EN 17146:2018
(Main)Determination of the strength of infill supports - Test method and requirements
Determination of the strength of infill supports - Test method and requirements
This document specifies test methods for the determination of the bearing capacity (ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state) of infill support which cannot be calculated in accordance with current codes or conventional calculations based upon the strength of the materials or to compare the calculation when necessary.
Three different types of infill (glass) supports are dealt in this standard:
- The cantilever infill (glass) supports, see Figure 1 (a);
- The cruciform infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion, see Figure 1 (b);
- Corner infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion, see Figure 1 (c).
The test method is intended for the assessment of cantilever infill (glass) supports that have not been tested according to EN 16758 (see Figure 9). The results of the test method can only be interpreted when incorporated with the results from a test in accordance with EN 16758.
It is essential that cruciform and corner infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion are tested in accordance with this standard.
The infill (glass) supports connected to the mullion and the transom together are considered as a part of sheared connection and are covered by EN 16758.
Where the mechanical performances of the infill (glass) support is already assessed in accordance with the provisions described in EN 13830, additional information with respect to mechanical performance of the infill (glass) support and direct applications can be determined with this standard.
Bestimmung der Festigkeit von Auflagern für Ausfachungen - Prüfverfahren und Anforderungen
Dieses Dokument legt Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Tragfähigkeit (Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit und Grenzzustand der Gebrauchstauglichkeit) von Auflagern für Ausfachungen fest, die nicht nach geltenden Codes oder herkömmlichen Berechnungen, die auf der Festigkeit der Werkstoffe basieren, berechnet werden können, oder zum Vergleich der Berechnung wenn notwendig.
In dieser Norm werden drei verschiedenen Arten von Auflagern für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager) behandelt:
- das auskragende Auflager für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager), siehe Bild 1 a);
- das kreuzförmige Auflager für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager), das nur am Zwischenpfosten befestigt ist, siehe Bild 1 b);
- das Eckauflager für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager), das nur am Zwischenpfosten befestigt ist, siehe Bild 1 c).
Das Prüfverfahren ist für die Beurteilung von auskragenden Auflagern für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager) vorgesehen, die nicht nach EN 16758 (siehe Bild 9) geprüft wurden. Die Ergebnisse diese Prüfverfahrens können nur in Verbindung mit Ergebnissen einer Prüfung nach EN 16758 interpretiert werden.
Es ist wesentlich, dass kreuzförmige Auflager für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager) und Eckauflager für Aus¬fachungen (Glasauflager), die nur am Zwischenpfosten befestigt sind nach dieser Norm geprüft werden.
Auflager für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager), die mit dem Zwischenpfosten und dem Riegel miteinander verbunden sind, werden als Teil einer auf Abscheren beanspruchte Verbindung und werden durch EN 16758 abgedeckt.
Wo die mechanischen Leistungen des Auflagers für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager) bereits nach den Vorgaben wie in EN 13830 beschrieben, bewertet werden, können zusätzliche Angaben zur mechanischen Leistung des Auflagers für Ausfachungen (Glasauflager) und zu den direkten Anwendungsbereichen nach dieser Norm bestimmt werden.
Détermination de la résistance des supports de vitrage (panneaux de remplissage) - Méthode d'essai et exigences
La présente Norme européenne spécifie des méthodes d'essai pour la détermination de la capacité portante (état limite ultime et état limite de service) d'un support de remplissage, qui ne peut pas être calculée selon les codes actuels ou les calculs conventionnels reposant sur la résistance du matériau ou pour comparer le calcul quand c'est nécessaire.
Trois types différents de supports de remplissage (verre) sont traités dans cette norme :
- Les supports de remplissage (verre)en porte-à-faux, voir la figure 1 (a);
- Les supports de remplissage (verre)en T seulement fixés au montant, voir Figure 1 (b);
- Les Supports de remplissage (verre)en angle uniquement fixés au montant, voir Figure 1 (c).
La méthode d'essai est destinée à l'évaluation des supports de remplissage (verre) en porte-à-faux qui n'ont pas été testé conformément à la norme EN 16758 (voir la figure 9). Les résultats de la méthode d'essai ne peuvent être interprétés que lorsque raccordé avec les résultats d'un essai conformément à l'EN 16758.
Il est essentiel que les supports en T et en angle (verre) uniquement fixés au meneau soient testés conformément à cette norme.
Les supports de remplissage (verre) fixés au montant et à la traverse sont considérés comme fixation partagée et sont couverts par EN 16758.
