EN ISO 22940:2021
(Main)Solid recovered fuels - Determination of elemental composition by X-ray fluorescence (ISO 22940:2021)
Solid recovered fuels - Determination of elemental composition by X-ray fluorescence (ISO 22940:2021)
This document specifies the procedure for a determination of major and minor element concentrations in solid recovered fuel material by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry or wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometry using a calibration with solid recovered fuel reference materials or solid recovered fuel samples with known content. A semiquantitative determination can be carried out using matrix independent standards.
This document is applicable to the following elements: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Mo, Cd, Sb, Sn, Tl and Pb. Concentration levels between approximately 0,000 1 % and 100 % can be determined depending on the element, the calibration materials used and the instrument used.
NOTE X-ray fluorescence spectrometry can be used as a fast method for a qualitative overview of elements and impurities and after suitable calibration it is very useful for determining major elements or even minor elements (except Hg) in order to quickly identify increased concentrations of minor elements in solid recovered fuels (SRF), for example during SRF-production.
Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe - Bestimmung der Elementzusammensetzung durch Röntgenfluoreszenz (ISO 22940:2021)
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Konzentrationen von Haupt- und Nebenelementen in Material von festen Sekundärbrennstoffen durch energiedispersive Röntgenfluoreszenz-Spektrometrie oder wellenlängendispersive Röntgenfluoreszenz-Spektrometrie unter Anwendung einer Kalibrierung mit Referenzmaterialien für feste Sekundärbrennstoffe oder Proben von festen Sekundärbrennstoffen mit bekanntem Gehalt fest. Eine semiquantitative Bestimmung kann unter Verwendung matrixunabhängiger Standards durchgeführt werden.
Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar auf die folgenden Elemente: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Mo, Cd, Sb, Tl und Pb. In Abhängigkeit von dem Element, den verwendeten Kalibriermaterialien und dem verwendeten Gerät können Konzentrationsniveaus zwischen etwa 0,000 1 % und 100 % bestimmt werden.
ANMERKUNG Die Röntgenfluoreszenz-Spektrometrie kann als ein schnelles Verfahren für einen qualitativen Überblick über Elemente und Verunreinigungen angewendet werden und ist nach einer geeigneten Kalibrierung sehr nützlich für die Bestimmung von Hauptelementen oder sogar Nebenelementen (außer Hg), um schnell erhöhte Konzentrationen von Nebenelementen in festen Sekundärbrennstoffen (SRF, en: solid recovered fuels) zu identifizieren, zum Beispiel während der SRF-Produktion.
Combustibles solides de recupération - Détermination de la composition élémentaire par fluorescence de rayons X (ISO 22940:2021)
Le présent document spécifie la méthode de détermination des concentrations d'éléments majeurs et mineurs dans un matériau de combustible solide de récupération par spectrométrie de fluorescence X à dispersion d'énergie (EDXRF) ou par spectrométrie de fluorescence X à dispersion de longueur d'onde (WDXRF) à partir d'un étalonnage avec des matériaux de référence ou des échantillons de combustibles solides de récupération dont la teneur est connue. Une détermination semi-quantitative peut être effectuée en utilisant des étalons ne dépendant pas de la matrice.
Le présent document s'applique aux éléments suivants: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Mo, Cd, Sb, Sn, Tl et Pb. Il est possible de déterminer des niveaux de concentration de l'ordre de 0,000 1 % et 100 % en fonction de l'élément, des matériaux d'étalonnage employés et du spectromètre utilisé.
NOTE La spectrométrie de fluorescence X peut être utilisée pour obtenir rapidement une vue générale qualitative des éléments et impuretés et, après un étalonnage approprié, se révèle très utile pour déterminer les éléments majeurs ou même les éléments mineurs (sauf le Hg) afin d'identifier rapidement les concentrations accrues d'éléments mineurs dans les combustibles solides de récupération (CRF) (par exemple, lors de la production de CSR).
Trdna alternativna goriva - Določevanje elementne sestave z rentgensko fluorescenco (ISO 22940:2021)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2021
Trdna alternativna goriva - Določevanje elementne sestave z rentgensko
fluorescenco (ISO 22940:2021)
Solid recovered fuels - Determination of elemental composition by X-ray fluorescence
(ISO 22940:2021)
Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe - Bestimmung der Elementzusammensetzung durch
Röntgenfluoreszenz (ISO 22940:2021)
Combustibles solides de recupération - Détermination de la composition élémentaire par
fluorescence de rayons X (ISO 22940:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 22940:2021
ICS:
75.160.10 Trda goriva Solid fuels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 22940
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.160.10
English Version
Solid recovered fuels - Determination of elemental
composition by X-ray fluorescence (ISO 22940:2021)
Combustibles solides de recupération - Détermination Feste Sekundärbrennstoffe - Bestimmung der
de la composition élémentaire par fluorescence de Elementzusammensetzung durch Röntgenfluoreszenz
rayons X (ISO 22940:2021) (ISO 22940:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 August 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 22940:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 22940:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 300 "Solid
recovered materials, including solid recovered fuels" in collaboration with Technical Committee
CEN/TC 343 “Solid Recovered Fuels” the secretariat of which is held by SFS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN websites.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 22940:2021 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 22940:2021 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22940
First edition
2021-08
Solid recovered fuels — Determination
of elemental composition by X-ray
fluorescence
Combustibles solides de récupération — Détermination de la
composition élémentaire par fluorescence de rayons X
Reference number
ISO 22940:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021
ISO 22940:2021(E)
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
ISO 22940:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
4.1 Symbols . 3
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 4
5 Safety remarks . 4
6 Principle . 4
7 Apparatus . 4
8 Interferences and sources of error . 5
9 Sample preparation . 5
9.1 Preparation principles . 5
9.2 Drying of general analysis sample material . 5
9.3 Preparation of pressed pellet . 6
10 Procedure. 6
10.1 Analytical measurement conditions . 6
10.1.1 Wavelength-dispersive instruments . 6
10.1.2 Energy-dispersive instruments . 7
10.1.3 Intensities and background corrections . 7
10.2 Calibration . 8
10.2.1 General. 8
10.2.2 General calibration procedure . 8
10.2.3 Calibration procedure using the pressed pellet method (recommended method) 9
10.3 Procedures for correcting matrix effects .10
10.3.1 General.10
10.3.2 Internal standard correction using Compton (incoherent) scattering method .10
10.3.3 Fundamental parameter approach .10
10.3.4 Fundamental or theoretical influence coefficient method .10
10.3.5 Empirical alpha correction . .11
10.4 Analysis of the samples .11
11 Quality control .12
11.1 Drift correction procedure .12
11.2 Reference materials and quality control samples .12
12 Calculation of the result .12
13 Performance characteristics .13
14 Test report .13
Annex A (informative) Publicly available solid recovered fuel reference materials .14
Annex B (informative) Validation .15
Bibliography .38
ISO 22940:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was dra
...
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