Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 4: Peel test

This document specifies the dimensions, the method of sampling and the preparation of the test specimens, and also the conditions for performing the peel test perpendicular to the weld in order to determine the peel resistance and the failure behaviour.
A peel test can be used in conjunction with other tests (e.g. tensile creep, macroscopic examination...) to assess the performance of welded assemblies, made from thermoplastics materials.
Peel tests are applicable to overlap welded assemblies made from thermoplastics materials.
The T-peel test as defined in Clause 5 will be used only for assessing welded sheet assemblies. This test is not applicable to welded test pieces containing sheets of different nominal thickness.
The decohesion test as defined in Clause 6 will be used only for assessing electrofusion joints with nominal thickness of pipe/fitting greater than 10 mm.
For socket fusion and for electrofusion socket joints with nominal outside diameter less than or equal to 90 mm, a crush test will be used, as defined in Clause 7.
The crush test can also be used for electrofusion joints with outside diameters greater than 90 mm.
The crush test for electrofusion saddle joints will be performed in accordance with ISO 13955 [1].
NOTE   A decohesion test is also defined in ISO 13954 [2].
The tests defined in this standard are not intended to be used for assessment and/or qualification of thermoplastic fittings that already have their own requirements, e.g. polyethylene fittings according to EN 1555-3 [3] and EN 12201-3 [4].

Prüfen von Schweißverbindungen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen - Teil 4: Schälversuch

Die vorliegende Norm legt die Maße, das Verfahren für die Probenahme und die Herstellung von Proben sowie die Bedingungen für die Durchführung der Schälprüfung senkrecht zur Schweißnaht fest, um den Schälwiderstand und das Versagensverhalten zu bestimmen.
Eine Schälprüfung darf in Verbindung mit weiteren Prüfungen durchgeführt werden (z. B. Zeitstand Zugprüfung, makroskopische Untersuchung, ...), um die Gebrauchstauglichkeit von geschweißten Verbindungen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen zu beurteilen.
Schälprüfungen sind auf Überlappschweißverbindungen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen anwendbar.
Die T Schälprüfung nach Abschnitt 5 darf nur für die Beurteilung zusammengeschweißter Platten angewendet werden. Diese Prüfung ist nicht auf geschweißte Prüfstücke aus Platten unterschiedlicher Nenndicke anwendbar.
Die Schältrennprüfung nach Abschnitt 6 darf nur für die Beurteilung von Heizwendelschweißverbindungen angewendet werden, bei denen die Nenndicke des Rohrs/des Formstücks mehr als 10 mm beträgt.
Für die Beurteilung von geschweißten Muffenverbindungen und Heizwendelschweißverbindungen bei Nenn Außendurchmessern von bis zu 90 mm muss eine Quetschprüfung nach Abschnitt 7 angewendet werden.
Die Quetschprüfung kann auch für Heizwendelschweißverbindungen mit Rohraußendurchmessern von über 90 mm angewendet werden.
Die Quetschprüfung für Heizwendel Falzverbindungen ist nach ISO 13955 [6] durchzuführen.
ANMERKUNG 1   Eine Schältrennprüfung ist auch in ISO 13954 [5] definiert.
Die in dieser Norm definierten Prüfungen sollten nicht für die Bewertung und/oder Qualifizierung von Thermoplast Formstücken, z. B. Polyethylen Formstücken nach EN 1555 3[1] und EN 12201 3[2] angewendet werden, da hierfür eigene Anforderungen gelten.