Lorsque les performances mécaniques du support de remplissage (verre) sont déjà évaluées conformément aux dispositions décrites dans l'EN 13830, des informations supplémentaires sur les performances mécaniques le support de remplissage (verre) et les applications directes peuvent être déterminés avec cette norme.
Ugotavljanje trdnosti podpore polnil - Preskusne metode in zahteve
Ta evropski standard določa preskusno metodo za ugotavljanje obremenitvene zmogljivosti (končno mejno stanje in uporabnostno mejno stanje) podpore polnil, ki je ni mogoče izračunati v skladu z veljavnim kodeksom ali konvencionalnim izračunom na podlagi trdnosti materialov.
Mehanska zmogljivost podpore polnil je ocenjena že med preskušanjem zastekljenih izdelkov ali polnil v povezavi z varnostjo uporabe. S tem standardom je mogoče določiti dodatne informacije glede mehanske zmogljivosti podpore polnil in neposredne uporabe.
General Information
Overview - EN 17146:2018 (Determination of the strength of infill supports)
EN 17146:2018 is a CEN standard that specifies test methods and requirements for determining the bearing capacity (both Ultimate Limit State - ULS and Serviceability Limit State - SLS) of glass infill supports where calculation by current codes or conventional material-strength methods is not possible or needs verification. The standard covers three support types: cantilever infill supports, cruciform infill supports fixed only to the mullion, and corner infill supports fixed only to the mullion.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope of testing
- Cantilever supports tested when EN 16758 data are not available; test results for cantilevers must be interpreted together with EN 16758 results.
- Cruciform and corner supports fixed only to the mullion must be tested under EN 17146.
- Infill supports connected to both mullion and transom fall under EN 16758 (sheared connections).
- Test specimens and instrumentation
- Samples must be representative of the design; frame profiles are blocked against rotation to minimize frame influence.
- Displacement transducers are placed at defined projection points (setting block ends or flange extremities).
- Preload of 100 N applied and transducers zeroed before testing.
- Loading procedures
- Minimum n = 5 samples per test series.
- Vertical loading to failure at a deformation speed of 5 mm/min; force–deformation curves recorded.
- Cruciform supports require both symmetrical and unsymmetrical loading sequences and derivation of maximum elastic deformation.
- Serviceability and ultimate design loads
- SLS and ULS design forces are derived using procedures in Annex A (SLS), Annex B (ULS), and Annexes C–D for cruciform specifics.
- For insulating glass units, SLS guidance limits glass-support deformation to avoid more than 1 mm displacement between panes and maintains a minimum distance g ≥ 25 mm unless manufacturer/system evidence exists.
- Creep testing for polymeric components
- Evaluates long-term effects under elevated temperatures using two temperature categories: TC1 = (60 ± 3) °C and TC2 = (80 ± 3) °C.
- TC1 recommended when the support contacts outdoor environment; TC2 for other situations.
- Creep tests: 5 specimens, conditioning, and sustained load equal to the SLS design load.
Applications - who uses EN 17146:2018
- Curtain wall and façade system designers validating non‑calculable infill support strength
- Glazing and hardware manufacturers developing or qualifying glass support components
- Accredited test laboratories performing mechanical performance testing on infill supports
- Structural engineers and façade consultants verifying SLS/ULS capacities where EN 16758/EN 13830 calculations are insufficient
- Regulatory and certification bodies assessing compliance for windows, partitions and façades
Related standards
- EN 16758 - sheared connections / related tests for mullion+transom connections
- EN 13830 - façade system performance (mechanical aspects)
- EN 12519, EN 13119 - terminology for windows, doors and curtain walling
Keywords: EN 17146:2018, infill supports test method, bearing capacity, cantilever infill, cruciform infill, corner infill, serviceability limit state, ultimate limit state, creep test, curtain wall testing.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 17146:2018 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Determination of the strength of infill supports - Test method and requirements". This standard covers: This document specifies test methods for the determination of the bearing capacity (ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state) of infill support which cannot be calculated in accordance with current codes or conventional calculations based upon the strength of the materials or to compare the calculation when necessary. Three different types of infill (glass) supports are dealt in this standard: - The cantilever infill (glass) supports, see Figure 1 (a); - The cruciform infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion, see Figure 1 (b); - Corner infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion, see Figure 1 (c). The test method is intended for the assessment of cantilever infill (glass) supports that have not been tested according to EN 16758 (see Figure 9). The results of the test method can only be interpreted when incorporated with the results from a test in accordance with EN 16758. It is essential that cruciform and corner infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion are tested in accordance with this standard. The infill (glass) supports connected to the mullion and the transom together are considered as a part of sheared connection and are covered by EN 16758. Where the mechanical performances of the infill (glass) support is already assessed in accordance with the provisions described in EN 13830, additional information with respect to mechanical performance of the infill (glass) support and direct applications can be determined with this standard.
