EN ISO 15197:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 15197:2013
'LDJQRVWLþQLSUHVNXVQLVLVWHPLLQYLWUR=DKWHYH]DVLVWHPHQDG]RUDJOXNR]HYNUYL
]DVDPRSUHVNXãDQMHSULREUDYQDYLVODGNRUQHEROH]QL,62
In vitro diagnostic test systems - Requirements for blood-glucose monitoring systems for
self-testing in managing diabetes mellitus (ISO 15197:2013)
Testsysteme für die In­vitro­Diagnostik - Anforderungen an Blutzuckermesssysteme zur
Eigenanwendung bei Diabetes mellitus (ISO 15197:2013)
Systèmes d'essais de diagnostic in vitro - Exigences relatives aux systèmes
d'autosurveillance de la glycémie destinés à la prise en charge du diabète sucré (ISO
15197:2013)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 15197:2015
ICS:
11.100.10 'LDJQRVWLþQLSUHVNXVQL In vitro diagnostic test
VLVWHPLLQYLWUR systems
11.100.30 Analiza krvi in urina Analysis of blood and urine
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 15197
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2015
ICS 11.100.10 Supersedes EN ISO 15197:2013
English Version
In vitro diagnostic test systems - Requirements for blood-glucose
monitoring systems for self-testing in managing diabetes mellitus
(ISO 15197:2013)
Systèmes d'essais de diagnostic in vitro - Exigences Testsysteme für die In-vitro-Diagnostik - Anforderungen an
relatives aux systèmes d'autosurveillance de la glycémie Blutzuckermesssysteme zur Eigenanwendung bei Diabetes
destinés à la prise en charge du diabète sucré (ISO mellitus (ISO 15197:2013)
15197:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 June 2015.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 15197:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/79/EC .4
Foreword
The text of ISO 15197:2013 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 212 “Clinical laboratory
testing and in vitro diagnostic test systems” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has
been taken over as EN ISO 15197:2015 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 140 “In vitro diagnostic medical
devices” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by June 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 15197:2013.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For undated
references, the edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) listed below applies. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. However, for any use of this standard ‘within the meaning of
Annex ZA’, the user should always check that any referenced document has not been superseded and that its
relevant contents can still be considered the generally acknowledged state-of-art.
When an IEC or ISO standard is referred to in the ISO standard text, this shall be understood as a normative
reference to the corresponding EN standard, if available, and otherwise to the dated version of the ISO or IEC
standard, as listed below.
NOTE The way in which these referenced documents are cited in normative requirements determines the extent (in
whole or in part) to which they apply.
Table — Correlation between undated normative references and dated EN and ISO standards
Normative references as listed Equivalent dated standard
in Clause 2
EN ISO
ISO 13485 EN ISO 13485:2012 + AC:2012 ISO 13485:2003 + Cor. 1:2009
ISO 14971 EN ISO 14971:2012 ISO 14971:2007, Corrected version
2007-10-01
ISO 17511 EN ISO 17511:2003 ISO 17511:2003
ISO 18113-1 EN ISO 18113-1:2011 ISO 18113-1:2009
ISO 18113-4 EN ISO 18113-4:2011 ISO 18113-4:2009
ISO 18113-5 EN ISO 18113-5:2011 ISO 18113-5:2009
ISO 23640 EN ISO 23640:2014 ISO 23640:2011
IEC 60068-2-64 EN 60068-2-64:2008 IEC 60068-2-64:2008
IEC 61010-1 EN 61010-1:2010 IEC 61010-1:2010 + Cor. :2011
IEC 61010-2-101 EN 61010-2-101:2002 IEC 61010-2-101:2002
IEC 61326-1 EN 61326-1:2013 IEC 61326-1:2012
IEC 61326-2-6 EN 61326-2-6:2013 IEC 61326-2-6:2012
IEC 62366 EN 62366:2008 IEC 62366:2007
EN 13612 EN 13612:2002
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 15197:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15197:2015 without any modification.
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/79/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of
Directive 98/79/EC in vitro diagnostic medical devices.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of
conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA Regulations.
