Standard Test Method for Determination of Thermal Conductivity of Soil and Rock by Thermal Needle Probe Procedure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The thermal conductivity of intact soil specimens, reconstituted soil specimens, and rock specimens is used to analyze and design systems involving underground transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines, radioactive waste disposal, geothermal applications, and solar thermal storage facilities, among others. Measurements can be made on site (in situ), or samples can be tested in a lab environment.
Note 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method presents a procedure for determining the thermal conductivity (λ) of soil and rock using a transient heat method. This test method is applicable for both intact specimens of soil and rock and reconstituted soil specimens, and is effective in the lab and in the field. This test method is most suitable for homogeneous materials, but can also give a representative average value for non-homogeneous materials.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to dry, unsaturated or saturated materials that can sustain a hole for the sensor. It is valid over temperatures ranging from 100°C, depending on the suitability of the thermal needle probe construction to temperature extremes. However, care must be taken to prevent significant error from: (1) redistribution of water due to thermal gradients resulting from heating of the needle probe; (2) redistribution of water due to hydraulic gradients (gravity drainage for high degrees of saturation or surface evaporation); (3) phase change of water in specimens with temperatures near 0°C or 100°C.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurements are included in this standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.  
1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.
Note 1: This test method is also applicable and commonly used for determining thermal conductivity of a variety of engineered porous materials of geologic origin including concrete, Fluidized Thermal Backfill (FTB), and thermal grout.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Sep-2022
Technical Committee
Drafting Committee
Current Stage
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ASTM D5334-22ae1 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Thermal Conductivity of Soil and Rock by Thermal Needle Probe Procedure
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D5334 − 22a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Thermal Conductivity of Soil and Rock by
1
Thermal Needle Probe Procedure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5334; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected dry density units in October 2023.
1. Scope* commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope
of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical
1.1 This test method presents a procedure for determining
methods for engineering design.
the thermal conductivity (λ) of soil and rock using a transient
NOTE 1—This test method is also applicable and commonly used for
heat method. This test method is applicable for both intact
determining thermal conductivity of a variety of engineered porous
specimens of soil and rock and reconstituted soil specimens,
materials of geologic origin including concrete, Fluidized Thermal Back-
and is effective in the lab and in the field. This test method is
fill (FTB), and thermal grout.
most suitable for homogeneous materials, but can also give a
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
representative average value for non-homogeneous materials.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 This test method is applicable to dry, unsaturated or
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
saturated materials that can sustain a hole for the sensor. It is
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
valid over temperatures ranging from <0 to >100°C, depending
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
on the suitability of the thermal needle probe construction to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
temperature extremes. However, care must be taken to prevent
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
significant error from: (1) redistribution of water due to thermal
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
gradients resulting from heating of the needle probe; (2)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
redistribution of water due to hydraulic gradients (gravity
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
drainage for high degrees of saturation or surface evaporation);
(3) phase change of water in specimens with temperatures near
2. Referenced Documents
0°C or 100°C.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
as the standard. No other units of measurements are included in
Fluids
this standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water
shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
Practice D6026.
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Bal-
recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the
ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
Construction Materials Testing
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits and Data Re-
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
cords in Geotechnical Data
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
3. Terminology
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of common technical terms
used in this standard, refer to Terminology D653.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
2
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1992. Last previous editi
...

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