EN ISO/IEC 18045:2020

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2020
Informacijska tehnologija - Varnostne tehnike - Metodologija za varnostno
vrednotenje IT (ISO/IEC 18045:2008)
Information technology - Security techniques - Methodology for IT security evaluation
(ISO/IEC 18045:2008)
Informationstechnik - Sicherheitstechniken - Methodik für die Bewertung der IT-
Sicherheit (ISO/IEC 18045:2008)
Technologies de l'information - Techniques de sécurité - Méthodologie pour l'évaluation
de sécurité TI (ISO/IEC 18045:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO/IEC 18045:2020
ICS:
35.030 Informacijska varnost IT Security
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO/IEC 18045
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2020
ICS 35.030
English version
Information technology - Security techniques -
Methodology for IT security evaluation (ISO/IEC
18045:2008)
Technologies de l'information - Techniques de sécurité Informationstechnik - Sicherheitstechniken - Methodik
- Méthodologie pour l'évaluation de sécurité TI für die Bewertung der IT-Sicherheit (ISO/IEC
(ISO/IEC 18045:2008) 18045:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 March 2020.

CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to
any CEN and CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN ISO/IEC 18045:2020 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO/IEC 18045:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1 "Information
technology” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as
the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2020, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/IEC 18045:2008 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO/IEC 18045:2020 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 18045
Second edition
2008-08-15
Corrected version
2014-01-15
Information technology — Security
techniques — Methodology for IT security
evaluation
Technologies de l'information — Techniques de sécurité —
Méthodologie pour l'évaluation de sécurité TI

Reference number
ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2008
ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
©  ISO/IEC 2008
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . vii
Introduction . ix
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Overview . 3
5.1 Organisation of this International Standard . 3
6 Document Conventions . 3
6.1 Terminology . 3
6.2 Verb usage . 3
6.3 General evaluation guidance . 4
6.4 Relationship between ISO/IEC 15408 and ISO/IEC 18045 structures . 4
7 Evaluation process and related tasks . 5
7.1 Introduction . 5
7.2 Evaluation process overview . 5
7.2.1 Objectives . 5
7.2.2 Responsibilities of the roles . 5
7.2.3 Relationship of roles . 6
7.2.4 General evaluation model . 6
7.2.5 Evaluator verdicts . 6
7.3 Evaluation input task . 8
7.3.1 Objectives . 8
7.3.2 Application notes . 8
7.3.3 Management of evaluation evidence sub-task . 8
7.4 Evaluation sub-activities . 9
7.5 Evaluation output task . 9
7.5.1 Objectives . 9
7.5.2 Management of evaluation outputs . 9
7.5.3 Application notes . 10
7.5.4 Write OR sub-task . 10
7.5.5 Write ETR sub-task . 10
8 Class APE: Protection Profile evaluation . 15
8.1 Introduction . 15
8.2 Application notes . 16
8.2.1 Re-using the evaluation results of certified PPs . 16
8.3 PP introduction (APE_INT) . 16
8.3.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (APE_INT.1) . 16
8.4 Conformance claims (APE_CCL) . 17
8.4.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (APE_CCL.1) . 17
8.5 Security problem definition (APE_SPD) . 24
8.5.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (APE_SPD.1) . 24
8.6 Security objectives (APE_OBJ) . 25
8.6.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (APE_OBJ.1) . 25
8.6.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (APE_OBJ.2) . 25
8.7 Extended components definition (APE_ECD) . 28
8.7.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (APE_ECD.1) . 28
8.8 Security requirements (APE_REQ) . 31
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved iii

ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
8.8.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (APE_REQ.1) . 31
8.8.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (APE_REQ.2) . 35
9 Class ASE: Security Target evaluation. 39
9.1 Introduction . 39
9.2 Application notes . 39
9.2.1 Re-using the evaluation results of certified PPs . 39
9.3 ST introduction (ASE_INT) . 39
9.3.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_INT.1) . 39
9.4 Conformance claims (ASE_CCL) . 42
9.4.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_CCL.1) . 42
9.5 Security problem definition (ASE_SPD) . 49
9.5.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_SPD.1) . 49
9.6 Security objectives (ASE_OBJ) . 51
9.6.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_OBJ.1) . 51
9.6.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_OBJ.2) . 51
9.7 Extended components definition (ASE_ECD) . 53
9.7.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_ECD.1) . 53
9.8 Security requirements (ASE_REQ) . 57
9.8.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_REQ.1) . 57
9.8.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_REQ.2) . 60
9.9 TOE summary specification (ASE_TSS) . 64
9.9.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_TSS.1) . 64
9.9.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ASE_TSS.2) . 65
10 Class ADV: Development . 67
10.1 Introduction . 67
10.2 Application notes . 67
10.3 Security Architecture (ADV_ARC) . 67
10.3.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_ARC.1) . 67
10.4 Functional specification (ADV_FSP). 72
10.4.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_FSP.1) . 72
10.4.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_FSP.2) . 75
10.4.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_FSP.3) . 79
10.4.4 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_FSP.4) . 84
10.4.5 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_FSP.5) . 89
10.4.6 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_FSP.6) . 94
10.5 Implementation representation (ADV_IMP) . 95
10.5.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_IMP.1) . 95
10.5.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_IMP.2) . 97
10.6 TSF internals (ADV_INT) . 97
10.6.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_INT.1) . 97
10.6.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_INT.2) . 99
10.6.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_INT.3) . 101
10.7 Security policy modelling (ADV_SPM) . 101
10.7.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_SPM.1) . 101
10.8 TOE design (ADV_TDS) . 101
10.8.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_TDS.1) . 101
10.8.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_TDS.2) . 105
10.8.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_TDS.3) . 109
10.8.4 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_TDS.4) . 118
10.8.5 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_TDS.5) . 126
10.8.6 Evaluation of sub-activity (ADV_TDS.6) . 126
11 Class AGD: Guidance documents . 127
11.1 Introduction . 127
11.2 Application notes . 127
11.3 Operational user guidance (AGD_OPE) . 127
11.3.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (AGD_OPE.1) . 127
11.4 Preparative procedures (AGD_PRE) . 130
11.4.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (AGD_PRE.1) . 130
iv © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
12 Class ALC: Life-cycle support . 131
12.1 Introduction . 131
12.2 CM capabilities (ALC_CMC) . 132
12.2.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMC.1) . 132
12.2.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMC.2) . 133
12.2.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMC.3) . 135
12.2.4 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMC.4) . 138
12.2.5 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMC.5) . 143
12.3 CM scope (ALC_CMS) . 150
12.3.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMS.1) . 150
12.3.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMS.2) . 151
12.3.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMS.3) . 152
12.3.4 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMS.4) . 153
12.3.5 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_CMS.5) . 154
12.4 Delivery (ALC_DEL) . 155
12.4.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_DEL.1) . 155
12.5 Development security (ALC_DVS) . 156
12.5.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_DVS.1) . 156
12.5.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_DVS.2) . 158
12.6 Flaw remediation (ALC_FLR) . 161
12.6.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_FLR.1) . 161
12.6.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_FLR.2) . 163
12.6.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_FLR.3) . 167
12.7 Life-cycle definition (ALC_LCD) . 171
12.7.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_LCD.1) . 171
12.7.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_LCD.2) . 172
12.8 Tools and techniques (ALC_TAT) . 174
12.8.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_TAT.1) . 174
12.8.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_TAT.2) . 176
12.8.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ALC_TAT.3) . 178
13 Class ATE: Tests . 181
13.1 Introduction . 181
13.2 Application notes . 181
13.2.1 Understanding the expected behaviour of the TOE . 181
13.2.2 Testing vs. alternate approaches to verify the expected behaviour of functionality . 182
13.2.3 Verifying the adequacy of tests . 182
13.3 Coverage (ATE_COV) . 183
13.3.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_COV.1) . 183
13.3.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_COV.2) . 183
13.3.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_COV.3) . 184
13.4 Depth (ATE_DPT) . 185
13.4.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_DPT.1) . 185
13.4.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_DPT.2) . 187
13.4.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_DPT.3) . 189
13.4.4 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_DPT.4) . 192
13.5 Functional tests (ATE_FUN) . 192
13.5.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_FUN.1) . 192
13.5.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_FUN.2) . 195
13.6 Independent testing (ATE_IND) . 195
13.6.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_IND.1) . 195
13.6.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_IND.2) . 198
13.6.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ATE_IND.3) . 203
14 Class AVA: Vulnerability assessment . 203
14.1 Introduction . 203
14.2 Vulnerability analysis (AVA_VAN) . 204
14.2.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (AVA_VAN.1) . 204
14.2.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (AVA_VAN.2) . 208
14.2.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (AVA_VAN.3) . 215
14.2.4 Evaluation of sub-activity (AVA_VAN.4) . 222
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved v

ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
14.2.5 Evaluation of sub-activity (AVA_VAN.5) . 230
15 Class ACO: Composition . 230
15.1 Introduction . 230
15.2 Application notes . 230
15.3 Composition rationale (ACO_COR) . 231
15.3.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_COR.1) . 231
15.4 Development evidence (ACO_DEV) . 236
15.4.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_DEV.1) . 236
15.4.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_DEV.2) . 237
15.4.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_DEV.3) . 239
15.5 Reliance of dependent component (ACO_REL) . 242
15.5.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_REL.1) . 242
15.5.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_REL.2) . 244
15.6 Composed TOE testing (ACO_CTT) . 246
15.6.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_CTT.1) . 246
15.6.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_CTT.2) . 248
15.7 Composition vulnerability analysis (ACO_VUL) . 252
15.7.1 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_VUL.1) . 252
15.7.2 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_VUL.2) . 254
15.7.3 Evaluation of sub-activity (ACO_VUL.3) . 258
Annex A (informative) General evaluation guidance . 262
A.1 Objectives . 262
A.2 Sampling . 262
A.3 Dependencies . 264
A.3.1 Dependencies between activities . 264
A.3.2 Dependencies between sub-activities . 264
A.3.3 Dependencies between actions . 264
A.4 Site Visits . 264
A.4.1 Introduction . 264
A.4.2 General Approach . 265
A.4.3 Orientation Guide for the Preparation of the Check List . 266
A.4.4 Example of a checklist . 267
A.5 Scheme Responsibilities . 269
Annex B (informative) Vulnerability Assessment (AVA) . 271
B.1 What is Vulnerability Analysis . 271
B.2 Evaluator construction of a Vulnerability Analysis . 271
B.2.1 Generic vulnerability guidance . 272
B.2.2 Identification of Potential Vulnerabilities . 279
B.3 When attack potential is used . 281
B.3.1 Developer . 281
B.3.2 Evaluator . 282
B.4 Calculating attack potential . 283
B.4.1 Application of attack potential . 283
B.4.2 Characterising attack potential . 283
B.5 Example calculation for direct attack . 289

vi © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 18045 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 27, IT Security techniques. The identical text of ISO/IEC 18045 is published by the
Common Criteria Project Sponsoring Organisations as Common Methodology for Information Technology
Security Evaluation. The common XML source for both publications can be found at
http://www.commoncriteriaportal.org/cc/ .
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 18045:2005), which has been technically
revised.
This second corrected version of ISO/IEC 18045:2008 incorporates miscellaneous editorial corrections related
to the following:
 consistency with the corrected versions of ISO/IEC 15408-3:2008 and ISO/IEC 15408-1:2009;
 APE_CCL and ASE_CCL, APE_SPD and ASE_SPD, AGD_PRE, ALC_CMC, ALC_DVS, ADV_TDS,
ASE_TSS, AVA_VAN, and ADV_FSP.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved vii

ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
Legal Notice
The governmental organizations listed below contributed to the development of this version of the Common
Methodology for Information Technology Security Evaluations. As the joint holders of the copyright in the
Common Methodology for Information Technology Security Evaluations, version 3.1 (called CEM 3.1), they
hereby grant non-exclusive license to ISO/IEC to use CEM 3.1 in the continued development/maintenance of
the ISO/IEC 18045 international standard. However, these governmental organizations retain the right to use,
copy, distribute, translate or modify CEM 3.1 as they see fit.
Australia/New Zealand: The Defence Signals Directorate and the Government Communications
Security Bureau respectively;
Canada:   Communications Security Establishment;
France:    Direction Centrale de la Sécurité des Systèmes d'Information;
Germany:   Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik;
Japan:    Information Technology Promotion Agency;
Netherlands:   Netherlands National Communications Security Agency;
Spain:    Ministerio de Administraciones Públicas and Centro Criptológico Nacional;
United Kingdom:   Communications-Electronic Security Group;
United States:   The National Security Agency and the National Institute of Standards and
Technology.
viii © ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
Introduction
The target audience for this International Standard is primarily evaluators applying ISO/IEC 15408 and
certifiers confirming evaluator actions; evaluation sponsors, developers, PP/ST authors and other parties
interested in IT security may be a secondary audience.
This International Standard recognises that not all questions concerning IT security evaluation will be
answered herein and that further interpretations will be needed. Individual schemes will determine how to
handle such interpretations, although these may be subject to mutual recognition agreements. A list of
methodology-related activities that may be handled by individual schemes can be found in Annex A.
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved ix

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)

Information technology — Security techniques — Methodology
for IT security evaluation
1 Scope
This International Standard is a companion document to the “Evaluation criteria for IT security”, ISO/IEC
15408. This International Standard defines the minimum actions to be performed by an evaluator in order to
conduct an ISO/IEC 15408 evaluation, using the criteria and evaluation evidence defined in ISO/IEC 15408.
This International Standard does not define evaluator actions for certain high assurance ISO/IEC 15408
components, where there is as yet no generally agreed guidance.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 15408 (all parts), Information technology — Security techniques — Evaluation criteria for IT security
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE Terms which are presented in bold-faced type are themselves defined in this Subclause.
3.1
action
evaluator action element of ISO/IEC 15408-3
NOTE These actions are either explicitly stated as evaluator actions or implicitly derived from developer actions (implied
evaluator actions) within ISO/IEC 15408-3 assurance components.
3.2
activity
application of an assurance class of ISO/IEC 15408-3
3.3
check
generate a verdict by a simple comparison
NOTE Evaluator expertise is not required. The statement that uses this verb describes what is mapped.
3.4
evaluation deliverable
any resource required from the sponsor or developer by the evaluator or evaluation authority to perform one
or more evaluation or evaluation oversight activities
3.5
evaluation evidence
tangible evaluation deliverable
© ISO/IEC 2008 – All rights reserved 1

ISO/IEC 18045:2008(E)
3.6
evaluation technical report
report that documents the overall verdict and its justification, produced by the evaluator and submitted to an
evaluation authority
3.7
examine
generate a verdict by analysis using evaluator expertise
NOTE The statement that uses this verb identifies what is analysed and the properties for which it is analysed.
3.8
interpretation
clarification or amplification of an ISO/IEC 15408, ISO/IEC 18045 or scheme requirement
3.9
methodology
system of principles, procedures and processes applied to IT security evaluations
3.10
observation report
report written by the evaluator requesting a clarification or identifying a problem during the evaluation
3.11
overall verdict
pass or fail statement issued by an evaluator with respect to the result of an evaluation
3.12
oversight verdict
statement issued by an evaluation authority confirming
...