Essai des assemblages soudés sur produits semi-finis en thermoplastiques - Partie 4 : Essai de pelage

Le présent document spécifie les dimensions, la méthode d’échantillonnage et la préparation des éprouvettes, ainsi que les conditions d’exécution de l’essai de pelage perpendiculairement à la soudure pour déterminer la résistance au pelage et le comportement à la rupture.
Un essai de pelage peut être utilisé en combinaison avec d’autres essais (par exemple essai de fluage, examen macroscopique, ...) pour évaluer les performances d’assemblages soudés, réalisés à partir de matières thermoplastiques.
Les essais de pelage sont applicables aux assemblages soudés par recouvrement réalisés à partir de matières thermoplastiques.
L’essai de pelage en T, tel que défini à l’Article 5, doit uniquement être utilisé pour l’évaluation d’assemblages de plaques soudées. Cet essai ne s’applique pas aux pièces d’essai soudées comprenant des plaques d’épaisseurs nominales différentes.
L’essai de décohésion, tel que défini à l’Article 6, doit uniquement être utilisé pour l’évaluation d’assemblages électrosoudables de tube/de raccord ayant une épaisseur nominale supérieure à 10 mm.
Pour les assemblages par fusion d’emboîture et les assemblages par emboîture électrosoudable ayant un diamètre extérieur nominal inférieur ou égal à 90 mm, un essai d’écrasement, tel que défini à l’Article 7, doit être effectué.
L’essai d’écrasement peut également être effectué pour les assemblages électrosoudables ayant un diamètre extérieur supérieur à 90 mm.
L’essai d’écrasement pour les assemblages avec selles de branchement électrosoudables doit être effectué conformément à l’ISO 13955 [1].
NOTE      Un essai de décohésion est également défini dans l’ISO 13954 [2].
Les essais définis dans la présente norme ne sont pas destinés à être utilisés pour l’évaluation et/ou la qualification de raccords en matières thermoplastiques qui sont déjà soumis à des exigences spécifiques, par exemple raccords en polyéthylène conformes à l’EN 1555-3[3] et à l’EN 12201-3[4].

Preskus zvarjenih spojev plastomernih polizdelkov - 4. del: Preskus luščenja

Ta osnutek evropskega standarda določa dimenzije, metodo vzorčenja, pripravo preskusnih vzorcev in tudi pogoje za izvedbo preskusa luščenja pravokotno na zvar, s katerim se določi odpornost na luščenje in vedenje ob okvarah.
Preskus luščenja se lahko uporabi skupaj z drugimi preskusi (npr. lezenje pri natezni obremenitvi, makroskopski pregled itd.) za oceno zmogljivosti varjenih sestavov iz plastomernih materialov.
Preskusi luščenja se uporabljajo za prekrivno zvarjene sestave, izdelane iz plastomernih materialov.
Preskus luščenja T, kot je določen v točki 5, se uporablja le za ocenjevanje sestavov varjenih plošč. Ta preskus se ne uporablja za varjene preskušance, ki vsebujejo plošče različne nazivne debeline.
Dekohezijski preskus, kot je določen v točki 6, se uporablja samo za ocenjevanje elektrofuzijskih spojev z nazivno debelino cevi/fitinga, večjo od 10 mm.
Pri varilnih in elektrofuzijskih spojih z nazivnim zunanjim premerom, manjšim ali enakim 90 mm, se uporablja preskus drobljenja, kot je določen v točki 7.
Preskus drobljenja se lahko uporablja tudi za elektrofuzijske spoje z zunanjimi premeri, večjimi od 90 mm.
Preskus drobljenja za elektrofuzijske sedlaste spoje bo izveden skladno s standardom ISO 13955 [6].
OPOMBA:   Dekohezijski preskus je določen tudi v standardu ISO 13954 [5].
Preskusi, določeni v tem standardu, se ne smejo uporabljati za ocenjevanje in/ali kvalifikacijo plastomernih fitingov, npr. polietilenskih fitingov skladno s standardoma EN 1555-3 [1] in EN 12201-3 [2], ker že vključujejo lastne zahteve.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
03-Apr-2018
Withdrawal Date
30-Oct-2018
Current Stage
9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
Start Date
29-Aug-2024
Completion Date
14-Apr-2025

Relations

Overview

EN 12814-4:2018 - Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi‑finished products - Part 4: Peel test (CEN) specifies sampling, specimen dimensions, preparation and test conditions for performing peel tests perpendicular to a weld to determine peel resistance and failure behaviour of welded thermoplastic assemblies. The standard defines three main test methods (T‑peel, decohesion and crush tests), their intended scope and basic test procedures, and is intended to be used alongside other assessments such as tensile creep or macroscopic examination.

