EN 415-4:2025
(Main)Safety of packaging machines - Part 4: Palletizers and depalletizers and associated equipment
Safety of packaging machines - Part 4: Palletizers and depalletizers and associated equipment
This document is applicable to the following groups of machines, auxiliary equipment and their combinations:
- palletizers;
- depalletizers;
- auxiliary equipment incorporated in or linked to the operations of palletizers and depalletizers;
- conveying systems which are part of palletizers or depalletizers;
- palletizers combined with functions of machines which are covered by other parts of EN 415, but detailed requirements are only provided for palletizing functions.
The individual machines are described in 3.2. Auxiliary equipment is described in 3.3.
This document deals with safety requirements for machine design, transport, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of palletizers, depalletizers, auxiliary equipment and conveying systems which are part of palletizer or depalletizer. The extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered is indicated in Annex A.
Exclusions:
This document is not applicable to the following machines:
- machines that were manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN;
- conveyors that connect palletizers and depalletizers with machines that are not in the scope of this document.
Conveyors in the scope of this document also fall in the scope of EN 619:2022, however, this document describes the additional or specific hazards for conveyors fitted into palletizers and depalletizers and so the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of EN 619:2022.
This document does not consider the following hazards:
— the use of palletizers and depalletizers in a potentially explosive atmosphere;
— the health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that are contained in the unit load handled by palletizers and depalletizers except for the spillage of hazardous substances caused by the malfunction of a machine.
Sicherheit von Verpackungsmaschinen - Teil 4: Palettierer und Depalettierer und zugehörige Ausrüstungen
Dieses Dokument gilt für die folgenden Gruppen von Maschinen, Hilfseinrichtungen und Kombinationen daraus:
- Palettierer;
- Depalettierer;
- Hilfseinrichtungen, die in Palettierer und Depalettierer integriert oder mit deren Arbeitsprozess verbunden sind;
- Fördersysteme, die Bestandteil von Palettierern oder Depalettierern sind.
- Palettierer, kombiniert mit Funktionen von Maschinen, die von anderen Teilen von EN 415 abgedeckt werden, jedoch sind detaillierte Anforderungen nur für Palettierfunktionen vorgesehen.
Die einzelnen Maschinen sind in 3.2 beschrieben. Hilfseinrichtungen sind in 3.3 beschrieben.
Dieses Dokument befasst sich mit den Sicherheitsanforderungen für die Konstruktion, den Transport, die Installation, die Inbetriebnahme, den Betrieb, das Einrichten, die Instandhaltung und die Reinigung von Palettierern, Depalettierern, Hilfseinrichtungen und Fördersysteme, die Teil der Palettierer oder Depalettierer sind. Der Umfang, in dem Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Ereignisse abgedeckt sind, ist in Anhang B angegeben.
Ausschlüsse:
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für die folgenden Maschinen:
- Maschinen, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden;
- Förderbänder, die Palettierer und Depalettierer mit Maschinen verbinden, die nicht Teil dieses Dokuments sind.
Förderbänder im Geltungsbereich dieses Dokuments fallen ebenfalls unter den Geltungsbereich von EN 619:2002+A1:2010. Diese Norm beschreibt jedoch die zusätzlichen oder spezifischen Gefährdungen für Förderbänder, die in Palettierern und Depalettierern eingebaut sind, daher haben die Anforderungen dieses Dokuments Vorrang vor den Anforderungen von EN 619:2002+A1:2010.
Dieses Dokument berücksichtigt nicht die folgenden Gefährdungen:
- die Nutzung von Palettierern und Depalettierern in explosionsgefährdeter Atmosphäre;
- Gesundheits-, Sicherheits- oder Hygienegefährdungen in Verbindung mit den Produkten, die in der von Palettierern und Depalettierern gehandhabten Ladeeinheit enthalten sind, außer dem Verschütten von gefährlichen Substanzen, die durch die Fehlfunktion der Maschine verursacht werden.
Sécurité des machines d'emballage - Partie 4 : Palettiseurs et dépalettiseurs et équipement associé
Le présent document s'applique aux groupes de machines suivants, ainsi qu'aux équipements auxiliaires et à leurs combinaisons :
- palettiseurs ;
- dépalettiseurs ;
- équipements auxiliaires intégrés dans ou associés à l'utilisation de palettiseurs et dépalettiseurs ;
- systèmes de convoyage faisant partie de palettiseurs ou de dépalettiseurs ;
- palettiseurs avec des fonctions combinées provenant de machines qui ne sont pas couvertes par les autres parties de l'EN 415, les exigences détaillées sont fournies uniquement pour les fonctions des palettiseurs.
Les machines individuelles sont décrites en 3.2. Les équipements auxiliaires sont décrits en 3.3.
