ASTM A867-19

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of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A867 − 03 (Reapproved 2013) A867 − 19
Standard Specification for
Iron-Silicon Relay Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A867; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si) steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electromechanical
devices, such as relays and solenoids, requiring higher electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity and residual
magnetism than provided by either carbon steels or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. The steels covered in this specification are:
Steel Type Nominal Composition
1 1.1 % Si-Fe
1F 1.1 % Si-Fe free machining
2 2.3 % Si-Fe
2F 2.3 % Si-Fe free machining
3 4.0 % Si-Fe
1.2 This specification covers steels in the form and condition required for fabrication into parts. The fabricated parts typically
require a final heat treatment to obtain the desired magnetic performance. The term mill annealed as used in this specification
applies to a heat treatment, typically applied by the producer, intended to improve formability. The mill anneal does not provide
the optimum magnetic performance and is not intended to replace the need for the finish annealing of parts.
1.3 This specification covers steels in the form of forging billets, hot-rolled bar and strip, cold-finished bar, wire, and cold-rolled
strip in thicknesses up to 0.250 in. (6.35 mm).6.35 mm (0.250 in.).
1.4 This specification does not cover electrical sheet steels used in transformer and motor laminations. Please refer to
Specifications A677, A683, A726, A876, and A1086 for standards pertaining to these material types.
1.5 This specification does not cover powder metallurgy materials capable of being processed into magnetic core components
having similar silicon contents.
1.6 The values stated in inch-poundSI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units thatcustomary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
1.6.1 There are selected values presented in two units, both of which are in acceptable SI units. These are differentiated by the
word “or,” as in “μΩ-cm, or, Ω-m.”
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic Materials
A341/A341M Test Method for Direct Current Magnetic Properties of Soft Magnetic Materials Using D-C Permeameters and the
Point by Point (Ballistic) Test Methods
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on Material
Specifications.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Aug. 1, 2019. Published July 2013August 2019. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
A867A867 – 03 (2013).–03 (2008). DOI: 10.1520/A0867-03R13.10.1520/A0867-19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A867 − 19
A596/A596M Test Method for Direct-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method and Ring Specimens
A677 Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully Processed Types
A683 Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel, Semiprocessed Types
A726 Specification for Cold-Rolled Magnetic Lamination Quality Steel, Semiprocessed Types
A773/A773M Test Method for Direct Current Magnetic Properties of Low Coercivity Magnetic Materials Using Hysteresig-
raphs
A876 Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
A1086 Specification for Thin-Gauge Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully Processed Types
2.2 International Electrotechnical Commission Standard:
IEC 60404-7 Magnetic materials. Part 7: Method of measurement of the coercivity of magnetic materials in an open magnetic
circuit
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders to this specification shall include as much of the following information as is required to describe the desired steel:
3.1.1 ASTM Specification number and steel type,
3.1.2 Dimensions and tolerances. The tolerances are to be mutually agreed upon between the consumeruser and the producer,
3.1.3 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
3.1.4 Form and condition,
3.1.5 Magnetic property requirements if they are otherwise than stated herein,
3.1.6 Certification of chemical analysis or magnetic property evaluation, or both,
3.1.7 Marking and packaging,
3.1.8 End Use—Whenever possible the consumeruser should specify whether the product will be machined, blanked into flat
pieces, blanked and formed, or deep drawn to shape. This information will help the producer provide the most suitable product
for the consumer’suser’s fabrication practice, andpractice.
3.1.9 Exceptions to this specification or special requirements.
4. Chemical Composition
4.1 The chemical composition requirements are shown in Table 1. Since magnetic and, possibly, mechanical properties are of
primary importance, variations in composition from those shown in Table 1 are permitted by mutual agreement between the
consumeruser and the producer.
5. Form and Condition
5.1 As the silicon content increases, cold working becomes more difficult, hence, not all product forms are available in each type
of steel. The desired form and condition should be specified and discussed with the producer to assure receiving the appropriate
product. Available forms and conditions are:
5.1.1 Forging Billet (all steel types)—Billet surface ground, grit blasted, or acid cleaned.
5.1.2 Hot-Rolled Product (all steel types)—Hot rolled, hot rolled and acid cleaned, and hot-rolled and mechanically cleaned.
5.1.3 Cold-Finished Bars—Mill annealed, centerless ground (all steel types), cold drawn (all grades up to 0.500 in. (12.7
mm)12.7 mm (0.500 in.) round), cold-processed shapes such as squares, rectangles, hexagons (all types except Type 3), centerless
ground, and machine turned.
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements
NOTE 1—Values in mass percent
Type 1 Type 1F Type 2 Type 2F Type 3
Carbon 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 max
Manganese 0.50 max 0.50 max 0.50 max 0.50 max 0.50 max
Silicon 1.10 nom 1.10 nom 2.30 nom 2.30 nom 4.00 nom
Phosphorus 0.05 max 0.10/0.22 0.05 max 0.10/0.25 0.05 max
Phosphorus 0.05 max 0.10 to 0.05 max 0.10 to 0.05 max
0.22 0.25
Sulfur 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 max 0.04 max
Aluminum 0.35 max 0.35 max 0.50 max 0.50 max 0.50 max
A
Iron balance balance balance balance balance
A
Iron Balance Balance Balance Balance Balance
A
Iron is not analyzed nor is it reported.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
A867 − 19
5.1.4 Strip (all types except Type 3)—As-supplied condition must be specified as either cold rolled to a specified hardness or
mill annealed. Steel can be supplied in coil form or as straightened and cut to length flat product. Product can be supplied having
a rolled edge, either round or flat, or an edge produced by slitting.
5.1.5 Wire (all types except Type 3)—Cold drawn, cold drawn and mill annealed in either coils or straightened and cut to length.
6. Magnetic Property Requirements
6.1 Under this specification, only the coercive field strength (H ) is required to be measured. This measurement can be done
ccB
either using ring or permeameter methods or by use of a coercimeter. Since coercimeters saturate the test specimen before
measurement of the coercive field strength, two different sets of requirements are necessary, one for ring and permeameter testing
and one for coercimeter testing.
6.2 Test Specimen Heat Treatment—The test specimen shall be heat treated before testing as follows; heat at 845845°C 6 10°C
(1553°F 6 18°F) for 4 hhours in a wet hydrogen atmo
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