EN 16897:2017

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2017
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Workplace exposure - Characterization of ultrafine aerosols/nanoaerosols -
Determination of number concentration using condensation particle counters
Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Charakterisierung ultrafeiner Aerosole/Nanoaerosole -
Bestimmung der Anzahlkonzentration mit Kondensationspartikelzählern
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Caractérisation des aérosols ultrafins/nanoaérosols -
Détermination de la concentration en nombre à l'aide de compteurs de particules à
condensation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16897:2017
ICS:
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 16897
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.30
English Version
Workplace exposure - Characterization of ultrafine
aerosols/nanoaerosols - Determination of number
concentration using condensation particle counters
Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Caractérisation des Exposition am Arbeitsplatz - Charakterisierung
aérosols ultrafins/nanoaérosols - Détermination de la ultrafeiner Aerosole/Nanoaerosole - Bestimmung der
concentration en nombre à l'aide de compteurs de Anzahlkonzentration mit
particules à condensation Kondensationspartikelzählern
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 April 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 16897:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Abbreviations . 6
5 Principle . 6
6 Measurement methods . 8
6.1 General . 8
6.2 Exposure measurement . 9
6.3 Emission measurement . 9
6.4 Background measurement . 9
7 Measurement procedure . 10
7.1 Selection of suitable instrument . 10
7.2 Preparation . 10
7.3 Monitoring . 10
7.4 Sampling line . 10
7.5 Use of a diluter . 10
8 Presentation and evaluation of data . 11
9 Check of CPC performance . 11
10 Problems and uncertainties . 12
10.1 CPC counting efficiency . 12
10.2 Sampling losses . 13
10.2.1 General . 13
10.2.2 Diffusion losses in a sampling tube . 13
10.2.3 Internal CPC losses . 14
10.3 Uncertainties . 15
10.4 Maintenance . 15
Annex A (informative) Results of pre-normative research — Laboratory comparisons of
CPCs . 16
Annex B (informative) List of CPC instruments . 17
Bibliography . 23

European foreword
This document (EN 16897:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 137 “Assessment
of workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2017, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
Within occupational hygiene, aerosol concentrations have been traditionally measured in terms of mass
concentrations. For ultrafine aerosols and nanoaerosols, other exposure metrics such as the number
and surface area concentrations could become important for predicting health effects with some
aerosols, depending on their chemical and physical properties. Even if actual occupational exposure
metrics have not been established, this European Standard can be used by occupational hygienists and
researchers to measure airborne particle concentrations in workplaces.
Recommendations on how to perform an assessment of inhalation exposure to nano-objects and their
agglomerates and aggregates (NOAA), including which measurement strategy to adopt, will be provided
in prEN 17058:2016 [16].
1 Scope
This European Standard gives guidelines on the measurement of the fine particle fraction of the aerosol,
especially for the determination of the number concentration of ultrafine aerosols and nanoaerosols at
workplaces by use of condensation particle counters (CPC).
This European Standard deals with the CPC's principle of operation, problems of sampling in the
workplace environment, aspects for selecting a suitable instrument, limits of application, use of
different working fluids and technologies, calibration, equipment maintenance, measurement
uncertainty, and reporting of measurement results. Potential problems and limitations which are of
relevance for workplace measurements are described.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1540, Workplace exposure - Terminology
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1540 and the following apply.
3.1
background (particle) measurement
measurement of the particle concentration, at a location or a time not affected by the activity/process
under investigation
3.2
emission (particle) measurement
measurement of the particle concentration in direct vicinity of a process or machine
3.3
(particle) (electrical) mobility (equivalent) diameter
diameter of a sphere carrying one elementary electric charge with the same electrical mobility as the
particle in question
3.4
exposure (particle) measurement
measurement of the particle concentration close to a worker, preferably in the breathing zone of a
worker
Note 1 to entry: Measurements performed outside the breathing zone give only an approximated exposure
value.
3.5
nanoaerosol
aerosol comprised of, or consisting of, nano-objects and nanostructured particles
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 27628:2007, definition 2.11] [17]
3.6
nano-object
material with one, two or three external dimensions in the nanoscale below 100 nm
Note 1 to entry: Generic term for all discrete nanoscale objects.
[SOURCE: CEN ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, definition 2.5] [18]
3.7
particle number concentration
C
N
number of particles related to the unit volume of the carrier gas
Note 1 to entry: For the exact particle number concentration indication, information on the gaseous condition
(temperature and pressure) is necessary. This can include a comparison of the measured number concentration
with the test certificate of a CPC or a correction of the nominal flow with the actual volumetric flow. A frequent
check of the instrument including its air flow and response is strongly recommended.
Note 2 to entry: In many cases, depending on make and model, the CPC outputs the particle number
concentration based on the assumption that its air flow rate equals the nominal air flow rate determined at a
specific testing condition.
−3
Note 3 to entry: The particle number concentration is given as number per cubic centimetre [cm ].
3.8
ultrafine particle
particle with a nominal diameter (such as geometric, aerodynamic, mobility, projected-area or
otherwise) of 100 nm or less
Note 1 to entry: The term is often used in the context of particles produced as a by-product of a process
(incidental particles), such as welding fume and combustion fume.
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 27628:2007, definition 2.21]
4 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
CMMD Count Median Mobility Diameter of a particle size distribution
CNC Condensation Nuclei Counter
CPC Condensation Particle Counter
5 Principle
The common principle of all different CPC types is the condensation of supersaturated vapours onto
particles. Particles grow to droplets of sizes that can be de
...