Le présent document traite des exigences de sécurité applicables à la conception des machines, au transport, au montage, à la mise en service, à l'exploitation, à l'entretien et au nettoyage des palettiseurs, dépalettiseurs, équipements auxiliaires et systèmes de convoyage faisant partie de palettiseurs ou de dépalettiseurs. L'étendue des phénomènes, situations et événements dangereux couverts est indiquée à l'Annexe A.
Exclusions :
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux machines suivantes :
- machines fabriquées avant la date de publication du présent document par le CEN ;
- convoyeurs qui relient des palettiseurs et des dépalettiseurs à des machines qui n'entrent pas dans le domaine d'application du présent document.
Les convoyeurs couverts par le présent document entrent également dans le domaine d'application de l'EN 619:2022, cependant, le présent document décrit les phénomènes dangereux supplémentaires ou particuliers associés aux convoyeurs montés sur des palettiseurs et des dépalettiseurs, et, par conséquent, les exigences du présent document prévalent sur celles de l'EN 619:2022.
Le présent document ne traite pas des phénomènes dangereux suivants :
- l'utilisation de palettiseurs et dépalettiseurs dans des atmosphères potentiellement explosives ;
- les phénomènes dangereux pour la santé, la sécurité ou l'hygiène qui sont associés aux produits contenus dans la charge unitaire manipulée par des palettiseurs et dépalettiseurs, sauf en ce qui concerne un déversement de substances dangereuses provoqué par le dysfonctionnement d'une machine.
Varnost pakirnih strojev - 4. del: Stroji za nakladanje in razkladanje palet ter pripadajoča oprema
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 16-Dec-2025
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 146 - Packaging machines - Safety
- Current Stage
- 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
- Start Date
- 17-Dec-2025
- Due Date
- 29-Aug-2022
- Completion Date
- 17-Dec-2025
Relations
- Effective Date
- 19-Jan-2023
- Replaces
EN 415-4:1997/AC:2002 - Safety of packaging machines - Part 4: Palletisers and depalletisers - Effective Date
- 21-Sep-2022
Overview
EN 415-4:2025 - Safety of packaging machines - Part 4: Palletizers and depalletizers and associated equipment (CEN) defines safety requirements specific to palletizers, depalletizers, their auxiliary equipment and conveying systems when incorporated in those machines. The standard addresses the machine lifecycle: design, transport, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning, and specifies which hazards are covered (see Annex A) and significant hazards listing (Annex B). It takes precedence over EN 619:2022 for conveyors that are part of palletizing/depalletizing systems.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and machine definitions: Clear descriptions of palletizers, depalletizers and auxiliary equipment (clauses 3.2–3.3).
- Risk control principles: Inherently safe design, safeguarding, fixed and interlocked guards, prevention of unexpected lowering and release from trapping.
- Access and guarding: Requirements for operator access, apertures in guards, fixed vs. movable guards and operations with open guards.
- Control and safety functions: Emergency stop, safety-related stop functions, prevention of unexpected start-up, remote control/teleservice requirements, and safety of variable-speed drives.
- Specific machine types: Additional requirements for semi-automatic stripper-plate palletizers, low/high level palletizers, column pick-and-place, robot palletizers, case‑packer palletizers, multi-station palletizers with AGV interfaces.
- End‑effectors and attachments: Requirements for mechanical, vacuum and magnetic gripping heads, roller curtains, pallet stacker/destacker and pallet changers.
- Auxiliary functions: Layer pad mechanisms, pallet grouping/ungrouping, pallet condition and load-size checkers.
- Hazards & physical aspects: Machine stability, stored energy, pneumatic/hydraulic systems, electrical equipment, noise reduction (Annex A noise test code), prevention of falling products and ergonomics.
- Verification & information: Procedures for verification of safety measures (Clause 5) and user/operator information and instructions (Clause 6).
Practical applications and users
Who uses EN 415-4:2025:
- Machine manufacturers and designers of palletizers/depalletizers seeking CE compliance and safe design practices.
- System integrators combining conveyors, AGVs and robots in palletizing lines.
- Safety engineers and compliance officers developing risk assessments, guarding strategies and verification protocols.
- Maintenance and operations teams implementing safe maintenance, cleaning and changeover procedures.
- Procurement teams specifying safety requirements in tenders for packaging machinery.
Practical uses:
- Design reviews and hazard identification for palletizing lines.
- Specifying guarding, control‑system safety functions and emergency stop integration.
- Defining safe AGV access, robot cell interfaces and layer pad handling measures.
Related standards
- EN 619:2022 (conveyors) - EN 415-4 takes precedence for conveyors integrated into palletizers/depalletizers.
- Other parts of the EN 415 series - for packaging machine families and overlapping functions.
