ASTM D8336-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Characterizing Tack of Prepregs Using a Continuous Application-and-Peel Procedure
Standard Test Method for Characterizing Tack of Prepregs Using a Continuous Application-and-Peel Procedure
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Characterizing tack for different prepreg materials, test parameters, surface combinations, and environmental conditions provides insight for optimizing process parameters (particularly deposition rate and deposition temperature) for industrial automated material placement processes.
5.2 Results obtained through employing the continuous application-and-peel method, as described in studies (1-3),3 reflect the effects of adhesion forming between prepreg layers or between prepreg and metal substrate, and loss of cohesion within the resin in the prepreg, upon tack. This test method allows the adhesive properties of B-staged resin to be explored in a manner relevant for dynamic material deposition processes, where timescales for bonding of prepreg to the substrate or previously placed prepreg layers are short prior to curing. In contrast, Test Methods D3167 and D1781 determine the peel resistance of adhesive bonds for adhesion measurement and process control of laminated or bonded adherends.
5.3 The test method is suitable to quantify tack of prepregs for acceptance and process control and can be extended to determine resin shelf life or to adjust process parameters to resin out-time. Direct comparison of different resins/prepreg or processes can only be made when specimen preparation and test conditions are identical.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of adhesion (tack) between partially cured (B-staged) composite prepreg and a substrate in a peel test, under specified conditions. The test may be conducted to measure tack between a flexible layer of prepreg and another prepreg layer bonded to a rigid substrate (Method I) or a rigid metal substrate (Method II). This test method is primarily geared towards material characterization for automated material layup but can be modified for use with other processes. It is well known that material tack is a function of multiple processing and environmental variables. Permissible composite prepreg materials include carbon, glass, and aramid fibers within a B-staged thermoset resin.
1.2 Measured tack is specified in terms of a peel force at a given specimen width.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8336 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Characterizing Tack of Prepregs Using a Continuous
1
Application-and-Peel Procedure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversmeasurementofadhesion(tack)
Sheet, and Strip
between partially cured (B-staged) composite prepreg and a
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
substrateinapeeltest,underspecifiedconditions.Thetestmay
D1781 Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel for Adhesives
be conducted to measure tack between a flexible layer of
D3167 Test Method for Floating Roller Peel Resistance of
prepreg and another prepreg layer bonded to a rigid substrate
Adhesives
(Method I) or a rigid metal substrate (Method II). This test
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
method is primarily geared towards material characterization
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
for automated material layup but can be modified for use with
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
otherprocesses.Itiswellknownthatmaterialtackisafunction
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
of multiple processing and environmental variables. Permis-
Lot or Process
sible composite prepreg materials include carbon, glass, and
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
aramid fibers within a B-staged thermoset resin.
ASTM Test Methods
1.2 Measured tack is specified in terms of a peel force at a
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
given specimen width.
3. Terminology
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
to composite materials. Terminology D883 defines terms
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
relating to plastics. Terminology E456 and Practice E177
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
define terms relating to statistics. In the event of a conflict
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have precedence
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
over the other documents.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1 A continuous application-and-peel method is employed
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
to quantify tack at given test conditions (such as temperature)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
between one B-staged prepreg layer and a second B-staged
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
prepreg layer which is bonded to a rigid substrate, or between
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
a B-staged prepreg specimen and a rigid substrate. During a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
test, a prepreg specimen laid up on a substrate with or without
another prepreg layer is fed through the test fixture continu-
2. Referenced Documents
ously (see Fig. 1). The compaction roller presses the prepreg
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
against the substrate (and against the peel roller) at a control-
lable force, bonding the prepreg to the substrate at a set
applicationrate.Simultaneously,theprepregispeeledfromthe
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
substrateatapeelratewhichisidenticaltotheapplicationrate.
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on
Data is collected over two phases where only the second phase
Constituent/Precursor Properties.
is related to adhesion. The peel force is determined from the
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2021. Published March 2021. DOI: 10.1520/
D8336-21.
difference in the average force between the two phases.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Measuring the peel force during a test gives a measure for the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
strengthofadhesionbetweenprepregandsubstrateatthegiven
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. peel
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D8336 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Characterizing Tack of Prepregs Using a Continuous
1
Application-and-Peel Procedure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
1.1 This test method covers measurement of adhesion (tack)
Sheet, and Strip
between partially cured (B-staged) composite prepreg and a
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
substrate in a peel test, under specified conditions. The test may
D1781 Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel for Adhesives
be conducted to measure tack between a flexible layer of
D3167 Test Method for Floating Roller Peel Resistance of
prepreg and another prepreg layer bonded to a rigid substrate
Adhesives
(Method I) or a rigid metal substrate (Method II). This test
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
method is primarily geared towards material characterization
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
for automated material layup but can be modified for use with
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With
other processes. It is well known that material tack is a function
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
of multiple processing and environmental variables. Permis-
Lot or Process
sible composite prepreg materials include carbon, glass, and
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
aramid fibers within a B-staged thermoset resin.
ASTM Test Methods
1.2 Measured tack is specified in terms of a peel force at a
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
given specimen width.
3. Terminology
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
to composite materials. Terminology D883 defines terms
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
relating to plastics. Terminology E456 and Practice E177
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
define terms relating to statistics. In the event of a conflict
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have precedence
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
over the other documents.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.1 A continuous application-and-peel method is employed
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
to quantify tack at given test conditions (such as temperature)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
between one B-staged prepreg layer and a second B-staged
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
prepreg layer which is bonded to a rigid substrate, or between
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
a B-staged prepreg specimen and a rigid substrate. During a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
test, a prepreg specimen laid up on a substrate with or without
another prepreg layer is fed through the test fixture continu-
2. Referenced Documents
ously (see Fig. 1). The compaction roller presses the prepreg
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
against the substrate (and against the peel roller) at a control-
lable force, bonding the prepreg to the substrate at a set
application rate. Simultaneously, the prepreg is peeled from the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
substrate at a peel rate which is identical to the application rate.
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.03 on
Data is collected over two phases where only the second phase
Constituent/Precursor Properties.
is related to adhesion. The peel force is determined from the
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2021. Published March 2021. DOI: 10.1520/
D8336-21.
difference in the average force between the two phases.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Measuring the peel force during a test gives a measure for the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
strength of adhesion between prepreg and substrate at the given
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. peel rate.
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...
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