EN 17495:2022

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2022
Železniške naprave - Akustika - Ugotavljanje dinamične togosti elastičnih tirničnih
komponent v povezavi s hrupom in vibracijami - Sestavi tirničnih podlag in tirnih
pritrdilnih elementov
Railway Applications - Acoustics - Determination of the dynamic stiffness of elastic track
components related to noise and vibration - Rail pads and rail fastening assemblies
Bahnanwendungen - Akustik - Bestimmung der dynamischen Steifigkeit von elastischen
Komponenten im Oberbau in Bezug auf Schall und Schwingungen - Zwischenlagen und
Schienenbefestigungssysteme
Applications ferroviaires - Acoustique - Détermination de la raideur dynamique des
composants élastiques de la voie pour le bruit et les vibrations - Semelles sous rail et
systèmes de fixation du rail
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17495:2022
ICS:
17.140.30 Emisija hrupa transportnih Noise emitted by means of
sredstev transport
93.100 Gradnja železnic Construction of railways
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 17495
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 17.140.30; 93.100
English Version
Railway Applications - Acoustics - Determination of the
dynamic stiffness of elastic track components related to
noise and vibration: Rail pads and rail fastening
assemblies
Applications ferroviaires - Acoustique - Détermination Bahnanwendungen - Akustik - Bestimmung der
de la raideur dynamique des composants élastiques de dynamischen Steifigkeit von elastischen Komponenten
la voie pour le bruit et les vibrations: Semelles sous rail im Oberbau in Bezug auf Schall und Schwingungen:
et systèmes de fixation du rail Zwischenlagen und Schienenbefestigungssysteme
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 July 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17495:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 6
5 General requirements . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Apparatus . 7
6 Requirements for different application cases . 8
6.1 Preloads . 8
6.2 Excitation amplitudes . 9
7 Test methods . 9
7.1 General . 9
7.2 Arrangements applying to both the direct and indirect methods . 9
7.3 Direct method . 11
7.4 Indirect method . 15
8 Test report . 18
Bibliography . 19

European foreword
This document (EN 17495:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2023, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by February 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
Airborne rolling noise and structure-borne noise that propagates through the ground and rolling stock,
are excited during rolling wheel-rail interaction by the acoustic roughness (see EN 15610) of the wheel
and rail surfaces. For this reason, models for railway noise and vibration use a measure of track-support
stiffness determined at amplitudes of vibration caused by acoustic roughness and under the load of a
train and/or the rail fastening system.
This document sets out requirements for a laboratory measurement of the dynamic stiffness of rail pads
and rail fastening assemblies relevant to noise and vibration models.
The purpose is to provide data for assessment and specification of the acoustic performance of track
components.
An alternative technique to determine input data for rolling noise models is to measure track decay rates
according to EN 15461 (see also Bibliography [1]).
NOTE In contrast to the test methods elaborated in this document, other methods exist that can deliver values
for dynamic stiffness and loss factor of elastic components and fastening assemblies. They are not thought to attain
the quality and comparability required for standardization and they are not within the scope or content of this
document. For more information on these methods, see Bibliography [2 – 6].
1 Scope
This document specifies laboratory test procedures to determine a high-frequency dynamic stiffness,
“acoustic stiffness”, of resilient components of rail fastening assemblies.
This document is applicable to complete rail fastening assemblies and to pad components of fastening
systems including both discrete and continuous fastening systems.
It is applicable to the measurement of the dynamic transfer stiffness under a prescribed pre-load and the
associated hysteretic damping loss factor.
It provides measurement methods and pre-load, excitation and frequency range conditions for
application to ground borne and structure borne noise as well as for rolling noise.
It is not applicable to the measurement of the stiffness of pads and fastening assemblies under static or
low-frequency dynamic loading used for track mechanics.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13481-1, Railway applications - Track - Performance requirements for fastening systems - Part 1:
Definitions
EN ISO 7500-1:2018, Metallic materials - Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines -
Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
(ISO 7500-1:2018)
EN ISO 10846-1, Acoustics and vibration - Laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of
resilient elements - Part 1: Principles and guidelines (ISO 10846-1)
EN ISO 10846-2, Acoustics and vibration - Laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of
resilient elements - Part 2: Direct method for determination of the dynamic stiffness of resilient supports for
translatory motion (ISO 10846-2)
EN ISO 10846-3, Acoustics and vibration - Laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of
resilient elements - Part 3: Indirect method for determination of the dynamic stiffness of resilient supports
for translatory motion (ISO 10846-3)
ISO 7626-1:2011, Mechanical vibration and shock — Experimental determination of mechanical mobility
— Part 1: Basic terms and definitions, and transducer specifications
ISO 16063-21, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers — Part 21: Vibration
calibration by comparison to a reference transducer
ISO 21948, Coated abrasives — Plain sheets
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13481-1 and EN ISO 10846-1
and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
acoustic stiffness
dynamic stiffness of an elastic track support component or fastening assembly that is measured under a
static preload and at small amplitudes of displacement or velocity applied in the frequency range relevant
to noise or vibration perception
Note 1 to entry: It is the measure of stiffness addressed by this document for use in noise and vibration models.
3.2
acoustic damping
loss factor associated with the acoustic stiffness
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the symbols in Table 1 apply.
Table 1 — Symbols
Relevant
Symbol Meaning
subclause
a acceleration of the upper mass (input), in m/s
7.3.2
acceleration of the force-measuring platform or lower mass
a
7.3.2
(output), in m/s
force on the measuring platform (output) in the direct
F 7.3.2
measurement method, in N
j 7.3.2
−1
kA acoustic stiffness, in N/m 7.3.5
k transfer stiffness measured by the direct method, in N/m 7.3.2
D
k transfer stiffness measured by the indirect method, in N/m 7.4.2
I
lower isolators combined support stiffness in the indirect
k 7.4.2
L
method, in N/m
mass of the measuring platform and any parts of the 7.3.2
fastening assembly below the resilient element in the direct
m
method,
or the blocking mass in the indirect method, in kg 7.4.2
η acoustic loss factor, (dimensionless) 7.3.5
A
u displacement of the upper mass =−a /ω , in m
7.3.2
1 1
displacement of the lower mass in the indirect method
u
7.3.2
, in m
=−a /ω
v excitation velocity =aj/ ω , in m/s
7.3.2
1 1
ω angular frequency, in rad/s 7.3.2
NOTE The subscript 1 denotes a quantity at the input and subscript 2 denotes a quantity at the output side of
the test specimen.
5 General requirements
5.1 General
Good quality measurements depend upon the competence of the measurement team, control of the
environmental conditions, estimation of measurement uncertainties, measurement traceability, control
of data, handling of samples, and the reporting of results.
NOTE Guidance is provided in EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017.
5.2 Apparatus
5.2.1 General
The test equipment shall conform to the following
...