Key topics and requirements

  • Scope and applicability
    • Applicable to overlap welded assemblies made from thermoplastics.
    • Not intended to replace specific fitting qualification requirements (e.g., EN 1555‑3, EN 12201‑3).
  • T‑peel test (Clause 5)
    • Used for welded sheet assemblies (T‑peel geometry).
    • Defines specimen dimensions, conditioning, test speed (material‑dependent), apparatus requirements and calculation of peel resistance (P1 = mean maximum force / specimen width).
  • Decohesion test (Clause 6)
    • Intended for electrofusion joints with nominal wall thickness > 10 mm.
    • Sections are cut at equidistant positions around the joint and subjected to longitudinal peel to record ductile vs brittle failure and percentage brittle fracture.
  • Crush test (Clause 7)
    • Used for socket fusion and electrofusion socket joints with nominal outside diameter ≤ 90 mm (and optionally > 90 mm).
    • Describes axial sectioning and squeezing procedure to evaluate fusion-plane fracture and weld integrity.
    • Electrofusion saddle joints: test performed per ISO 13955.
  • Specimen preparation and conditioning
    • Minimum ageing/conditioning times (e.g., at least 8 h between welding and machining); avoidance of heating and notching during cutting; marking original position.
  • Test equipment and recording
    • Conformance to ISO 5893 for tensile/compression test machines; requirements for displacement rate stability and force measurement accuracy.
  • Reporting
    • Test report content and failure mode documentation (force–displacement curves, location/length of brittle or ductile failure).

Applications and who uses this standard

  • Quality control and R&D for manufacturers of thermoplastic pipes, fittings and semi‑finished sheets.
  • Independent test laboratories performing weld qualification or failure analysis.
  • Design and quality engineers assessing joint integrity after process changes (welding parameters, materials).
  • Specifiers and regulators seeking standardized test methods for welded thermoplastic assemblies.

Related standards

  • EN 12814 series (Parts 1–8) - complementary tests (bend, tensile, creep, macroscopic examination, etc.)
  • ISO 5893 - test machine specification
  • ISO 13954 / ISO 13955 - related decohesion/crush methods
  • EN 14728 - weld imperfections
  • EN 1555‑3, EN 12201‑3 - product‑specific polyethylene fittings requirements

Keywords: EN 12814‑4:2018, peel test, welded joints, thermoplastics, decohesion test, T‑peel, crush test, electrofusion, socket fusion, welding test standard.

Standard
EN 12814-4:2018
English language
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Prüfen von Schweißverbindungen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen - Teil 4: SchälversuchEssai des assemblages soudés sur produits semi-finis en thermoplastiques - Partie 4 : Essai de pelageTesting of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 4: Peel test25.160.40Varjeni spoji in variWelded joints and weldsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12814-4:2018SIST EN 12814-4:2018en,fr,de01-junij-2018SIST EN 12814-4:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12814-4:20021DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12814-4
April
t r s z ICS
t wä s x rä v r Supersedes EN
s t z s væ vã t r r sEnglish Version
Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semiæfinished products æ Part
vã Peel test Essai des assemblages soudßs sur produits semiæfinis en thermoplastiques æ Partie
v ã Essai de pelage
Prüfen von Schweißverbindungen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen æ Teil
vã SchälversuchThis European Standard was approved by CEN on
s r December
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s t z s væ vã t r s z ESIST EN 12814-4:2018

Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope. 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Symbols and designations . 4 5 T-peel test . 5 6 Decohesion test . 8 7 Crush test . 12 8 Test report . 14 Bibliography . 16 SIST EN 12814-4:2018