NOTE 1 Where a reference from a clause of this standard to the risk management process is made, the risk
management process needs to be in compliance with Directive 98/79/EC. This means that risks have to be reduced ‘as far
as possible’, ‘to a minimum’, ‘to the lowest possible level’, ‘minimized’ or ‘removed’, according to the wording of the
corresponding essential requirement.
NOTE 2 The manufacturer’s policy for determining acceptable risk must be in compliance with essential requirements
Part A: 1, 2 and 5; Part B: 1.2, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 of the Directive.
NOTE 3 This Annex ZA is based on normative references according to the table of references in the European
foreword, replacing the references in the core text.
NOTE 4 When an Essential Requirement does not appear in Table ZA.1, it means that it is not addressed by this
European Standard.
Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 98/79/EC
Essential Requirements
Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of this EN (ERs) of Qualifying remarks/notes
Directive 98/79/EC
4.3 A.2 Referenced clause covers only the first
bullet point of the ER.
Risk management of blood glucose
monitoring instrument is not covered by
the referenced clause.
Directive 98/79/EC requires
manufacturers to eliminate or reduce risks
as far as possible.
For managing risks associated with in
vitro diagnostic medical devices EN
ISO 14971:2012 should be applied.
5.11, 5.12 B.3.3 Referenced clauses cover only the
temperature (5.11) and humidity (5.12)
aspects of the ER (in second bullet)
4.4 B.3.6
6, 7.2 B.4.1 This ER is covered when accuracy limits
are stated by the manufacturer in the IFU.
4.5 B.7.2
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within
the scope of this standard.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15197
Second edition
2013-05-15
In vitro diagnostic test systems —
Requirements for blood-glucose
monitoring systems for self-testing in
managing diabetes mellitus
Systèmes d’essais de diagnostic in vitro — Exigences relatives aux
systèmes d’autosurveillance de la glycémie destinés à la prise en
charge du diabète sucré
Reference number
ISO 15197:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013
ISO 15197:2013(E)
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 15197:2013(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Design and development . 8
4.1 General requirements . 8
4.2 Metrological traceability . 8
4.3 Safety and risk management . 9
4.4 Ergonomics and human factors .10
4.5 User verification requirements .10
5 Safety and reliability testing .10
5.1 General requirements .10
5.2 Protection against electric shock .11
5.3 Protection against mechanical hazards .11
5.4 Electromagnetic compatibility .11
5.5 Resistance to heat .11
5.6 Resistance to moisture and liquids .11
5.7 Protection against liberated gases, explosion and implosion.12
5.8 Meter components .12
5.9 Performance test .12
5.10 Mechanical resistance to vibration and shock .12
5.11 Equipment temperature exposure limits for storage .13
5.12 Equipment humidity exposure limits for storage .13
6 Analytical performance evaluation .14
6.1 General requirements .14
6.2 Measurement precision .16
6.3 System accuracy .19
6.4 Influence quantities .25
6.5 Stability of reagents and materials .30
7 Information supplied by the manufacturer .30
7.1 General requirements .30
7.2 Performance characteristics.31
7.3 Options for supplying instructions for use .31
8 User performance evaluation .31
8.1 General requirements .31
8.2 Acceptance criteria and evaluation of results .32
8.3 Selection and preparation of subjects .32
8.4 Execution of study protocol .32
8.5 Glucose reference values .33
8.6 Human factors .33
8.7 Data analysis and presentation of results .33
8.8 Evaluation of instructions for use .34
Annex A (informative) Possible interfering substances .35
Annex B (informative) Traceability chain .36
Annex C (informative) Rationale for the analytical performance requirements .38
Bibliography
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................45
ISO 15197:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 15197 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 212, Clinical laboratory testing and in vitro
diagnostic test systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15197:2003), the clauses, subclauses and
annexes of which have been technically revised.
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 15197:2013(E)
Introduction
Blood-glucose monitoring systems are in vitro diagnostic medical devices used predominantly by
individuals affected by diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is caused by a deficiency in insulin secretion
or by insulin resistance leading to abnormally high concentrations of glucose in the blood, which may
result in acute and chronic health complications. When used properly, a glucose monitoring system
allows the user to monitor and take action to control the concentration of glucose present in the blood.
