prEN 16247-2
(Main)Energy audits - Part 2: Buildings
Energy audits - Part 2: Buildings
This document is applicable to specific energy audit requirements in buildings. It specifies the requirements, methodology and deliverables of an energy audit in a building or group of buildings, It is applied in conjunction with, and is supplementary to, EN 16247-1, Energy audits — Part 1: General requirements. It provides additional requirements to EN 16247-1 and is applied simultaneously.
If processes are included in the scope of the energy audit, the energy auditor can choose to apply EN 16247-3, Energy audits — Part 3: Processes. If on-site transport on a site is included in the scope of the energy audit, the energy auditor can choose to apply EN 16247-4, Energy audits — Part 4: Transport.
Energieaudits - Teil 2: Gebäude
Dieses Dokument gilt für die spezifischen Anforderungen an ein Energieaudit in Gebäuden. Es legt Anforderungen, Methodik und Ergebnisse eines Energieaudits in einem Gebäude oder einer Gebäudegruppe fest. Es wird in Verbindung mit und zusätzlich zu EN 16247-1, Energieaudits — Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen angewendet. Es stellt zusätzliche Anforderungen zu EN 16247-1 bereit und wird gleichzeitig angewendet.
Falls Prozesse durch den Anwendungsbereich des Energieaudits erfasst werden, kann sich der Energieauditor für die Anwendung von EN 16247-3, Energieaudits — Teil 3: Prozesse entscheiden. Falls Transporte auf einem Gelände vor Ort durch den Anwendungsbereich des Energieaudits erfasst werden, kann sich der Energieauditor für die Anwendung von EN 16247-4, Energieaudits — Teil 4: Transport entscheiden.
Audits énergétiques - Partie 2: Bâtiments
Le présent document est applicable aux exigences spécifiques relatives aux audits énergétiques dans les
bâtiments. Il spécifie les exigences, la méthodologie et les livrables d’un audit énergétique réalisé dans
un bâtiment ou un groupe de bâtiment ; il est appliqué conjointement avec l’EN 16247-1, Audits
énergétiques — Partie 1 : Exigences générales. Il fournit des exigences supplémentaires à celles de
l’EN 16247-1 et est appliqué simultanément.
Si des processus sont inclus dans le champ d’application de l’audit énergétique, l’auditeur énergétique
peut choisir d’appliquer l’EN 16247-3, Audits énergétiques — Partie 3 : Procédés. Si le transport sur un
site est inclus dans le champ d’application de l’audit énergétique, l’auditeur énergétique peut choisir
d’appliquer l’EN 16247-4, Audits énergétiques — Partie 4 : Transport.
Energetske presoje - 2. del: Stavbe
General Information
RELATIONS
Standards Content (sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16247-2:2020
01-marec-2020
Energetske presoje - 2. del: Stavbe
Energy audits - Part 2: Buildings
Energieaudits - Teil 2: Gebäude
Audits énergétiques - Partie 2: Bâtiments
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16247-2
ICS:
03.100.70 Sistemi vodenja Management systems
27.015 Energijska učinkovitost. Energy efficiency. Energy
Ohranjanje energije na conservation in general
splošno
91.040.01 Stavbe na splošno Buildings in general
oSIST prEN 16247-2:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 16247-2:2020
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 16247-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2020
ICS 03.120.10; 27.015; 91.120.10
Will supersede EN 16247-2:2014
English version
Energy audits - Part 2: Buildings
Audits énergétiques - Partie 2: Bâtiments Energieaudits - Teil 2: Gebäude
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/CLC/JTC 14.If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any
alteration.This draft European Standard was established by CEN and CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German). A
version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification
of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. prEN 16247-2:2020 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and forCENELEC Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 6
3 Terms and Definitions ................................................................................................................................... 6
4 Quality requirements .................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1 Energy auditor .................................................................................................................................................. 8
4.1.1 Competency ....................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1.2 Confidentiality .................................................................................................................................................. 8
4.1.3 Objectivity .......................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1.4 Transparency .................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.2 Energy audit process ...................................................................................................................................... 8
5 Elements of the energy audit process ...................................................................................................... 8
5.1 Preliminary contact ........................................................................................................................................ 8
5.2 Start-up meeting .............................................................................................................................................. 9
5.3 Collecting data ............................................................................................................................................... 10
5.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
5.3.2 Information request .................................................................................................................................... 10
5.3.3 Review of the available data ..................................................................................................................... 12
5.3.4 Preliminary data analysis ......................................................................................................................... 12
5.4 Field work ....................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.4.1 Aim of field work .......................................................................................................................................... 12
5.4.2 Conduct ............................................................................................................................................................ 13
5.4.3 Site visits.......................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.5 Analysis ............................................................................................................................................................ 13
5.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 13
5.5.2 Energy breakdown ....................................................................................................................................... 14