This document specifies test methods for the determination of the bearing capacity (ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state) of infill support which cannot be calculated in accordance with current codes or conventional calculations based upon the strength of the materials or to compare the calculation when necessary. Three different types of infill (glass) supports are dealt in this standard: - The cantilever infill (glass) supports, see Figure 1 (a); - The cruciform infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion, see Figure 1 (b); - Corner infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion, see Figure 1 (c). The test method is intended for the assessment of cantilever infill (glass) supports that have not been tested according to EN 16758 (see Figure 9). The results of the test method can only be interpreted when incorporated with the results from a test in accordance with EN 16758. It is essential that cruciform and corner infill (glass) supports only fixed to the mullion are tested in accordance with this standard. The infill (glass) supports connected to the mullion and the transom together are considered as a part of sheared connection and are covered by EN 16758. Where the mechanical performances of the infill (glass) support is already assessed in accordance with the provisions described in EN 13830, additional information with respect to mechanical performance of the infill (glass) support and direct applications can be determined with this standard.
EN 17146:2018 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.060.10 - Walls. Partitions. Facades. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Ugotavljanje trdnosti podpore polnil - Preskusne metode in zahteveBestimmung der Festigkeit von Auflagern für Ausfachungen - Prüfverfahren und AnforderungenDétermination de la résistance des supports de vitrage (panneaux de remplissage) - Méthode d'essai et exigencesDetermination of the strength of infill supports - Test method and requirements91.060.10Stene. Predelne stene. FasadeWalls. Partitions. FacadesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 17146:2018SIST EN 17146:2019en,fr,de01-marec-2019SIST EN 17146:2019SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 17146
December
t r s z ICS
{ sä r x rä s r English Version
Determination of the strength of infill supports æ Test method and requirements Détermination de la résistance des supports de vitrage exigences
Bestimmung der Festigkeit von Auflagern für Ausfachungen æ Prüfverfahren und Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on
w November
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s y s v xã t r s z ESIST EN 17146:2019
Determination of the design load of an infill support – Serviceability limit state . 12 Annex B (normative)
Determination of the design loading of an infill support - Ultimate limit state . 16 Annex C (informative)
Determination of the design loading of a cruciform infill support
Serviceability limit state . 17 C.1 Analyse of the loadings . 17 C.2 Characterization of the bearing capacity of the cruciform infill support at SLS . 19 Annex D (informative)
Determination of the design loading of a cruciform infill support
Ultimate limit state . 23 D.1 General . 23 D.2 Analyse of the loadings . 23 Bibliography . 24 SIST EN 17146:2019
Ãv,c Vertical deformation after creep test [mm]
Ãv,i Initial vertical deformation [mm] cw: Elasticity constant [N/mm2] d thickness of the internal infill gasket D deformation [mm] DT transducer e
