ASTM D4850-03

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Designation: D 4850 – 03
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Fabric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4850; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope pressure. D 4851
architectural-use, n—in the building trade, a descriptive term
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms
for fabrics used in fabric roof-systems or similar industrial
used in the industry related to textile fabrics. Terms that are
applications. (See also fabric roof-system.) D 4851
generally understood or adequately defined in other readily
bagging, n—any material, such as fabric or other suitable
available sources are not included. Other terminology stan-
material used to protect commodities during shipment and/or
dards that have terms related to textile fabrics are shown in 2.1
storage.
2. Referenced Documents
DISCUSSION—Fabrics may be of the woven, knitted, or non-woven
2.1 ASTM Standards:
type, and are typically produced with cotton, jute, polyethylene, or
2
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
polypropylene fibers. D 4850
3
D 3990 Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects
bending length, n—(1) general—a measure of the interaction
D 4848 Terminology for Force, Deformation and Related
between fabric weight and fabric stiffness as shown by the
3
Properties of Fabric
way in which a fabric bends under its own weight. It reflects
the stiffness of a fabric when bent in one plane under the
3. Terminology
force of gravity, and is one component of drape; (2)
3.1 Definitions:
specific—the cube root of the ratio of the flexural rigidity to
abrasion, n—the wearing away of any part of a material by
the weight per unit area. D 1388
rubbing against another surface. D 3884, D 3885, D 3886,
book fold, n—a fabric doubled selvage to selvage, then folded
D 4157, D 4158, D 4685, D 4966
back and forth upon itself in predetermined lengths. (See
abrasion cycle, n—one complete movement across the surface
also shoe fold.)
of a material.
DISCUSSION—When the piece is completed, the fold-edges on each
side are folded once more upon themselves so that the fold-edges are
DISCUSSION—The complete movement for an abrasion cycle is
inside, forming a compact package as long as one half the width of the
dependent on the action of the abrasion machine and the test method
used. It may consist of one back-and-forth unidirectional movement or fabric. D 4850
one circular movement, or a combination of both. D 3885
bow, n—a fabric condition resulting when filling yarns or
air permeability, n—the rate of air flow passing perpendicular
knitted courses are displaced from a line perpendicular to the
through a known area under a prescribed air pressure
selvages and form one or more arcs across the width of the
differential between the two surfaces of a material.
fabric. (See also double bow.) D 3882, D 3990
braided fabric, n—a structure produced by interlacing three or
DISCUSSION—Air permeability of fabric at a stated pressure differen-
more ends of yarns in a manner such that the paths of the
tial between two surfaces of the fabric is generally expressed in SI units
3 2 3 2
yarns are diagonal to the vertical axis of the fabric.
as cm /s/cm and in inch-pound units as ft /min/ft calculated in
operating conditions. (See permeability, porosity.) D 737 D 4850
broken end, n—in woven fabrics, a void in the warp direction
air-supported roof, n—a fabric roof-system that is properly
due to yarn breakage. D 3990
secured and primarily supported and held in place by air
burlap, n—a coarse, heavy, plain weave fabric of yarns, such
as bast or cotton fiber yarn. D 4850
bursting strength, n—the force or pressure required to rupture
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
a fabric by distending it with a force, applied at right angles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,
General.
to the plane of the fabric, under specified conditions.
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2003. Published April 2003. Originally
D 3786, D 3787, D 3887
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4850 – 02a.
2 circular bend, n—simultaneous, multidirectional deformation
Annul Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
3
Annul Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02. of a fabric in which one face of a flat specimen becomes
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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