ASTM A867-19
(Specification)Standard Specification for Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
Standard Specification for Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
ABSTRACT
This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si) relay steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electromechanical devices, such as relays and solenoids, requiring higher electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity and residual magnetism than provided by either carbon steels or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. Available forms and conditions are forging billet, hot-rolled product, cold-finished bars, strip, and wire. These steels are not the same as the flat-rolled non-oriented or grain oriented iron-silicon electrical steels covered by ASTM Specifications A 677, A 683 and A 876. The steels covered in this specification have nominal silicon contents of 1.1, 2.3 and 4.0 % Si. Both the 1.1 and 2.3 % Si types are also available in an enhanced machinability composition. Along with chemical composition, steels produced to this specification must meet a specified maximum value of coercive field strength when heat treated according to this specification. Appendices are given containing typical magnetic, physical and mechanical properties and heat treatment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si) steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electromechanical devices, such as relays and solenoids, requiring higher electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity and residual magnetism than provided by either carbon steels or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. The steels covered in this specification are:
Steel Type
Nominal Composition
1
1.1 % Si-Fe
1F
1.1 % Si-Fe free machining
2
2.3 % Si-Fe
2F
2.3 % Si-Fe free machining
3
4.0 % Si-Fe
1.2 This specification covers steels in the form and condition required for fabrication into parts. The fabricated parts typically require a final heat treatment to obtain the desired magnetic performance. The term mill annealed as used in this specification applies to a heat treatment, typically applied by the producer, intended to improve formability. The mill anneal does not provide the optimum magnetic performance and is not intended to replace the need for the finish annealing of parts.
1.3 This specification covers steels in the form of forging billets, hot-rolled bar and strip, cold-finished bar, wire, and cold-rolled strip in thicknesses up to 6.35 mm (0.250 in.).
1.4 This specification does not cover electrical sheet steels used in transformer and motor laminations. Please refer to Specifications A677, A683, A726, A876, and A1086 for standards pertaining to these material types.
1.5 This specification does not cover powder metallurgy materials capable of being processed into magnetic core components having similar silicon contents.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6.1 There are selected values presented in two units, both of which are in acceptable SI units. These are differentiated by the word “or,” as in “μΩ-cm, or, Ω-m.”
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A867 −19
Standard Specification for
1
Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A867; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.6.1 There are selected values presented in two units, both
of which are in acceptable SI units.These are differentiated by
1.1 This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si)
the word “or,” as in “µΩ-cm, or,Ω-m.”
steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electrome-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
chanicaldevices,suchasrelaysandsolenoids,requiringhigher
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and residual magnetism than provided by either carbon steels
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. The steels covered in this
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specification are:
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
Steel Type Nominal Composition
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1 1.1 % Si-Fe
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1F 1.1 % Si-Fe free machining
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2 2.3 % Si-Fe
2F 2.3 % Si-Fe free machining
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3 4.0 % Si-Fe
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 This specification covers steels in the form and condi-
tion required for fabrication into parts. The fabricated parts
2. Referenced Documents
typically require a final heat treatment to obtain the desired
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
magnetic performance. The term mill annealed as used in this
A34/A34MPractice for Sampling and Procurement Testing
specification applies to a heat treatment, typically applied by
of Magnetic Materials
the producer, intended to improve formability.The mill anneal
A341/A341MTest Method for Direct Current Magnetic
doesnotprovidetheoptimummagneticperformanceandisnot
Properties of Soft Magnetic Materials Using D-C Per-
intended to replace the need for the finish annealing of parts.
meametersandthePointbyPoint(Ballistic)TestMethods
1.3 This specification covers steels in the form of forging
A596/A596MTest Method for Direct-Current Magnetic
billets, hot-rolled bar and strip, cold-finished bar, wire, and
Properties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method and
cold-rolled strip in thicknesses up to 6.35 mm (0.250 in.).
Ring Specimens
A677Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully
1.4 This specification does not cover electrical sheet steels
Processed Types
used in transformer and motor laminations. Please refer to
A683Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel, Semi-
Specifications A677, A683, A726, A876, and A1086 for
processed Types
standards pertaining to these material types.
A726Specification for Cold-Rolled Magnetic Lamination
1.5 This specification does not cover powder metallurgy
Quality Steel, Semiprocessed Types
materials capable of being processed into magnetic core
A773/A773MTest Method for Direct Current Magnetic
components having similar silicon contents.
Properties of Low Coercivity Magnetic Materials Using
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Hysteresigraphs
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
A876Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-
conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units
Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
whichareprovidedforinformationonlyandarenotconsidered
A1086Specification for Thin-Gauge Nonoriented Electrical
standard.
Steel Fully Processed Types
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on
2
Material Specifications. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019. Published August 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A867–03 (2013). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0867-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A867 − 03 (Reapproved 2013) A867 − 19
Standard Specification for
1
Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A867; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si) steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electromechanical
devices, such as relays and solenoids, requiring higher electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity and residual
magnetism than provided by either carbon steels or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. The steels covered in this specification are:
Steel Type Nominal Composition
1 1.1 % Si-Fe
1F 1.1 % Si-Fe free machining
2 2.3 % Si-Fe
2F 2.3 % Si-Fe free machining
3 4.0 % Si-Fe
1.2 This specification covers steels in the form and condition required for fabrication into parts. The fabricated parts typically
require a final heat treatment to obtain the desired magnetic performance. The term mill annealed as used in this specification
applies to a heat treatment, typically applied by the producer, intended to improve formability. The mill anneal does not provide
the optimum magnetic performance and is not intended to replace the need for the finish annealing of parts.
1.3 This specification covers steels in the form of forging billets, hot-rolled bar and strip, cold-finished bar, wire, and cold-rolled
strip in thicknesses up to 0.250 in. (6.35 mm).6.35 mm (0.250 in.).
1.4 This specification does not cover electrical sheet steels used in transformer and motor laminations. Please refer to
Specifications A677, A683, A726, A876, and A1086 for standards pertaining to these material types.
1.5 This specification does not cover powder metallurgy materials capable of being processed into magnetic core components
having similar silicon contents.
1.6 The values stated in inch-poundSI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units thatcustomary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
1.6.1 There are selected values presented in two units, both of which are in acceptable SI units. These are differentiated by the
word “or,” as in “μΩ-cm, or, Ω-m.”
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic Materials
A341/A341M Test Method for Direct Current Magnetic Properties of Soft Magnetic Materials Using D-C Permeameters and the
Point by Point (Ballistic) Test Methods
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on Material
Specifications.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Aug. 1, 2019. Published July 2013August 2019. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
A867A867 – 03 (2013).–03 (2008). DOI: 10.1520/A0867-03R13.10.1520/A0867-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A867 − 19
A596/A596M Test Method for Direct-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method and Ring Specimens
A677 Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully Processed Types
A683 Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel, Semiprocessed Types
A726 Specification for Cold-Rolled Magnetic Lam
...
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