Figure 1 — T-peel test specimen The value of Lc shall be greater than, or equal to, b. Table 2 — Dimensions of test specimen Dimensions in millimetres an b a Li an
1,5 15
15 1,5 < an
3 15
10 x an 3 < an
5 25
10 x an an > 5 5 x an
10 x an a
For reinforced materials, b shall be 50 mm. The tolerance for b shall be ± 0,5 mm. 5.2.2 Preparation of test specimens The time between the end of the welding operations and the start of machining operations, shall be at least 8 h. The welded test specimens shall be cut perpendicular to the welded joint. The test specimens shall be cut with parallel sides as shown in Figure 1. During cutting, heating of the test specimen should be avoided. Cutting of the test specimen shall not produce notches. After cutting, a visual examination of the weld should be carried out and any imperfections, as defined in EN 14728 [5], recorded. Each test specimen shall be marked so that its original position in the test piece can be identified. 5.2.3 Number of test specimens At least 5 specimens shall be tested for each welded test piece unless otherwise specified in the relevant application standard. SIST EN 12814-4:2018
...

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Frequently Asked Questions

EN 12814-4:2018 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 4: Peel test". This standard covers: This document specifies the dimensions, the method of sampling and the preparation of the test specimens, and also the conditions for performing the peel test perpendicular to the weld in order to determine the peel resistance and the failure behaviour. A peel test can be used in conjunction with other tests (e.g. tensile creep, macroscopic examination...) to assess the performance of welded assemblies, made from thermoplastics materials. Peel tests are applicable to overlap welded assemblies made from thermoplastics materials. The T-peel test as defined in Clause 5 will be used only for assessing welded sheet assemblies. This test is not applicable to welded test pieces containing sheets of different nominal thickness. The decohesion test as defined in Clause 6 will be used only for assessing electrofusion joints with nominal thickness of pipe/fitting greater than 10 mm. For socket fusion and for electrofusion socket joints with nominal outside diameter less than or equal to 90 mm, a crush test will be used, as defined in Clause 7. The crush test can also be used for electrofusion joints with outside diameters greater than 90 mm. The crush test for electrofusion saddle joints will be performed in accordance with ISO 13955 [1]. NOTE A decohesion test is also defined in ISO 13954 [2]. The tests defined in this standard are not intended to be used for assessment and/or qualification of thermoplastic fittings that already have their own requirements, e.g. polyethylene fittings according to EN 1555-3 [3] and EN 12201-3 [4].

This document specifies the dimensions, the method of sampling and the preparation of the test specimens, and also the conditions for performing the peel test perpendicular to the weld in order to determine the peel resistance and the failure behaviour. A peel test can be used in conjunction with other tests (e.g. tensile creep, macroscopic examination...) to assess the performance of welded assemblies, made from thermoplastics materials. Peel tests are applicable to overlap welded assemblies made from thermoplastics materials. The T-peel test as defined in Clause 5 will be used only for assessing welded sheet assemblies. This test is not applicable to welded test pieces containing sheets of different nominal thickness. The decohesion test as defined in Clause 6 will be used only for assessing electrofusion joints with nominal thickness of pipe/fitting greater than 10 mm. For socket fusion and for electrofusion socket joints with nominal outside diameter less than or equal to 90 mm, a crush test will be used, as defined in Clause 7. The crush test can also be used for electrofusion joints with outside diameters greater than 90 mm. The crush test for electrofusion saddle joints will be performed in accordance with ISO 13955 [1]. NOTE A decohesion test is also defined in ISO 13954 [2]. The tests defined in this standard are not intended to be used for assessment and/or qualification of thermoplastic fittings that already have their own requirements, e.g. polyethylene fittings according to EN 1555-3 [3] and EN 12201-3 [4].

EN 12814-4:2018 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.160.40 - Welded joints and welds. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

EN 12814-4:2018 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 12814-4:2001, EN 12814-4:2018/AC:2018, EN 12654-1:1998. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

You can purchase EN 12814-4:2018 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.