This International Standard is intended for blood-glucose monitoring systems used by lay persons. The
primary objectives are to establish requirements that result in acceptable performance and to specify
procedures for demonstrating conformance to this International Standard.
Minimum performance criteria for blood-glucose monitoring systems were established from the
analytical requirements (precision and trueness) for individual glucose measurement results. “System
accuracy” is the term used in this International Standard to communicate the analytical capability of
a blood-glucose monitoring system to the intended users (i.e. lay persons), who would not be familiar
with metrological terms commonly used in laboratory medicine. System accuracy describes the ability
of a glucose monitoring system to produce measurement results that agree with true glucose values
when the system is used as intended. The concept of “system accuracy” includes measurement bias and
measurement precision.
The requirements for system accuracy are based on three considerations:
— the effectiveness of current technology for monitoring patients with diabetes mellitus;
— recommendations of diabetes researchers as well as existing product standards and regulatory
guidelines; and
— the state-of-the-art of blood-glucose monitoring technology.
In arriving at the performance requirements specified in the second edition of this International
Standard, desirable goals had to be weighed against the capabilities of existing blood-glucose
monitoring technology. The revised performance criteria in this edition are the result of improvements
in technology since publication of the first edition. The considerations that formed the basis for the
minimum acceptable analytical performance of a blood-glucose measuring device intended for self-
monitoring are described in Annex C.
Requirements that are unique to self-monitoring devices for blood-glucose are addressed in this
International Standard. Requirements that apply in general to all in vitro diagnostic medical devices are
incorporated by reference to other standards where appropriate.
Although this International Standard does not apply to glucose monitoring systems that provide
measured values on an ordinal scale (e.g. visual, semiquantitative measurement procedures) or medical
devices that measure blood-glucose continuously for self-monitoring, it may be useful as a guide for
developing procedures to evaluate the performance of such systems.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15197:2013(E)
In vitro diagnostic test systems — Requirements for blood-
glucose monitoring systems for self-testing in managing
diabetes mellitus
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements for in vitro glucose monitoring systems that measure
glucose concentrations in capillary blood samples, for specific design verification procedures and for
the validation of performance by the intended users. These systems are intended for self-measurement
by lay persons for management of diabetes mellitus.
This International Standard is applicable to manufacturers of such systems and those other organizations
(e.g. regulatory authorities and conformity assessment bodies) having the responsibility for assessing
the performance of these systems.
This International Standard does not:
— provide a comprehensive evaluation of all possible factors that could affect the performance of
these systems,
— pertain to glucose concentration measurement for the purpose of diagnosing diabetes mellitus,
— address the medical aspects of diabetes mellitus management,
— apply to measurement procedures with measured values on an ordinal scale (e.g. visual,
semiquantitative measurement procedures), or to continuous glucose monitoring systems,
— apply to glucose meters intended for use in medical applications other than self-testing for the
management of diabetes mellitus
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13485, Medical devices — Quality management systems — Requirements for regulatory purposes
ISO 14971, Medical devices — Application of risk management to medical devices
ISO 17511, In vitro diagnostic medical devices — Measurement of quantities in biological samples —
Metrological traceability of values assigned to calibrators and control materials
ISO 18113-1, In vitro diagnostic medical devices — Information supplied by the manufacturer (labelling) —
Part 1: Terms, definitions and general requirements
ISO 18113-4, In vitro diagnostic medical devices — Information supplied by the manufacturer (labelling) —
Part 4: In vitro diagnostic reagents for self-testing
ISO 18113-5, In vitro diagnostic medical devices — Information supplied by the manufacturer (labelling) —
Part 5: In vitro diagnostic instruments for self-testing
ISO 23640, In vitro diagnostic medical devices — Evaluation of stability of in vitro diagnostic reagents
IEC 60068-2-64, Environmental testing — Part 2-64: Tests — Test Fh: Vibration, broadband random and
guidance
ISO 15197:2013(E)
IEC 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use —
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61010-2-101, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory
use — Part 2-101: Particular requirements for in vitro diagnostic (IVD) medical equipment
IEC 61326-1, Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use — EMC requirements —
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61326-2-6, Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use — EMC requirements —
Part 2-6: Particular requirements — In vitro diagnostic (IVD) medical equipment
IEC 62366, Medical devices — Application of usability engineering to medical devices
EN 13612, Performance evaluation of in vitro diagnostic medical devices
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18113-1 and the following apply.
