manuals issued by the
manufacturer or may be agreed between the manufacturer and user.
5.3 Test conditions
5.3.1 Operating conditions during tests
Operating conditions during tests shall be in the range of normal operation conditions and
thus reflect the manufacturer’s intended use of the installation while excluding extreme usage
patterns, deliberate misuse or unauthorized modifications of the installation or its operating
parameters.
5.3.2 Environmental conditions during tests
All tests shall be performed
a) under standardised environmental conditions, at ambient temperature in the range
between 5 °C and 40 °C and air relative humidity of less than 95 %, or
b) at the point of use of the installation under the available and specified environmental
conditions there.
The environmental conditions shall not exceed those defined for the intended purpose of the
installation. All environmental conditions affecting measurement results shall be monitored
during the tests and be part of the measurement report. This includes
• air temperature and humidity near the installation;
• temperature and humidity of cooling air drawn into the installation;
• exhaust air temperature;
• temperature of the workload when entering the installation;
• moisture content of the workload when entering the installation, if applicable.

– 12 – 62693  IEC:2013
5.3.3 Supply voltage
The supply voltage shall not exceed the limits defined for the intended purpose.
NOTE Limits of variation of line voltage are set in IEC 60038 [1].
The supply voltage to the installation shall be monitored during the tests.
All measurements of specific electrical values, such as power consumption or current shall
include the data of the supply voltage.
5.4 Infrared dummy workload
The following aspects shall be considered when using an infrared dummy workload (IDW):
• in case of a planar workload, the IDW shall be planar;
• the IDW shall have the same size in batch processes or the same width in continuous
processes as the intended workload, if effects covering the full usable size of the
installation are to be tested;
• in case it is intended to process workloads with a complex shape, the IDWs shape shall
include all relevant geometrical features of the normal workload;
• for the measurement of temperature homogeneity, the IDW shall have a comparable heat
absorbing capacity, i.e. the factor of volume, density and heat capacity c ;
p
• for the measurement of evaporation homogeneity, the IDW shall be made of the same
material as the workload and be prepared with a comparable amount of evaporable
substance;
• for the measurement of crosslinking homogeneity, the IDW shall be made of the same
material as the workload.
6 Measurements
6.1 General
More than a single measurement is recommended for the tests defined in this standard. For
time resolved measurements a data logger or multi-channel electronic data acquisition system
shall be used, which automatically measures and stores the necessary data in a computer
readable format.
6.2 Time resolution
The necessary time resolution of the measuring equipment and the data saving rate of the
storage devices depends on the installation and the specific tests to be undertaken. The
measurement and storage frequency shall be so high that all relevant signal variations are
recorded.
6.3 Measurements of electric data
6.3.1 All equipment for voltage measurement shall be of class 2.0 or better. The measuring
equipment for a.c. current shall be able to show true rms independently of the waveform.
6.3.2 All equipment for current measurement shall be of class 2.0 or better. The current
measuring equipment for a.c. current shall be able to measure true rms independently of the
waveform.
6.3.3 All equipment for energy consumption measurement shall be of class 2.0 or better.
The measuring equipment shall be able to measure active and reactive energy independently
of the waveform.
62693  IEC:2013 – 13 –
6.3.4 All equipment for power consumption measurement shall be of class 2.0 or better.
The measuring equipment shall be able to measure active and reactive power independently
of the waveform.
6.3.5 Measurements of all electric values, which are part of a test of energy or power use
of the installation shall be performed at the power inlet to the installation.
6.3.6 Measurements of all electric values, which are part of a test of energy or power use
of the infrared emitters of the installation, shall be performed at the power outlet of the
switchgear connected to the emitters; transformers, capacitor circuits or comparable devices
necessary to drive the emitter are part of the switchgear.
6.3.7 Measurements of all electric values, which are part of a test of energy or power use
of auxiliary equipment, shall be performed at the respective power outlet of the switchgear
connected to that equipment.
6.3.8 Specific access points may be installed during manufacturing of the installation.
Measuring equipment may be part of the switchgear; its energy use is considered as part of
the energy use of the switchgear.
6.4 Temperature measurement
The kind of equipment used for temperature measurement depends for example on the task,
temperature range, available information on the surfaces being measured, and accessibility.
Contacting thermocouples are simple to use and reliable. They provide reliable and exact
results if an intimate and non detachable contact to a surface of an object with high mass and
good thermal conduction to the thermocouple is possible.
Pyrometers and infrared cameras summarised as thermographic methods may be used for all
surfaces at elevated temperature, when the emissivity of the surface is well known and when
the surface is considered as lambertian – i.e. following a cosine law of angular emissivity. The
used value of emissivity, the measurement wavelength and the presumed error of emissivity
shall be included in all measurement reports.
The relative measurement error for all temperature measurements in compliance with this
standard shall not exceed 5 % of the temperature of the measured value stated in °C.
Measurement accuracy shall be included in the measurement report.
NOTE The German VDI/VDE 3511 series [19 – 26] provides information on best practices for temperature
measurement in industry.
7 Technical tests
7.1 Installation performance dependence on supply voltage
The actual supply voltage or its variation influences the performance of the infrared
electroheating installation, if the infrared emitters operate on this directly or via fixed
transformers. This effect can be even larger, if the actual supply voltage or the declared
supply voltage differs from the rated supply voltage.
The variation of power consumption of individual infrared emitters with their applied working
voltage depends on the type of emitter. This data may be supplied by the manufacturer of the
emitter and the variation of power consumption with its actual working voltage
• shall either be calculated using this data,