5.5.3 Energy performance indicators .............................................................................................................. 14
5.5.4 Energy efficiency improvement opportunities ................................................................................. 14
5.6 Report ............................................................................................................................................................... 15
5.6.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 15
5.6.2 Content of report .......................................................................................................................................... 15
5.7 Final meeting ................................................................................................................................................. 15
Annex A (informative) Examples of parties of an energy audit in buildings ....................................... 16
Annex B (informative) Examples of checklists for energy audit field work inbuildings .......................................................................................................................................................... 17
B.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 17
B.2 Checklist .......................................................................................................................................................... 17
B.3 Building visit checklist ............................................................................................................................... 18
B.4 The building envelope ................................................................................................................................ 19
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B.5 Useful documents ......................................................................................................................................... 20
Annex C (informative) Examples of the analysis of energy use in buildings ....................................... 22
C.1 Overview of the energy use in a building ............................................................................................ 22
C.2 Analysis of the energy use in a building ............................................................................................... 23
C.3 Energy breakdown examples................................................................................................................... 23
Annex D (informative) Examples of analysis checklists for energy audits inbuildings .......................................................................................................................................................... 26
D.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 26
D.2 Checklist .......................................................................................................................................................... 26
Annex E (informative) Examples of energy performance indicators in buildings ............................ 30
E.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 30
E.2 Global indicators .......................................................................................................................................... 30
E.3 Detailed indicators ...................................................................................................................................... 30
Annex F (informative) Examples of energy efficiency improvement opportunities in
buildings .......................................................................................................................................................... 31
Annex G (informative) Examples of analysis and savings calculations in energyaudits in buildings ....................................................................................................................................... 33
G.1 Roof insulation .............................................................................................................................................. 33
G.2 Ventilation system ....................................................................................................................................... 36
Annex H (informative) Examples of the reporting of an energy audit in buildings .......................... 40
H.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 40
H.2 Table of contents .......................................................................................................................................... 40
Annex I (informative) Example of energy improvement verification method inbuildings .......................................................................................................................................................... 42
I.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 42
I.2 Energy signature .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 44
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European foreword
This document (prEN 16247-2:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee
CEN/CLC/JWG 14 “Energy audits”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 16247-2:2014.
This Part provides additional material to Part 1 for the Buildings sector and should be used in
conjunction with Part 1.This document is part of the series EN 16247 “Energy audits” which comprises the following:
— Part 1 General requirements;— Part 2 Buildings;
— Part 3 Processes;
— Part 4 Transport;
— Part 5 Competence of energy auditors.
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Introduction
An energy audit can help an organization to identify opportunities to improve energy efficiency.
It can be part of a site wide energy management system.The use and operation of buildings requires the provision of services such as heating, cooling,
ventilation, lighting, domestic hot water, transportation systems (e.g. elevators, escalators and
moving walkways) in buildings, information systems and processes. In addition, energy is used
by appliances within the building.The energy consumption depends on:
— local climatic conditions;
— the characteristics of the building envelope;
— the designed indoor environment conditions;
— the characteristics and settings of the technical building systems;
— activities and processes in the building;
— occupant behaviour and operational regime.
Dealing with buildings, the audited objects are sometimes similar, technically simple and
numerous (as in the residential sector) but can also be unique, complex and highly technical
(such as hospitals, swimming pools and spas, etc.).Energy audits in buildings may include the whole building or parts of the building or some
technical system.Energy performance indicators (benchmark values, if available) or average statistical specific
energy consumption data are usually published nationally for different building types and ages.
