EN 12814-5:2025
(Main)Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 5: Macroscopic examination
Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 5: Macroscopic examination
This document specifies the cutting and preparation of test specimens and the conditions for performing the macroscopic examination of the test specimens.
The test is applicable to welded assemblies made from thermoplastics materials filled or unfilled, using the following processes:
— hot gas welding: round nozzle, high speed nozzle, wedge;
— extrusion welding;
— heated tool welding: butt, saddle, socket, wedge;
— electrofusion welding: socket, saddle.
Prüfen von Schweißverbindungen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen - Teil 5: Makroskopische Untersuchung
Dieses Dokument legt das Schneiden und die Herstellung der Probekörper und die Bedingungen zur Durchführung der makroskopischen Untersuchung der Probekörper fest.
Die Prüfung ist auf geschweißte Fügeteile aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen mit oder ohne Füllstoff anwendbar, die mit folgenden Verfahren hergestellt wurden:
- Warmgasschweißen: Fächelschweißdüse, Ziehschweißdüse, Schweißen mit Heizkeil;
- Extrusionsschweißen;
- Heizelementschweißen: Stumpfschweißen, Sattelschweißen, Muffenschweißen, Schweißen mit Heizkeil;
- Heizwendelschweißen: Muffenschweißen, Sattelschweißen.
Essai des assemblages soudés sur produits semi-finis en thermoplastiques - Partie 5 : Examen macroscopique
Le présent document spécifie la méthode de découpage et de préparation des éprouvettes, ainsi que les conditions pour effectuer l’examen macroscopique sur ces éprouvettes.
L’essai est applicable à des assemblages soudés de matières thermoplastiques chargées ou non chargées, en utilisant les procédés suivants :
— soudage au gaz chaud : buse ronde, buse rapide, coin chauffant ;
— soudage par extrusion ;
— soudage par élément chauffant : bout à bout, selle de raccordement, emboîture, coin chauffant ;
— soudage par électrofusion : emboîture, selle de raccordement.
Preskušanje zvarjenih spojev plastomernih polizdelkov - 5. del: Makroskopska preiskava
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN 12814-5:2025 - "Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 5: Macroscopic examination" is a CEN standard that specifies how to cut, prepare and perform a macroscopic examination of welded thermoplastic test specimens. The document applies to welded assemblies made from filled or unfilled thermoplastics produced by common joining methods: hot gas welding (round nozzle, high-speed nozzle, wedge), extrusion welding, heated tool welding (butt, saddle, socket, wedge) and electrofusion welding (socket, saddle). The standard replaces EN 12814-5:2000 and defines practical requirements for specimen orientation, surface preparation, examination conditions and reporting.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope of test: Applies to transverse and other oriented sections that reveal weld material and adjacent melt zones.
- Specimen cutting: Location, orientation and number of sections should follow relevant agreements or referenced quality standards.
- Surface preparation: Produce a smooth examination surface by planing or polishing; if polishing is used, progressively finer abrasives up to at least grade 1000 (e.g., 180–320–600–1000). Processes must not alter the welded zone.
- Surface finish & treatment: Options include heating (hot air, radiant heat) or etching to highlight weld zones and imperfections. Etchants for thermoplastics can be toxic - etching requires trained personnel and safety controls.
- Examination conditions: Macroscopic inspection by naked eye or low magnification (recommended magnification between 1 and 10). The test reveals features such as cracks, cavities, inclusions, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration, imperfect shape and melt zone characteristics (see Table 1 of the standard for guidance).
- Reporting requirements: Test report must reference EN 12814-5:2025 and include specimen identification, surface finish, any treatment applied (heat or etchant and conditions), purpose of test, joint type, magnification used, results and responsible signatory.
Applications
- Quality control of welded thermoplastic components and assemblies.
- Manufacturing inspection for piping, tanks, liners and semi-finished thermoplastic products where welded joints are critical.
- Failure analysis and R&D to identify macroscopic weld imperfections before mechanical testing.
- Certification and compliance activities where documented macroscopic assessment is required.
Who should use this standard
- Welding and fabrication shops working with thermoplastics
- Materials testing laboratories and inspection bodies
- Quality assurance engineers and NDT/Macroscopic examiners
- Designers and specifiers of thermoplastic welded assemblies
Related standards
- EN 14728 - Imperfections in thermoplastic welds (classification)
- EN 16296 - Imperfections in thermoplastics welded joints - Quality levels
Using EN 12814-5:2025 helps ensure consistent, repeatable macroscopic examination and clear documentation for welded thermoplastic joints, supporting robust quality assurance and traceable inspection outcomes.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 12814-5:2025 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 5: Macroscopic examination". This standard covers: This document specifies the cutting and preparation of test specimens and the conditions for performing the macroscopic examination of the test specimens. The test is applicable to welded assemblies made from thermoplastics materials filled or unfilled, using the following processes: — hot gas welding: round nozzle, high speed nozzle, wedge; — extrusion welding; — heated tool welding: butt, saddle, socket, wedge; — electrofusion welding: socket, saddle.
This document specifies the cutting and preparation of test specimens and the conditions for performing the macroscopic examination of the test specimens. The test is applicable to welded assemblies made from thermoplastics materials filled or unfilled, using the following processes: — hot gas welding: round nozzle, high speed nozzle, wedge; — extrusion welding; — heated tool welding: butt, saddle, socket, wedge; — electrofusion welding: socket, saddle.
EN 12814-5:2025 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.160.40 - Welded joints and welds. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 12814-5:2025 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 12814-5:2000. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase EN 12814-5:2025 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2026
Preskušanje zvarjenih spojev plastomernih polizdelkov - 5. del: Makroskopska
preiskava
Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished products - Part 5: Macroscopic
examination
Prüfen von Schweißverbindungen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen - Teil 5:
Makroskopische Untersuchung
Essai des assemblages soudés sur produits semi-finis en thermoplastiques - Partie 5 :
Examen macroscopique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12814-5:2025
ICS:
25.160.40 Varjeni spoji in vari Welded joints and welds
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 12814-5
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2025
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.160.40 Supersedes EN 12814-5:2000
English Version
Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics semi-finished
products - Part 5: Macroscopic examination
Essai des assemblages soudés sur produits semi-finis Prüfen von Schweißverbindungen aus
en thermoplastiques - Partie 5 : Examen thermoplastischen Kunststoffen - Teil 5:
macroscopique Makroskopische Untersuchung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 October 2025.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12814-5:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Principle of the test . 4
5 Purpose of the test . 4
6 Cutting of test specimens . 5
7 Test procedure . 5
7.1 General. 5
7.2 Test specimen preparation . 5
7.3 Surface finish . 6
8 Examination . 6
9 Test report . 6
Bibliography . 7
European foreword
This document (EN 12814-5:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”,
the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2026, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2026.
Attention
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