The article discusses the specifications and procedures for conducting a peel test on welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products. The peel test is used to determine the peel resistance and failure behavior of the weld. It can be used alongside other tests to assess the performance of welded assemblies made from thermoplastics. The T-peel test is specifically used for welded sheet assemblies, while the decohesion test is used for electrofusion joints with a pipe/fitting thickness greater than 10mm. The crush test is used for socket fusion and electrofusion socket joints with a nominal outside diameter less than or equal to 90mm. It can also be used for electrofusion joints with an outside diameter greater than 90mm. However, these tests should not be used for assessing thermoplastic fittings that already have their own specific requirements.

The article discusses the EN 12814-4:2018 standard, which focuses on testing welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products using the peel test. It specifies the dimensions, sampling method, and test specimen preparation. The peel test is used to determine the peel resistance and failure behavior of thermoplastic welded assemblies. This test can be used alongside other tests to evaluate the performance of welded assemblies made from thermoplastics. Different types of tests, such as the T-peel test, decohesion test, and crush test, are specified depending on the type and thickness of the welded material. It is important to note that these tests are not intended for assessing or qualifying thermoplastic fittings that already have their own specific requirements.

기사 제목: EN 12814-4:2018 - 열가소성 반제품의 용접 부위 시험 - 제4부: 벗기 시험 기사 내용: 본 문서는 벗기 시험을 수행하기 위한 차원, 표본 추출 방법 및 준비, 그리고 벗기 시험 수행 조건에 대해 명시하고 있으며, 열가소성 소재로 만든 용접 부위의 벗기 저항 및 파열 특성을 결정하기 위한 것이다. 벗기 시험은 열가소성 소재로 만든 겹쳐 용접된 조립물의 성능을 평가하기 위해 다른 시험 (예: 인장 크립, 거시적 조사...)과 함께 사용될 수 있다. 벗기 시험은 열가소성 소재를 사용하여 겹쳐 용접된 조립물에 적용할 수 있다. 6조에 정의된 분리 시험은 파이프/피팅의 명목 두께가 10 mm보다 더 큰 전기용해 접합부를 평가하기 위해 사용된다. 소켓용해 및 명목 외경이 90 mm 이하인 전기용해 소켓 접합부에는 7조에 정의된 압축 시험이 사용된다. 압축 시험은 외경이 90 mm보다 큰 전기용해 접합부에도 사용될 수 있다. ISO 13955 [1]에 따라 전기용해 삼발이 접합부에 대한 압축 시험도 수행된다. 참고로, ISO 13954 [2]에도 분리 시험이 정의되어 있다. 본 표준에서 정의된 시험은 이미 자체 요구사항을 갖고 있는 열가소성 피팅의 평가 및 인증에 사용되지 않는다. 예를 들어, EN 1555-3 [3] 및 EN 12201-3 [4]에 따라 만들어진 폴리에틸렌 피팅은 해당된다.

기사 제목: EN 12814-4:2018 - 열가소성 반제품의 용접 부위 테스트 - 제4부: 벗김 시험 기사 내용: 이 문서는 벗김 강도와 고장행동을 결정하기 위해 용접에 수직으로 벗김 시험을 수행하기 위한 샘플링 방법과 시험 시편의 크기 및 준비 조건을 명시합니다. 열가소성 재료로 만들어진 용접 어셈블리의 성능을 평가하기 위해 벗김 시험은 다른 시험 (예: 인장 크립, 거시적 검사...)과 함께 사용될 수 있습니다. 벗김 시험은 열가소성 재료로 만들어진 중첩 용접 어셈블리에 적용될 수 있습니다. 접합한 시트 어셈블리를 평가하기 위해 5절에서 정의된 T-벗김 시험은 시트의 두께가 다른 용접 시편에는 적용할 수 없습니다. 파이프 / 피팅의 명목 두께가 10mm 보다 큰 전기 용접 접합에 대해 6절에서 정의된 점착력 시험만 사용됩니다. 소켓 퓨전 및 명목 외경이 90 mm 이하인 전기 용접 소켓 접합에 대해서는 7절에서 정의된 파손 시험을 사용합니다. 파손 시험은 90mm 보다 큰 외경의 전기 용접 접합에도 사용될 수 있습니다. 전기 용접 새들 접합에 대한 파손 시험은 ISO 13955 [1]에 따라 수행됩니다. 참고로, ISO 13954 [2]에서도 점착력 시험이 정의되어 있습니다. 이 표준에서 정의한 시험은 이미 자체적인 요구 사항을 갖고 있는 열가소성 피팅의 평가 및 자격 인증에 사용되지 않습니다. 예를 들어, EN 1555-3 [3] 및 EN 12201-3 [4]에 따른 폴리에틸렌 피팅입니다.