Keywords: EN 415-4:2025, palletizers, depalletizers, packaging machinery safety, CEN standard, conveyor safety, robot palletizer, AGV, gripping head, pallet changer.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 415-4:2025 is a draft published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Safety of packaging machines - Part 4: Palletizers and depalletizers and associated equipment". This standard covers: This document is applicable to the following groups of machines, auxiliary equipment and their combinations: - palletizers; - depalletizers; - auxiliary equipment incorporated in or linked to the operations of palletizers and depalletizers; - conveying systems which are part of palletizers or depalletizers; - palletizers combined with functions of machines which are covered by other parts of EN 415, but detailed requirements are only provided for palletizing functions. The individual machines are described in 3.2. Auxiliary equipment is described in 3.3. This document deals with safety requirements for machine design, transport, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of palletizers, depalletizers, auxiliary equipment and conveying systems which are part of palletizer or depalletizer. The extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered is indicated in Annex A. Exclusions: This document is not applicable to the following machines: - machines that were manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN; - conveyors that connect palletizers and depalletizers with machines that are not in the scope of this document. Conveyors in the scope of this document also fall in the scope of EN 619:2022, however, this document describes the additional or specific hazards for conveyors fitted into palletizers and depalletizers and so the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of EN 619:2022. This document does not consider the following hazards: — the use of palletizers and depalletizers in a potentially explosive atmosphere; — the health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that are contained in the unit load handled by palletizers and depalletizers except for the spillage of hazardous substances caused by the malfunction of a machine.
This document is applicable to the following groups of machines, auxiliary equipment and their combinations: - palletizers; - depalletizers; - auxiliary equipment incorporated in or linked to the operations of palletizers and depalletizers; - conveying systems which are part of palletizers or depalletizers; - palletizers combined with functions of machines which are covered by other parts of EN 415, but detailed requirements are only provided for palletizing functions. The individual machines are described in 3.2. Auxiliary equipment is described in 3.3. This document deals with safety requirements for machine design, transport, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of palletizers, depalletizers, auxiliary equipment and conveying systems which are part of palletizer or depalletizer. The extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered is indicated in Annex A. Exclusions: This document is not applicable to the following machines: - machines that were manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN; - conveyors that connect palletizers and depalletizers with machines that are not in the scope of this document. Conveyors in the scope of this document also fall in the scope of EN 619:2022, however, this document describes the additional or specific hazards for conveyors fitted into palletizers and depalletizers and so the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of EN 619:2022. This document does not consider the following hazards: — the use of palletizers and depalletizers in a potentially explosive atmosphere; — the health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that are contained in the unit load handled by palletizers and depalletizers except for the spillage of hazardous substances caused by the malfunction of a machine.
EN 415-4:2025 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 55.200 - Packaging machinery. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 415-4:2025 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 415-4:1997, EN 415-4:1997/AC:2002. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
EN 415-4:2025 is associated with the following European legislation: EU Directives/Regulations: 2006/42/EC; Standardization Mandates: M/396. When a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with it benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the corresponding EU directive or regulation.
You can purchase EN 415-4:2025 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 415-4:2021
01-september-2021
Varnost pakirnih strojev - 4. del: Stroji za nakladanje in razkladanje palet ter
pripadajoča oprema
Safety of packaging machines - Part 4: Palletizers and depalletizers and associated
equipment
Sicherheit von Verpackungsmachinen - Teil 4: Palettierer und Depalettierer und
zugehörige Ausrüstungen
Sécurité des machines d'emballage - Partie 4 : Palettiseurs et dépalettiseurs et
équipement associé
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 415-4
ICS:
55.200 Pakirni stroji Packaging machinery
oSIST prEN 415-4:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST prEN 415-4:2021
oSIST prEN 415-4:2021
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 415-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2021
ICS 55.200 Will supersede EN 415-4:1997
English Version
Safety of packaging machines - Part 4: Palletizers and
depalletizers and associated equipment
Sécurité des machines d'emballage - Partie 4 : Sicherheit von Verpackungsmachinen - Teil 4:
Palettiseurs et dépalettiseurs et équipement associé Palettierer und Depalettierer und zugehörige
Ausrüstungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 146.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 415-4:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
oSIST prEN 415-4:2021
prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 6
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 10
3.1 Definitions . 10
3.2 Definitions of palletizers and depalletizers . 12
3.2.1 General . 12
3.3 Definition of auxiliary equipment . 13
3.3.1 General . 13
4 Safety requirements . 14
4.1 General requirements . 14
4.1.1 Introduction . 14
4.1.2 Risk from moving parts – inherently safe design – physical aspects . 14
4.1.3 Safeguards . 14
4.1.4 Fixed or interlocked movable guards . 14
4.1.5 Operator access to hazard zone . 15
4.1.6 Apertures in guards. 16
4.1.7 Prevention of unexpected lowering of machine components . 19
4.1.8 Release from trapping . 23
4.1.9 Machine stability . 23
4.1.10 Pneumatic and hydraulic equipment. 24
4.1.11 Measures to prevent falls from height . 24
4.1.12 Electric equipment . 24
4.1.13 Noise reduction . 24
4.1.14 Conveyor crossing points . 25
4.1.15 Measures to prevent risks from falling products . 26
4.1.16 Emergency stop function . 27
4.1.17 Control functions . 27
4.1.18 Safety related stop functions. 27
4.1.19 Safety related stops of variable speed electrical power drive systems . 27
4.1.20 Stopping time . 27
4.1.21 Unespected start up. 27
4.1.22 Requirements for remote control (teleservice) . 27
4.1.23 Size or product changing . 27
4.1.24 Ergonomic design principles . 27
4.1.25 Measures to prevent reasonably foreseeable misuse . 27
4.1.26 Operations with open guards . 27
4.1.27 Stored energy. 27
4.1.28 Laser radiation . 27
4.1.29 Measures to control hazards generated by substances and materials . 28
4.1.30 Measures to control hazards generated by packaging materials in case of
malfunction . 28
4.2 Safety requirement for semi-automatic stripper plate palletizer . 28
4.2.1 Ergonomic hazards . 28
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
4.2.2 Moving parts . 28
4.2.3 Requirement for safety related parts of control system . 28
4.3 Safety requirements for an automatic low level palletizer or depalletizer . 28
4.3.1 Safeguarding of the of load lifting device . 28
4.3.2 Requirement for safety related parts of control system . 29
4.4 Safety requirement for high level palletizer or depalletizer . 29
4.4.1 Prevention fall hazard . 29
4.4.2 Requirement for safety related parts of control system . 29
4.5 Safety requirement for automatic column pick and place palletizer and depalletizer . 30
4.5.1 Prevention of slip, trip and fall hazard . 30
4.5.2 Measures to prevent risks from falling products . 30
4.5.3 Requirements for safety related parts of control system . 30
4.6 Safety requirements for a robot palletizer or depalletizers . 30
4.6.1 General . 30
4.6.2 Requirement for safety related parts of control function . 30
4.7 Requirement for a case-packer palletizer . 30
4.8 Requirements for multi station palletizer served by AGV . 31
4.8.1 General . 31
4.8.2 Safe access of AGV . 32
4.8.3 Requirement for safety related parts of control system . 35
4.9 Requirements for a mechanical gripping head . 35
4.9.1 Measures to prevent the load falling . 35
4.10 Requirements for vacuum gripping head . 35
4.11 Requirements for a magnetic gripping head . 35
4.12 Requirement for a roller curtain . 36
4.13 Requirements for a pallet stacker/destacker . 36
4.13.1 Requirement to prevent pallet falling . 36
4.13.2 Measures against crushing and shearing . 37
4.13.3 Automatic start-up of an empty pallet magazine . 37
4.13.4 Safety function of the machine . 39
4.14 Requirements for a pallet changer . 39
4.14.1 Requirement to prevent product falling . 39
4.14.2 Automatic pallet changer . 40
4.14.3 Semi-automatic pallet changer . 40
4.14.4 Safety function of the machine . 40
4.15 Requirements for pallets grouping and ungrouping machines . 40
4.15.1 Safeguarding . 40
4.16 Requirements for layer pad mechanism . 42
4.16.1 Measures to prevent risks when loading or unloading layer pad . 42
4.16.2 Measures when layer pad insertion or removal is done by a robot . 42
4.16.3 Measures for the deposit or removal of layer pads . 43
4.16.4 Safety function of the machine . 44
4.17 Requirements for a pallet load size or weight checker . 44
4.17.1 Requirements on moving parts . 44
4.17.2 Requirements on the moving pallet load . 44
4.17.3 Safety related parts of the control system . 44
4.18 Requirements for a pallet condition checker . 44
4.18.1 General . 44
4.18.2 Measures to prevent risks from the moving parts of machines . 44
5 Verification of safety requirements and measures . 44
5.1 General . 44
5.2 Verification procedures . 44
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
6 Information . 47
6.1 General . 47
6.2 Instruction . 47
6.2.1 General . 47
6.2.2 Quality requirement for pallets . 47
6.2.3 Personal protective equipment . 47
Annex A (normative) Noise test code . 48
A.1 Introduction . 48
A.2 Operating condition . 48
A.3 Determination of emission sound pressure level at the workstation . 48
A.4 Typical positions for measurement of the emission sound pressure level . 49
A.5 Determination of the sound power level . 49
Annex B (informative) List of significant hazards . 50
B.1 General . 50
B.2 Semiautomatic stripper plate palletizer . 53
B.3 Automatic low-level palletizer or depalletizer . 55
B.4 High level palletizer and depalletizers. 57
B.5 Pick and place palletizer and depalletizer and column pick and place palletizer or
depalletizer . 60
B.6 Robot palletizer or depalletizer . 62
B.7 Case packer palletizer . 65