and the transom, and the vertical plane containing the centre of gravity of the infill the manufacturer is willing to use F force [N] Fave,ela the maximum average elastic force corresponding to the maximum deformation of the elastic part of the graph (forces F, deformation )[N] fave,ela average of deflection infill support [mm] Fdes,l sx left design force for symmetrical loading with a deformation limited to a “x” value Fdes,l ux left design force for unsymmetrical loading with a deformation limited to a “x” value Fdes,r,sx Right design force for symmetrical loading with a deformation limited to a “x” value Fdes,r,ux Right design force for unsymmetrical loading with a deformation limited to a “x” value Fdes,s Design force at the service limit state Fdes,ss Design force in service limit state for symmetrical loading Fdes,su Design force in service limit state for unsymmetrical loading Fdes,u Ultimate limit state design force Fmax,s The maximum average elastic force for series of test Fmax,u5 Characteristic force resulting from de recorded forces at break of a considered set of samples Fs,ave average forces from de recorded forces of a considered set of samples during a symmetric loading Fu5 the characteristic force giving 75 % confidence that 95 % of the test results will be higher than this value [N] Fv Vertical force Fv,des design vertical long term load [N] Fv,l Vertical force applied at the left part of a cruciform infill support Fv,l,s Vertical force applied at the left part of a cruciform infill support corresponding to the elastic deformation limit of the infill support SIST EN 17146:2019
the contact area of the internal infill gasket and the frame profile (mullion or transom) u partial factor for the infill support applicable to rupture max,s Maximum elastic deformation resulting from the analyse of the curves recorded during the symmetric loading ß statistical eccentricity of 5 % with 75 % confidence Subscript
l left r right SIST EN 17146:2019
a) Cantilever infill (glass) support
b) Corner infill (glass) support SIST EN 17146:2019
c) Cruciform infill support Key
sample restraints
I infill support stiffener
II infill support flange
A infill (glass) support
B frame profile (mullion)
C infill (glass)
Figure 1 —Schematic examples of application of vertical load (Fv) Vertical load (Fv) should be applied to the glass support in the way the permanent vertical load is applied in practice. In case the infill is an insulating glass unit, to establish the serviceability limit state (Annex A), in absence of evidence from the glass manufacturer or the system designer, it is advised to limit the deformation of the glass support in order to obtain a maximum displacement of 1 mm between two consecutive glass panes and the distance “g” should not be less than 25 mm. The samples are built according to Figure 1 for which the following apply:
For the cantilever infill support — p: maximum thickness of the infill panel, also measurement reference points for the infill support deflection; — the length of the frame profile “r” should not be less than the length of the glass support “L” + 20mm. — the transducers DT1, DT2 are normally placed at the orthogonal projection of the end of the width of setting blocks. SIST EN 17146:2019
For the corner/cruciform infill support — “i”, the maximum distance between the longitudinal axis of the mullion and the infill setting block; — “k”, the maximum length of the setting block; — the total height of the mullion of the sample is not less than height of the cruciform ht + 2 x 25mm; — the transducers DT2, DT4 are normally placed at the projected ends of the setting blocks except if contact between the extremity of the horizontal flange of the glass support and the infill is can be expected during the test. In the case, the transducers DT2, DT4 shall be placed at extremity of the flange(s) l, ll, and lr; — the transducer DT1, DT3 are normally placed at the projected ends of the nearest of the mullion setting blocks extremity. 5.3 Loadings 5.3.1 General 5.3.1.1 Preload