– 14 – 62693  IEC:2013
• or may be measured by tracking the supply voltage of the installation and the power
consumption of the installation or the emitters over a long period and at otherwise
constant settings of the installation.
NOTE The future standard on infrared emitter tests [11] will consider the measurement of variation of power
consumption depending on voltage.
Variation of power with the actual working voltage affects other parameters of the installation
as well – for example wall temperature, processing time, heating up time.
The actual supply voltage can affect the results of all tests as well; it shall be part of the test
report.
7.2 Energy consumption and time of cold start-up operation
The following applies for the measurement of cold start-up time and energy consumption for
installations that by intent need to perform this operation prior to normal operation.
a) The installation shall be heated up from ambient conditions as stated in 5.3.2.
b) The installation is operated without a workload, if applicable.
c) Any preheating of the treatment chamber or zone to arrive at a state as close as
reasonable to hot standby operation is carried out, if applicable.
d) The cold start-up total electric energy consumption and time are measured.
Cold start-up energy consumption can be measured for
• the complete infrared installation;
• the infrared emitters only;
• the auxiliary equipment only.
If the installation is intended to be heated up safely with workload only, this shall be
considered.
7.3 Power consumption of hot standby operation
The following applies for the measurement of hot standby power consumption:
a) The installation is operated without workload, if applicable.
b) Conditions of hot standby operation are maintained.
c) The total energy consumption during hot standby and duration of hot standby are
measured.
Hot standby power can be measured for
• the complete infrared installation;
• the infrared emitters only;
• the auxiliary equipment only.
7.4 Power consumption of holding operation
The holding feature of an installation is usually needed to achieve workload temperature
equilibration after the process proper and does not exist in some types of installations.
NOTE The major difference between hot standby and holding is that the workload is present in the latter case and
can emit radiation, or supply convective or conductive energy to its ambient. This is usually compensated by
variation of the external energy supply to maintain the workload temperature.
The following applies for the measurement of the power consumption during temperature
holding operation with workload:

62693  IEC:2013 – 15 –
a) The test is applicable if holding is part of normal operation.
b) The installation is operated with a heated up workload.
c) The temperature of the workload is kept constant, using particular control settings for this
purpose.
d) The total energy consumption during holding and the holding time are measured.
Holding power can be measured for
• the complete infrared installation;
• the infrared emitters only;
• the auxiliary equipment only.
7.5 Shut-down operation energy consumption and time
The following applies for the measurement of energy consumption during shut-down
operation, if applicable:
a) The installation is shut down as specified by the manufacturer.
b) The total energy consumption during shut-down and the shut-down time are measured.
Shut-down power consumption can be measured for
• the complete infrared installation;
• the
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