B.8 Multi station palletizing system . 67
B.9 Mechanical gripping head . 70
B.10 Vacuum gripping head . 72
B.11 Magnetic gripping head . 73
B.12 Gripping head with roller curtain . 74
B.13 Pallet stacker /destacker . 75
B.14 Pallet changer . 77
B.15 Grouping and ungrouping unit . 78
B.16 Device for loading or unloading of layer pads . 80
B.17 Pallet size/weight checker. 81
B.18 Pallet condition checker . 83
Annex C (informative) Method for assessing the stability of loads staked on a pallet . 84
C.1 General . 84
C.2 Prevention of slipping . 84
C.3 Prevention of overturn . 85
C.4 Evaluation of the horizontal forces (inertia effects) . 85
C.5 Stopping/starting acceleration . 86
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
C.6 Centrifugal force . 86
C.7 General case . 86
Annex D (informative) Design criteria for the safety of multi station palletizer served by
AGV . 87
Annex E (informative) Safety aspects for integrated palletizing system . 88
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 91
Bibliography . 93
oSIST prEN 415-4:2021
prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 415-4:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 146 “Packaging
machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 415-4:1997.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are listed below:
— palletizers and depalletizers that incorporates industrial robots and multi-stations palletizing
systems have been added to the scope;
— safety requirements have been rewritten so they are in line with EN 415-10:2014;
— normative references have been changed to reflect the current B1 and B2 standards;
— the performance level required PLr (defined by EN ISO 13849-1:2015) is specified for the safety
related parts of control system.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive 2006/42/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
This document is part of the series EN 415, Safety of packaging machines, which consists of the following
parts:
— Part 1: Terminology and classification of packaging machines and associated equipment;
— Part 2: Pre-formed rigid container packaging machines;
— Part 3: Form, fill and seal machines; fill and seal machines;
— Part 5: Wrapping machines;
— Part 6: Pallet wrapping machines;
— Part 7: Group and secondary packaging machines ;
— Part 8: Strapping machines;
— Part 9: Noise measurement methods for packaging machines, packaging lines and associated
equipment, grade of accuracy 2 and 3;
— Part 10: General requirements.
EN 415-7:2006+A1:2008 is currently being revised with a new title: “Cartooning and Case-packing machines”.
oSIST prEN 415-4:2021
prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
Introduction
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
abovementioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate in the process of
drafting this document.
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
The full set of requirements for machines in the scope of this document are those given in this document
EN 415-4 applicable to that type, together with the relevant requirements from EN 415-10:2014.
As far as possible in EN 415-4 safety requirements are referenced to the relevant clauses of
EN 415-10:2014 to avoid repetition and reduce their length.
EN 415-10:2014 applies when this document does not provide requirements.
Therefore, this document EN 415-4 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 415-10:2014.
When a requirement of EN 415-4 differs from a requirement of EN 415-10:2014, the requirement of
EN 415-4 will prevail.
When a machine covered by EN 415-4 incorporates functions described by other standards of the EN 415
series, those functions are expected to comply with those standards.
EXAMPLE 1 In the case of a palletizer which incorporates cartooning mechanisms, the palletizing mechanisms
are expected to comply with EN 415-4 and the cartoning mechanisms are expected to comply with
EN 415-7:2006+A1:2008.
EXAMPLE 2 In the case of a palletizer which incorporates a pallet wrapping mechanism, the palletizing
mechanisms are expected to comply with EN 415-4 and the pallet wrapping mechanisms are expected to comply
with EN 415-6.
Annex ZA of this document will not list the EHSR of Annex I of the Machinery Directive which are
completely covered by EN 415-10:2014.
Annex ZA of this document will not list the EHSR which are not relevant for this kind of machines or are
not covered for any other reason.
oSIST prEN 415-4:2021
prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
1 Scope
This document applies to the following groups of machines, auxiliary equipment and their combinations:
— palletizers;
— depalletizers;
— auxiliary equipment incorporated in or linked to the operations of palletizers and depalletizers;
— conveying systems which are part of palletizers or depalletizers;
— palletizers combined with functions of machines which are covered by other parts of EN 415, but
detailed requirements are only provided for palletizing functions.
The individual machines are described in 3.2. Auxiliary equipment is described in 3.3.
This document deals with safety requirements for machine design, transport, installation,
commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of palletizers, depalletizers, auxiliary
equipment and conveying systems which are part of palletizer or depalletizer. The extent to which
hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered is indicated in Annex B.
Exclusions:
This document is not applicable to the following machines:
— machines that were manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN;
— conveyors that connect palletizers and depalletizers with machines that are not in the scope of this
document.