記事タイトル:EN 12814-4:2018 - 熱可塑性半製品の溶接部の試験 - 第4部:剥離試験 記事内容:この文書では、剥離試験を行うための寸法、試料採取方法、試験片の準備方法、および剥離抵抗と破壊特性を決定するための試験条件について規定しています。 剥離試験は、熱可塑性材料から作られた溶接組立品の性能を評価するために、他の試験(例:引張りクリープ、巨視的観察など)と併用できます。 剥離試験は、熱可塑性材料から作られたオーバーラップ溶接組立品に適用されます。 条項5で定義されたT字剥離試験は、板状の溶接組立品を評価するためにだけ使用されます。この試験は、厚さが異なる板を含む溶接試験片には適用されません。 条項6で定義された剥離試験は、パイプ/フィッティングの厚さが10 mmを超える電気融着接合を評価するためにのみ使用されます。 直径が90 mm以下のソケット融着および電気融着ソケット接合には、条項7で定義された押し潰し試験が使用されます。 押し潰し試験は、直径が90 mmを超える電気融着接合にも使用されることがあります。 電気融着サドル接合に対する押し潰し試験は、ISO 13955 [1]に準拠して行われます。 注:ISO 13954 [2]にも剥離試験が定義されています。 この規格で定義された試験は、既に個別の要件を持つ熱可塑性フィッティングの評価や認証には使用されません。例えば、EN 1555-3 [3]およびEN 12201-3 [4]に準拠したポリエチレンフィッティングが該当します。

記事のタイトル:EN 12814-4:2018 - 熱可塑性半製品の溶接ジョイントのテスト - 第4部:ピールテスト 記事の内容:この文書では、ピールテストを行うための試料の寸法、サンプリング方法、試験片の準備、ピール抵抗と破壊挙動を決定するための条件を具体化しています。 ピールテストは、熱可塑性材料から作られた溶接アセンブリの性能を評価するため、他のテスト(引張りクリープ、大規模な観察など)と併用されることがあります。 ピールテストは、熱可塑性材料から作られたオーバーラップ溶接アセンブリに適用できます。 条項5で定義されているTピールテストは、シートアセンブリの溶接試験にのみ使用されます。このテストは、異なる名目厚さのシートを含む溶接試験片には適用されません。 条項6で定義されている脱層テストは、パイプ/フィッティングの名目厚さが10 mmを超える電気溶接ジョイントの評価にのみ使用されます。 ソケットフュージョンおよび名目外径が90 mm以下の電気溶接ソケットジョイントには、条項7で定義されているクラッシュテストが使用されます。 クラッシュテストは、外径が90 mmを超える電気溶接ジョイントにも使用できます。 電気溶接サドルジョイントのクラッシュテストは、ISO 13955 [1]に従って実施されます。 注:ISO 13954 [2]でも脱層テストが定義されています。 この規格で定義されているテストは、既に独自の要件を満たす熱可塑性フィッティングの評価や認証に使用することは意図されていません。たとえば、EN 1555-3 [3]およびEN 12201-3 [4]に準拠したポリエチレンフィッティングなどです。