3.1
blood-glucose monitoring system
measuring system consisting of a portable instrument and reagents used for the in vitro monitoring of
glucose concentrations in blood
Note 1 to entry: Blood-glucose monitoring systems measure glucose in capillary blood samples, but can express
measured values as either the glucose concentration in capillary blood or the equivalent glucose concentration
in capillary plasma. Concentrations in this International Standard refer to the type of measured values reported
by the system.
3.2
blood-glucose meter
component of a blood-glucose monitoring system that converts the product of a chemical reaction into
the glucose concentration of the sample
3.3
capillary blood-sample
blood sample collected by skin puncture
Note 1 to entry: A finger punctured by a lancet is commonly called a “fingerstick”.
3.4
commutability of a reference material
property of a reference material, demonstrated by the closeness of agreement between the relation among
the measurement results for a stated quantity in this material, obtained according to two given measurement
procedures, and the relation obtained among the measurement results for other specified materials
Note 1 to entry: The reference material in question is usually a calibrator and the other specified materials are
usually routine samples.
Note 2 to entry: The measurement procedures referred to in the definition are the one preceding and the one following
the reference material (calibrator) in question in a calibration hierarchy. See ISO 17511 for further information.
Note 3 to entry: The stability of commutable reference materials is monitored regularly.
[ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definition 5.15]
Note 4 to entry: Although blood would be the ideal matrix for reference materials for blood-glucose monitoring
devices, such materials are not available at this time.
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 15197:2013(E)
3.5
consecutive selection method
sampling method for a research study in which all subjects that meet the enrolment criteria are accepted
in the order they volunteer for the study
Note 1 to entry: This method will provide unbiased samples as long as no confounding variables are introduced
during the trial period. For example, if a study lasts one morning, study subjects might not be representative of
the target population, since subjects who visit the clinic in the morning might not be representative of all subjects
who visit the clinic.
[5]
Note 2 to entry: Adapted from Reference.
3.6
disinfection
process of destroying pathogenic organisms or rendering them inert
[6]
Note 1 to entry: Adapted from Reference.
3.7
influence quantity
quantity that, in a direct measurement, does not affect the quantity that is actually measured, but affects
the relation between the measurement indication and the measurement result
EXAMPLE 1 Frequency in the direct measurement with an ammeter of the constant amplitude of an
alternating current.
EXAMPLE 2 Amount-of-substance concentration of bilirubin in a direct measurement of haemoglobin amount-
of-substance concentration in human blood plasma.
EXAMPLE 3 Temperature of a micrometer used for measuring the length of a rod, but not the temperature of
the rod itself which can enter into the definition of the measurand.
EXAMPLE 4 Background pressure in the ion source of a mass spectrometer during a measurement of amount-
of-substance fraction.
Note 1 to entry: An indirect measurement involves a combination of direct measurements, each of which may be
affected by influence quantities.
Note 2 to entry: Adapted from ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definition 2.52.
3.8
intermediate measurement precision
intermediate precision
measurement precision under a set of conditions of measurement that includes the same measurement
procedure, same location and replicate measurements on the same or similar objects over an extended
period of time, and can include other conditions involving changes
Note 1 to entry: Interpretation of intermediate measurement precision requires that the changed and unchanged
conditions be specified, particularly variables such as calibrations, reagent lots, measuring systems, operators
and environmental conditions.
Note 2 to entry: In evaluating IVD medical devices, the intermediate precision conditions are generally selected to
represent the actual use conditions of the IVD medical device over an extended period of time.
Note 3 to entry: Relevant statistical concepts are given in ISO 5725-3.
Note 4 to entry: Intermediate precision can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics
of the measured values, such as standard deviation, variance, and coefficient of variation.