Conveyors in the scope of this document also fall in the scope of EN 619:2002+A1:2010, however, this
document describes the additional or specific hazards for conveyors fitted into palletizers and
depalletizers and so the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of
EN 619:2002+A1:2010.
This document does not consider the following hazards:
— the use of palletizers and depalletizers in a potentially explosive atmosphere;
— the health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that are contained in the unit load
handled by palletizers and depalletizers except for the spillage of hazardous substances caused by
the malfunction of as machine.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 415-1:2014, Safety of packaging machines - Part 1: Terminology and classification of packaging
machines and associated equipment
EN 415-7:2006+A1:2008, Safety of packaging machines - Part 7: Group and secondary packaging machines
EN 415-9:2009, Safety of packaging machines - Part 9: Noise measurement methods for packaging
machines, packaging lines and associated equipment, grade of accuracy 2 and 3
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
EN 415-10:2014, Safety of packaging machines - Part 10: General Requirements
EN 795:2012, Personal fall protection equipment - Anchor devices
EN 1005-3:2002+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Human physical performance - Part 3: Recommended
force limits for machinery operation
EN 13155:2020, Crane - Safety - Non-fixed load lifting attachments
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
EN 61496-1:2013, Safety of machinery - Electro-sensitive protective equipment - Part 1: General
requirements and tests
EN 61496-2:2013, Safety of machinery - Electro-sensitive protective equipment - Part 2: Particular
requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 7010:2020, Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Registered safety signs (ISO
7010:2019, Corrected version 2020-06)
EN ISO 10218-1:2011, Robots and robotic devices - Safety requirements for industrial robots - Part 1:
Robots (ISO 10218-1:2011)
EN ISO 10218-2:2011, Robots and robotic devices - Safety requirements for industrial robots - Part 2: Robot
systems and integration (ISO 10218-2:2011)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop function - Principles for design (ISO 13850:2015)
EN ISO 13851:2019, Safety of machinery - Two-hand control devices - Principles for design and selection
(ISO 13851:2019)
EN ISO 13855:2010, Safety of machinery - Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body (ISO 13855:2010)
EN ISO 13856-2:2013, Safety of machinery - Pressure-sensitive protective devices - Part 2: General
principles for design and testing of pressure-sensitive edges and pressure-sensitive bars (ISO 13856-2:2013)
EN ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2019)
EN ISO 14122-2:2016, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 2: Working
platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2016)
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
EN ISO 14122-3:2016, Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 3: Stairs,
stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2016)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 415-1:2014, EN 415-10:2014,
Clause 3, EN ISO 12100:2010, Clause 3 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1
palletize
place one or more products on a pallet, a similar support or on the floor
3.1.2
depalletize
separate a palletized load into individual products
3.1.3
layer
arrangement of products in a horizontal plane
3.1.4
layer pad
layer sheet
intermediate layer
sheet of material used to stabilize a pallet load
[SOURCE: EN 415-1:2014, 3.15.39]
3.1.5
layer pattern
disposition of the products in a layer
3.1.6
pallet
rigid horizontal platform designed to be handled by pallet trucks, fork-lift trucks or other appropriate
handling equipment, and used as a base for assembling, loading, storing, handling, stacking, transporting,
or displaying goods and loads
Note 1 to entry: The pallet may be constructed with, or fitted with, a superstructure.
3.1.7
pallet load
arrangement of products placed on a pallet or slip sheet
3.1.8
porous vacuum plate
plate made of porous material which holds a product by means of a vacuum
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
3.1.9
row
horizontal line of products
3.1.10
slip sheet
thin flat piece of material used to support a pallet load
3.1.11
stack
vertical column of products or pallets
3.1.12
integrator
entity who designs, provides, manufactures or assembles an integrated manufacturing system and is in
charge of the safety strategy, including the protective measures, control interfaces and interconnections
of the control system
Note 1 to entry: The integrator may be a manufacturer, engineering company or the user.
3.1.13
integrated palletizing system
assembly of machines designed to palletize or depalletize pallet loads
3.1.14
ESPE
electro-sensitive protective equipment
assembly of devices and/or components working together for protective tripping or presence-sensing
purposes and comprising as a minimum:
— a sensing device
— controlling/monitoring device
— output signal switching device and/or a safety-related data interface
3.1.15
AOPD
active opto-electronic protective device
device whose sensing function is performed by opto-electronic emitting and receiving elements detecting
the interruption of optical radiation generated, within device, by an opaque object present in the specified
detection zone for a light beam device, on the axis of the light beam
3.1.16
AOPDDR
active opto-electronic protective device responsive to diffuse radiation
device, whose sensing function is performed by optoelectronic emitting and receiving elements, that
detect the diffuse reflection of optical radiation generated within the device by an object present in a
detection zone specified in two dimensions
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
3.2 Definitions of palletizers and depalletizers
3.2.1 General
This clause describes the working principles of typical configurations of palletizers and depalletizers.