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The article discusses EN 17146:2018, which is a standard that specifies test methods for determining the strength of infill supports. These supports cannot be calculated using current codes or conventional calculations based on material strength. The standard covers three types of infill supports: cantilever, cruciform, and corner supports. It is important to test cruciform and corner supports in accordance with this standard. The test method is intended for assessing cantilever supports that have not been tested according to EN 16758. The results of the test method should be interpreted in conjunction with results from a test conducted according to EN 16758. Additionally, if the mechanical performance of the infill support has already been assessed in accordance with EN 13830, this standard can provide additional information and applications for the support.
The article discusses the test methods and requirements for determining the strength of infill supports. It focuses on three types of infill (glass) supports: cantilever infill supports, cruciform infill supports fixed to the mullion, and corner infill supports fixed to the mullion. The test method specified in the article is intended for assessing cantilever infill supports that have not been tested according to a previous standard. Cruciform and corner infill supports fixed to the mullion must be tested according to this standard. The article also mentions that if the mechanical performance of the infill support has already been assessed according to a different standard, this standard can provide additional information and applications for the support.
記事のタイトル：EN 17146：2018-充填支持物の強度の決定-試験方法と要件 記事の内容：この文書は、現行の規格や材料の強度に基づく従来の計算では計算できないか、必要に応じて比較することができない充填支持物の耐荷能力（極限限界状態およびサービス性能限界状態）の決定のための試験方法を規定しています。 この規格では、次の3つの異なるタイプの充填（ガラス）支持物が扱われています： - カンチレバー充填（ガラス）支持物、図1(a)を参照； - 十字形充填（ガラス）支持物は、ミュリオンにのみ固定されています、図1(b)を参照； - コーナー充填（ガラス）支持物は、ミュリオンにのみ固定されています、図1(c)を参照。 この試験方法は、EN 16758によって試験されていないカンチレバー充填（ガラス）支持物の評価を目的としています。試験方法の結果は、EN 16758による試験結果と組み合わせて解釈する必要があります。 十字形およびコーナー充填（ガラス）支持物は、この規格に従って試験する必要があります。 ミュリオンおよびトランサムと接続された充填（ガラス）支持物はせん断接続の一部と見なされ、EN 16758でカバーされています。 充填（ガラス）支持物の機械的性能がEN 13830に準拠して既に評価されている場合、この規格により追加情報と直接の適用が決定されます。
기사 제목: EN 17146:2018 - 충진 지지물의 강도 결정 - 시험 방법과 요구 사항 기사 내용: 이 문서는 현재 코드나 재료 강도에 기초한 일반적인 계산에 따라 계산할 수 없거나 필요한 경우에만 비교하는 것이 불가능한 충진 지지물의 하중 수용능력(극한상태 및 서비스능력상태)의 결정에 대한 시험 방법을 규정합니다. 이 표준은 세 가지 다른 유형의 충진(유리) 지지물에 대해 다루고 있습니다: - 큰지지(유리) 지지물, 그림 1(a) 참조; - 십자관(유리) 지지물은 세운에만 고정되어 있습니다, 그림 1(b) 참조; - 모서리 충진(유리) 지지물은 세운에만 고정되어 있습니다, 그림 1(c) 참조. 이 시험 방법은 EN 16758에 따라 시험되지 않은 큰지지(유리) 지지물의 평가를 위해 개발되었습니다. 시험 방법의 결과는 EN 16758에 따라 시험 결과와 결합하여 해석될 수 있습니다. 십자관 및 모서리 충진(유리) 지지물은 반드시 이 표준에 따라 시험되어야 합니다. 세운과 역축에 연결된 충진(유리) 지지물은 추력연결의 일부로 간주되며 EN 16758에 의해 다루어집니다. 충진(유리) 지지물의 기계적 성능이 이미 EN 13830에서 평가되어 있는 경우, 이 표준을 통해 추가 정보와 직접 적용을 결정할 수 있습니다.
記事タイトル：EN 17146:2018 - インフィルサポートの強度の決定-試験方法と要件 記事内容：この文書では、現行のコードや材料の強度に基づいた従来の計算では計算できず、必要な場合に計算を比較することができないインフィルサポートの耐荷力（最終限界状態および使用可能限界状態）の決定のための試験方法を指定しています。 この標準では、以下の3種類のインフィル（ガラス）サポートに対応しています： - カンチレバーインフィル（ガラス）サポート、図1（a）を参照 - 十字架形状のインフィル（ガラス）サポートはミューリオンにのみ固定されている、図1（b）を参照 - コーナーインフィル（ガラス）サポートはミューリオンにのみ固定されている、図1（c）を参照 この試験方法は、EN 16758による試験を受けていないカンチレバーインフィル（ガラス）サポートの評価を目的としています。試験方法の結果は、EN 16758による試験結果と組み合わせて解釈する必要があります。 また、十字架およびコーナーインフィル（ガラス）サポートは、この標準に従って必ず試験する必要があります。 ミューリオンとトランサムに接続されたインフィル（ガラス）サポートは、剪断接続の一部と見なされ、EN 16758によってカバーされています。 インフィル（ガラス）サポートの機械的性能がすでにEN 13830に準拠して評価されている場合、この標準によってインフィル（ガラス）サポートの機械的性能や直接的な応用に関する追加情報を得ることができます。
기사 제목: EN 17146:2018 - 인피오 서포트 강도 결정 - 시험 방법과 요구 사항 기사 내용: 이 문서는 현재 코드나 재료 강도에 기반한 전통적인 계산으로 계산할 수 없거나 필요한 경우에 계산을 비교하기 위해 계산할 수 없는 인피오 서포트의 하중용량(최종 한계 상태 및 서비스 가능한 한계 상태)을 결정하기 위한 시험 방법을 명시한다. 이 표준에서는 다음과 같은 세 가지 유형의 인피오(유리) 서포트를 취급한다: - 돘뚜리형 인피오(유리) 서포트, 그림 1(a) 참조; - 십자형 인피오(유리) 서포트는 오직 상횡에 고정되어 있다, 그림 1(b) 참조; - 모서리 인피오(유리) 서포트는 오직 상횡에 고정되어 있다, 그림 1(c) 참조. 시험 방법은 EN 16758에 따라 시험된 적이 없는 돘뚜리형 인피오(유리) 서포트의 평가를 위한 것이다. 시험 방법의 결과는 EN 16758에 따라 시험 결과와 함께 해석될 수 있다. 십자형 및 모서리 인피오(유리) 서포트는 이 표준에 따라 반드시 시험되어야 한다. 인피오(유리) 서포트는 드물리고 횡과 전체적으로 연결된 경우는 시험결과는 EN 16758에 의해 다루어진 내접 연결의 일부로 간주된다. 인피오(유리) 서포트의 기계적 성능이 이미 EN 13830에 설명된 규정에 따라 평가된 경우, 이 표준을 통해 인피오(유리) 서포트의 기계적 성능과 직접적인 응용에 대한 추가 정보를 결정할 수 있다.
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