Note 5 to entry: Adapted from ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definitions 2.22 and 2.23.
ISO 15197:2013(E)
3.9
lay person
individual without formal training in a relevant field or discipline
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this International Standard, a lay person is a user of a blood-glucose monitoring
device who does not have specific medical, scientific or technical knowledge related to blood-glucose monitoring.
Note 2 to entry: Adapted from ISO 18113-1, definition 3.34.
3.10
manufacturer’s selected measurement procedure
measurement procedure that is calibrated by one or more primary or secondary calibrators and
validated for its intended use
Note 1 to entry: ISO 17511:2003, Figure 1 shows the manufacturer’s selected measurement procedure in the
traceability chain.
Note 2 to entry: See ISO 17511:2003, 4.2.2 f).
3.11
manufacturer’s standing measurement procedure
measurement procedure that is calibrated by one or more of the manufacturer’s working calibrators or
higher types of calibrator and validated for its intended use
Note 1 to entry: ISO 17511:2003, Figure 1 shows the manufacturer’s standing measurement procedure in the
traceability chain.
Note 2 to entry: See ISO 17511:2003, 4.2.2 h).
3.12
measurement accuracy
accuracy
closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a true quantity value of the measurand
Note 1 to entry: The concept “measurement accuracy” is not a quantity and is not given a numerical quantity
value. A measurement is said to be more accurate when it offers a smaller measurement error.
Note 2 to entry: The term “measurement accuracy” is not used for measurement trueness and the term
“measurement precision” is not used for measurement accuracy, which, however, is related to both these concepts.
Note 3 to entry: “Measurement accuracy” is sometimes understood as closeness of agreement between measured
quantity values that are being attributed to a measurand.
[ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definition 2.13]
3.13
measurement bias
bias
estimate of a systematic measurement error
Note 1 to entry: Bias is inversely related to trueness.
Note 2 to entry: An estimation of bias is the average value of a series of measurements minus a reference
quantity value.
Note 3 to entry: Adapted from ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definition 2.18.
4 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 15197:2013(E)
3.14
measurement precision
precision
closeness of agreement between measurement indications or measured quantity values obtained by
replicate measurements on the same or similar objects under specified conditions
Note 1 to entry: Measurement precision is usually expressed numerically by measures of imprecision, such as
standard deviation, variance or coefficient of variation under the specified conditions of measurement.
Note 2 to entry: The “specified conditions” can be, for example, repeatability conditions of measurement,
intermediate precision conditions of measurement, or reproducibility conditions of measurement (see ISO 5725-3).
Note 3 to entry: Measurement precision is used to define measurement repeatability, intermediate measurement
precision, and measurement reproducibility.
Note 4 to entry: Replicate measurements means measurements that are obtained in a manner not influenced by a
previous measurement on the same or similar sample.
Note 5 to entry: Adapted from ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definition 2.15.
3.15
measurement repeatability
repeatability
measurement precision under a set of conditions of measurement that includes the same measurement
procedure, same operators, same measuring system, same operating conditions and same location, and
replicate measurements on the same or similar objects over a short period of time
Note 1 to entry: In clinical chemistry, the term within-run precision or intra-series precision is sometimes used
to designate this concept.
Note 2 to entry: In evaluating an IVD medical device, repeatability conditions are generally selected to represent
essentially unchanged conditions (called repeatability conditions) resulting in the minimum variability of
measured values. Repeatability information can be useful for troubleshooting purposes.
Note 3 to entry: Repeatability can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics of the
measured values, such as repeatability standard deviation, repeatability variance and repeatability coefficient of
variation. Relevant statistical terms are given in ISO 5725-2.
Note 4 to entry: Adapted from ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definitions 2.20 and 2.21.
3.16
measurement reproducibility
reproducibility
measurement precision under conditions of measurement that includes different locations, operators,
measuring systems, and replicate measurements on the same or similar objects
Note 1 to entry: In clinical chemistry, the term laboratory-to-laboratory precision is sometimes used to designate
this concept.