Variations of these typical assemblies also exist.
3.2.2
semi-automatic stripper plate palletizer
palletizer in which an operator forms the products into the layer pattern on a stripper plate manually and
then presses a start button
3.2.3
automatic low-level stripper plate palletizer or depalletizer
palletizer in which layers of products are formed at low or high level, is then transferred onto a stripper
plate which raises or lowers to the appropriate level and transfers the layers onto the pallet
3.2.4
automatic high-level palletizer or depalletizer
palletizer in which layers of packages are formed at one level usually a high level and transferred onto
the pallet which is raised and then lowered as the pallet load forms
Note 1 to entry: A depalletizer operates in reverse.
3.2.5
pick and place palletizer or depalletizer (gantry type)
palletizer in which products are gripped, lifted, transferred to the loading position and then lowered onto
the pallet load with linear movements and a rotation of the end effector
3.2.6
pick and place palletizer or depalletizer (column type)
pick-and-place palletizer in which the product lifting device is supported on a column and can move up
and down the column or rotate around the column
Note 1 to entry: A rotation of the end effector may also exist.
Note 2 to entry: Column palletizers can pick up products one at a time, or in groups. Products are typically
conveyed to the machine at low level but sometimes at high level.
3.2.7
stack palletizer
palletizer which creates stacks of packages, e.g. crates which are then transferred to the pallet as a group
3.2.8
robot palletizer and depalletizer
palletizer or depalletizer which uses an industrial robot to perform some or all sequential operations for
palletizing or depalletizing products
Note 1 to entry: Robot palletizers can pick up products one at a time, or in groups. In some installations the robot
also positions the pallet or the layer pads.
3.2.9
case-packer-palletizer
machine which combines the operations of case-packing and palletizing in one machine
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
3.2.10
linear multi-station palletizing system
palletizer in which two or more pallet or pallet loads are positioned in a row on the ground for palletizing
or depalletizing and pallets and pallets loads are delivered to and removed from the machine using an
industrial truck
Note 1 to entry: The industrial truck can be a conventional fork-lift truck, a manually operated pallet truck or
remote-controlled self-propelled work equipment.
3.3 Definition of auxiliary equipment
3.3.1 General
This clause describes the working principle of typical types of auxiliary equipment used in palletizers and
depalletizers.
3.3.2
mechanical gripping head
assembly of mechanical components which hold products, a set of products, an empty pallet or layer pads
using one of the following methods:
a) positive support, e.g. the product is supported by a plate or hooks
b) friction between fingers or plates and the load
c) friction between the products that make up the load
d) friction or positive support by inflatable elements
3.3.3
vacuum gripping head
gripping head which uses vacuum to hold products or layer pads
Note 1 to entry: The mechanism will typically comprise several suction cups or a porous vacuum plate.
3.3.4
magnetic gripping head
gripping head which uses electromagnetic force to lift products made from magnetic material, e.g. tin-
plated mild steel cans
3.3.5
gripping head with roller curtain
mechanism comprising a set of free running rollers supported by two chains which receives and supports
a layer of products; the mechanism is then lifted and moved over a pallet where the roller curtain is
retracted leaving the products on the pallet
3.3.6
pallet stacker/ unstacker
machine which dispenses empty pallets from a stack or accepts single empty pallets and places them in a
stack
3.3.7
pallet changer
machine which removes a pallet load from a pallet so that it can be placed on another pallet
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prEN 415-4:2021 (E)
3.3.8
pallet grouping and ungrouping unit
assembly of pallet conveyors which stores, sorts and delivers pallets or pallet loads to several loading
stations
3.3.9
layer pads inserter or remover
machine or attachment which places layer pads onto layers of products or the pallet as the pallet load is
formed or removes layer pads as a pallet load is dismantled
Note 1 to entry: The layer pads magazine can be inside the safeguarded zone or in a separate control zone.
3.3.10
pallet checkers
machines which check the quality of used pallets
3.3.10.1
pallet size/weight checker
machine comprising a pallet conveyor fitted with load cells for weighing pallet loads, and/or
photoelectric equipment, to check the size of the pallet load
3.3.10.2
pallet condition checker
machine which checks the quality of pallets and rejects pallets that do not meet the quality requirements
4 Safety requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Introduction
All machines in the scope of the standard shall comply with the following requirements.
The manufacturer shall ensure that any additional hazards that may arise by combining two or more
packaging functions in one machine are identified and appropriate safeguarding measures are adopted,
using the relevant clauses of EN 415-10:2014.