This information can be used in the analysis to provide comparative energy performance
evaluation.NOTE The energy audits covered under this standard might be independent from building energy
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1 Scope
This document is applicable to specific energy audit requirements in buildings. It specifies the
requirements, methodology and deliverables of an energy audit in a building or group of
buildings, It is applied in conjunction with, and is supplementary to, EN 16247-1, Energy
audits — Part 1: General requirements. It provides additional requirements to EN 16247-1 and is
applied simultaneously.If processes are included in the scope of the energy audit, the energy auditor can choose to
apply EN 16247-3, Energy audits — Part 3: Processes. If on-site transport on a site is included in
the scope of the energy audit, the energy auditor can choose to apply EN 16247-4, Energy
audits — Part 4: Transport.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.EN 16247-1:2012, Energy audits - Part 1: General requirements
EN ISO 52000-1, Energy performance of buildings - Overarching EPB assessment - Part 1: General
framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017)3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 16247-1 and
the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
building
construction as a whole, including its envelope and all technical building systems, for which
energy may be used to condition the indoor climate, to provide domestic hot water and
illumination and other services related to the use of the building and the activities performed
within the buildingNote 1 to entry: The term can refer to the building as a whole or to parts thereof that have been
designed or altered to be used separately.Note 2 to entry: The building could include its site location and related external environment.
Note 3 to entry; Processes within the building, for example chilling of food in supermarkets, are
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3.2
system boundary
boundary that includes within it all areas associated with the audited object (both inside and
outside the audited object) where energy is consumed or producedNote 1 to entry: Inside the system boundary the system losses are taken into account explicitly, outside
the system boundary they are taken into account in a conversion factor.3.3
energy need
energy to be delivered to or extracted from a building in a defined time period by a technical
system to provide a building service3.4
energy carrier
substance or physical phenomenon that can be used directly or indirectly to be transformed
into useful energyNote 1 to entry: The default energy content of fuels is gross calorific value.
3.5
delivered energy (final energy)
energy, expressed per energy carrier, supplied to the technical building systems through the
system boundary, to satisfy the uses taken into account or to produce electricity
Note 1 to entry: Delivered energy can be calculated for defined energy uses or it can be measured.
Note 2 to entry: Energy uses include heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water, lighting,
appliances, etc.3.6
produced energy
heat or electricity generated within the system boundary
Note 1 to entry: Produced energy can be used within the system boundary or exported.
3.7exported energy
energy, expressed for each energy carrier, delivered by the technical building systems through
the system boundary and used outside the system boundaryNote 1 to entry: It can be specified by generation types (e.g. CHP, photovoltaic, etc) in order to apply
different weighting factors.Note 2 to entry: Exported energy can be calculated or it can be measured.
3.8
building services
the services provided by the technical building systems and by appliances to condition the
indoor environment (thermal comfort, air quality, visual and acoustic quality) and other
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3.9
technical building system
technical equipment for heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water, lighting, information
systems and on-site energy productionNote 1 to entry: A technical building system can refer to one or a combination of building services
(e.g. heating system include heating, domestic hot water system and controls).Note 2 to entry: A technical building system is composed of different subsystems and includes controls.
Note 3 to entry: On-site energy production can include heat or electricity.4 Quality requirements
4.1 Energy auditor
4.1.1 Competency
The energy auditor shall demonstrate that they have qualifications or experience covering the
scope, complexity and thoroughness of the audit.NOTE See EN 16247-5
4.1.2 Confidentiality
The energy auditor shall respect all the legal and commercial confidentiality requirements
agreed with the organization, which cover all parties involved, such as tenants, maintenance
organizations, building occupants.4.1.3 Objectivity
Objectivity is defined in EN 16247-1:2012, 4.1.3
4.1.4 Transparency
Transparency is defined in EN 16247-1:2012, 4.1.4
4.2 Energy audit process
When a sampling method is used, any selected sample of spaces, systems or equipment shall be
representative of the whole building or of a group of buildings.NOTE See Informative Annex A: A flow diagram of the energy audit process.
5 Elements of the energy audit process
5.1 Preliminary contact
The energy auditor shall identify all parties/organizations and their roles in ownership,
management, use, operation and maintenance of the building and their respective impacts and
interests on energy use and consumption.NOTE 1 See Informative Annex B: Examples of parties of an energy audit in buildings.
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The scope of the audit should be agreed to cover technical interaction of the systems within the
building, and the interaction of the systems with the building. Optimization of some specific
energy use to the exclusion of others may give misleading results.The agreed aims of the energy audit may contain:
a) reducing energy consumption and costs;
b) reducing environmental impact;
c) Checking or ensuring indoor environment for quality of health and well-being (comfort,
indoor air quality, and illuminance levels);d) complying with legislation or with voluntary obligations.
The energy audit scope and boundaries shall define what is included, in terms of:
a) which buildings from a list of buildings or parts of a building;b) which energy services;
c) which technical building systems;
d) which areas and systems outside the building;
e) which energy performance indicators could be used as appropriate to the audit.