Note 2 to entry: In evaluating an IVD medical device, reproducibility conditions are generally selected to represent
maximally changed conditions (called reproducibility conditions) resulting in the variability of measured values
that would be encountered when comparing measurement results among independent laboratories, such as
would occur in inter-laboratory comparison programmes (e.g. proficiency testing, external quality assurance or
laboratory standardization trials).
Note 3 to entry: Reproducibility can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics of
the measured values, such as reproducibility standard deviation, reproducibility variance and reproducibility
coefficient of variation. Relevant statistical terms are given in ISO 5725-2.
Note 4 to entry: The different measuring systems can use different measurement procedures.
Note 5 to entry: A specification should give the conditions changed and unchanged, to the extent practical.
Note 6 to entry: Adapted from ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definitions 2.24 and 2.25.
ISO 15197:2013(E)
3.17
measurement trueness
trueness
closeness of agreement between the average of an infinite number of replicate measured quantity values
and a reference quantity value
Note 1 to entry: Measurement trueness is not a quantity and thus cannot be expressed numerically, but measures
for closeness of agreement are given in ISO 5725-1.
Note 2 to entry: Measurement trueness is inversely related to systematic measurement error, but is not related
to random measurement error.
Note 3 to entry: Measurement accuracy should not be used for “measurement trueness” and vice versa.
[ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definition 2.14]
3.18
measuring interval
set of values of quantities of the same kind that can be measured by a given measuring instrument or
measuring system with specified instrumental uncertainty, under defined conditions
Note 1 to entry: The measuring interval over which the performance characteristics of an IVD medical device
have been validated has been called the reportable range.
Note 2 to entry: The lower limit of a measuring interval is not necessarily the same as the detection limit. See
ISO 18113-1:2009, A.2.8, for further information.
Note 3 to entry: For a discussion of the difference between interval and range, see ISO 18113-1:2009, A.2.11.
Note 4 to entry: Adapted from ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definition 4.7.
3.19
metrological traceability
property of a measurement result whereby the result can be related to a reference through a documented
unbroken chain of calibrations, each contributing to the measurement uncertainty
Note 1 to entry: For this definition, a reference can be a definition of a measurement unit through its practical
realization, or a measurement procedure including the measurement unit for a nonordinal quantity, or a
measurement standard.
Note 2 to entry: Metrological traceability requires an established calibration hierarchy. The sequence of measurement
standards and calibrations that is used to relate a measurement result to a reference is called a traceability chain.
A metrological traceability chain is used to establish metrological traceability of a measurement result, including
calibrator values. See ISO 17511 for examples of traceability chains pertaining to IVD medical devices.
Note 3 to entry: Specification of the stated reference must include the time at which this reference was used in
establishing the calibration hierarchy, along with any other relevant metrological information about the reference,
such as when the first calibration in the calibration hierarchy was performed.
Note 4 to entry: For measurements with more than one input quantity in the measurement model, each of the
quantity values should itself be metrologically traceable and the calibration hierarchy involved can form a
branched structure or a network. The effort involved in establishing metrological traceability for each input
quantity should be commensurate with its relative contribution to the measurement result.
Note 5 to entry: A comparison between two measurement standards can be viewed as a calibration if the
comparison is used to check and, if necessary, correct the quantity value and measurement uncertainty attributed
to one of the measurement standards.
Note 6 to entry: The abbreviated term traceability is sometimes used to mean metrological traceability as well
as other concepts, such as sample traceability or document traceability or instrument traceability or material
traceability, where the history (trace) of an item is meant. Therefore, the full term of metrological traceability is
preferred if there is any chance of confusion.
Note 7 to entry: Adapted from ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, definition 2.41.
6 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO 15197:2013(E)
3.20
metrological traceability chain
traceability chain
sequence of measurement standards and calibrations that is used to relate a measurement result to a
reference
Note 1 to entry: A metrological traceability chain is defined through a calibration hierarchy.
Note 2 to entry: A metrological traceability chain is used to establish metrological traceability of a measurement result.
Note 3 to entry: A comparison between two measurement standards may be viewed as a calibration if the
comparison is used to check and, if necessary, correct the quantity value and measure
...