4.1.2 Risk from moving parts – inherently safe design – physical aspects
The requirements of 5.2.1.1 of EN 415-10:2014 shall apply.
NOTE Annex B (informative) of EN 415-10:2014 provides maximum values for inherently safe design.
4.1.3 Safeguards
Where hazards from moving parts cannot be eliminated by design, access to these hazards shall be
prevented by fixed or interlocked guards.
When there is a risk of falling loads outside the safeguarded area, protection by means of ESPE devices
alone is not
...
記事のタイトル：FprEN 415-4 - パッケージングマシンの安全性 - 第4部: パレタイザとデパレタイザおよび関連機器 記事の内容: この文書は、以下の機械グループ、補助機器、およびそれらの組み合わせに適用されます： - パレタイザ； - デパレタイザ； - パレタイザとデパレタイザの操作に組み込まれたまたはリンクされた補助機器； - パレタイザまたはデパレタイザの一部であるコンベヤシステム； - 他のEN 415の一部でカバーされる機械機能と組み合わされたパレタイザ。 各個の機械は3.2で説明され、補助機器は3.3で説明されています。 この文書は、パレタイザ、デパレタイザ、補助機器、およびパレタイザまたはデパレタイザの一部であるコンベヤシステムの機械の設計、輸送、取り付け、稼働、調整、メンテナンス、および清掃に関する安全要件を取り扱っています。危険性、危険な状況、およびイベントがどれだけカバーされているかは、付録Bで示されています。 除外事項： この文書は、次の機械には適用されません： - CENがこの文書を発行する前に製造された機械； - この文書の範囲外の機械とパレタイザおよびデパレタイザを接続するコンベヤ。 この文書の範囲に含まれるコンベヤは、EN 619:2002+A1:2010の範囲にも含まれますが、この文書ではパレタイザおよびデパレタイザに取り付けられたコンベヤの追加的または特定の危険について説明しており、そのため、この文書の要求事項がEN 619:2002+A1:2010の要求事項より優先されます。 この文書では、以下の危険性を考慮していません： - パレタイザおよびデパレタイザを潜在的に爆発性のある環境で使用する場合； - パレタイザおよびデパレタイザで取り扱われるユニットロードに関連する製品の健康、安全、または衛生上の危険性、ただし、機械の故障による有害物質の漏洩は除外されます。
기사 제목: FprEN 415-4 - 포장 기계의 안전 - 제 4 파트: 팔레타이저 및 디팔레타이저 및 관련 장비 기사 내용: 이 문서는 다음 기계 그룹, 부속 장비 및 그들의 조합에 적용됩니다: - 팔레타이저; - 디팔레타이저; - 팔레타이저 및 디팔레타이저의 작업에 포함되거나 연결된 부속 장비; - 팔레타이저나 디팔레타이저의 일부인 이송 시스템; - 다른 EN 415의 다른 부분에서 다루는 기계의 기능과 결합된 팔레타이저. 개별 기계는 3.2에서 설명되며, 부속 장비는 3.3에서 설명됩니다. 이 문서는 팔레타이저, 디팔레타이저, 보조 장비 및 팔레타이저나 디팔레타이저의 일부인 이송 시스템의 기계 설계, 운반, 설치, 가동, 조정, 유지 보수 및 청소에 대한 안전 요구 사항을 다룹니다. 위험, 위험 상황 및 사건이 어느 정도로 다루어지는지는 부록 B에서 나와 있습니다. 제외 사항: 이 문서는 다음 기계에 적용되지 않습니다: - CEN이 이 문서를 발행하기 전에 제작된 기계들; - 이 문서의 범위에 포함되지 않은 기계와 팔레타이저 및 디팔레타이저를 연결하는 컨베이어. 이 문서의 범위에 해당하는 컨베이어는 또한 EN 619:2002+A1:2010의 범위에 포함되지만, 이 문서는 팔레타이저와 디팔레타이저에 장착된 컨베이어에 대한 추가적인 또는 특정한 위험 사항을 설명하므로, 이 문서의 요구 사항이 EN 619:2002+A1:2010의 요구 사항보다 우선합니다. 이 문서는 다음 위험 사항을 고려하지 않습니다: - 잠재적으로 폭발 가능한 환경에서 팔레타이저와 디팔레타이저를 사용하는 경우; - 팔레타이저와 디팔레타이저가 처리하는 단위로 수송되는 제품과 관련된 건강, 안전 또는 위생 위험, 단 기계의 장애로 인한 유해 물질 유출은 제외합니다.
The article discusses the safety regulations for packaging machines, specifically palletizers and depalletizers. It covers the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of these machines, as well as their auxiliary equipment and conveying systems. The document excludes machines manufactured before its publication and conveyors that connect to machines outside its scope. It also does not consider hazards related to explosive atmospheres or the safety of the products being handled, except for spills caused by machine malfunctions.
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