The energy audit level of thoroughness, as defined in EN 16247-1, Annex A shall be agreed,
taking into account that it will impact:a) time on site;
b) choice of samples;
c) level of modelling;
d) requirements for measurements;
e) level of metering, including sub-metering;
f) level of defining the energy efficiency improvement opportunities;
g) required auditor’s skills.
NOTE 2 See Part 1 Informative Annex A: Proposal of Energy Audit Level of Thoroughness
5.2 Start-up meetingDuring the start-up meeting the energy auditor shall agree with the organization on:
a) timing of site visits, e.g. whether within or outside normal working hours;b) level of occupant engagement;
c) areas of restricted access;
d) potential health hazards and risks.
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The energy auditor shall, where available, obtain from the organization:
a) set-points and operational limits of indoor environmental conditions (such as
temperatures, air flows, air quality, illuminance, noise) and any seasonal variations;
b) occupancy patterns for the different range of activities within the building;c) comments from any occupant or other party on operational performance of the building
and the level of the building service;d) energy certificates prepared for the building;
e) whether any building occupant awareness or motivation programmes have been
implemented.
5.3 Collecting data
5.3.1 General
The data collection shall be appropriate to the scope and level of thoroughness of the energy
audit.5.3.2 Information request
The energy auditor shall collect with the organization the following data as required by the
scope and level of thoroughness of the energy audit:a) energy carriers, present and available;
b) energy related data:
1) delivered, produced and exported energy, for each energy carrier (for example identify
the energy streams for a CHP unit, or for photovoltaic systems where production is
used locally or exported);2) energy consumption data (or readings with related time and date) of any available
meters, counters or monitoring systems (e.g. heat meter, domestic hot water meter,
fuel meter, burner hour counter);3) data from individual metering, if available;
4) short-interval (e.g. hourly) energy demand / load curve, if available;
5) relevant related measurements;
The frequency of the data should be appropriate to the scope and thoroughness of the
energy audit. Building energy audits may deal with hourly, daily, weekly or monthly
consumption data as available and appropriate.NOTE Where only annual data are available, monthly profiles may be estimated, depending on
the level of thoroughness of the audit.The energy related data should be recorded by the building and control system if available.
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c) relevant variable and static factors affecting energy consumption:
1) climatic data (e.g. temperature, degree-days, hygrometry, lighting) from the local
building automation and control system (BACS), if available;2) occupancy patterns;
3) internal set points;
Information for quantifying the relevant variable and static factors affecting energy
consumption should be recorded by the building control system if available (e.g. occupancy
times, degree-hours etc).d) information on important changes in the past 3 years or the period covered by the available
operational data, concerning:1) the physical form of the building;
2) the spaces – either in dimension and/or in use;
3) the building envelope (renovation of windows, added insulation, etc.);
4) the technical building systems and the areas they serve;
5) the tenant arrangements;
6) occupancy of spaces (different occupancy times, extended hours behaviour and internal
loads);7) set points and occupant behaviour;
e) values to be used, adapted to the local/national performance indicators (if relevant):
1) floor area;2) building volume;
3) others;
f) existing design, operation and maintenance documents and information, such as:
1) as-built building plans;2) any external factors that may influence the energy performance of the building
(e.g. shading by adjacent trees or buildings);3) indications of supplied building services (i.e. which rooms or zones are heated, cooled,
ventilated) on the building lay-out plan;4) technical building system schematics, indicating the system zones, if any;
5) control diagrams and settings;
6) appliance and component data and ratings;
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g) the building information model (BIM) and/or design models of the building, if available;
h) energy using equipment in the occupied spaces and other internal loads.5.3.3 Review of the available data
The energy auditor shall review the information collected and provided by the organization.
The energy auditor shall review whether the scope and boundaries of the energy audit is still
appropriate once initial information has been received.The energy auditor shall judge whether or not the information provided by the organization
allows the energy audit process to continue and the agreed objectives to be achieved.
Where there is missing data the client will be given a choice to produce the missing data or
accept that the auditor will have to make assumptions (that will be clearly detailed).
The energy auditor shall, based on experience and competence, choose the energy using
systems and items to be checked on site, depending on the aim, scope and thoroughness of the
energy audit.5.3.4 Preliminary data analysis
The energy auditor shall carry out an analysis of the data collected to:
a) undertake a preliminary analysis of the audited object’s energy balance on the basis of
energy data;b) establish the relevant variables and static factors;
c) establish the relevant energy performance indicators;
d) evaluate the distribution of energy consumption (consumption breakdown) if possible,
depending on the measured data available;e) define the significant energy uses;
f) if there is suf
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