iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM D6158-99

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils

Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mineral oils used in hydraulic systems, where the performance requirements demand fluids with one of the following characteristics:
1.1.1 A refined base oil (Class HH).  
1.1.2 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidation inhibitors (Class HL), and  
1.1.3 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidation inhibitors plus antiwear characteristics (Class HM).

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-1999
ICS
75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.N0.10 - Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D6158-05 - Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7752-18 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Hydraulic Fluids
Effective Date
10-Dec-1999
Referred By
ASTM D8506-23 - Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination and Biodeterioration in Turbine Oils and Turbine Oil Systems
Effective Date
10-Dec-1999

Buy Standard

ASTM D6158-99 - Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic OilsASTM D6158-99 - Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils
PreviousNext
Technical specification
ASTM D6158-99 - Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils
English language
7 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 6158 – 99
Standard Specification for
1
Mineral Hydraulic Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
2
ity)
1.1 This specification covers mineral oils used in hydraulic
D 471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liq-
systems, where the performance requirements demand fluids
3
uids
with one of the following characteristics:
D 664 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Products
1.1.1 A refined base oil (Class HH),
2
by Potentiometric Titration
1.1.2 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidation
D 665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
inhibitors (Class HL), and
2
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
1.1.3 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidation
D 892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubri-
inhibitors plus antiwear characteristics (Class HM).
2
cating Oils
1.2 This specification defines the requirements of mineral
D 943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhib-
oil-based hydraulic fluids that are compatible with most
2
ited Mineral Oils
existing machinery components when there is adequate main-
D 974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
tenance.
2
Indicator Titration
1.3 This specification defines only new lubricating oils
D 1298 Practice for Density, Relative Density (Specific
before they are installed in the hydraulic system.
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
1.4 This specification defines specific types of hydraulic
2
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
oils.Itdoesnotincludeallhydraulicoils.Someoilsthatarenot
D 1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum
included may be satisfactory for certain hydraulic applications.
2
Oils and Synthetic Fluids
Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit or require
D 2070 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic
a wider or narrower range of characteristics than those de-
2
Oils
scribed herein.
D 2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-
1.5 The following safety hazard caveat pertains to the test
2
matic Viscosity at 40 and 100°C
methods referenced in this specification. This standard does
D 2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
2
Viscosity System
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
D 2619 Test Method for Hydrolytic Stability of Hydraulic
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
2
Fluids (Beverage Bottle Method)
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitation prior
D 2882 Test Method for Indicating theWear Characteristics
to use.
of Petroleum and Non-Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids on a
2
2. Referenced Documents
Constant Volume Vane Pump
D 2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Automotive Fluid Lubricants Measured by Brookfield
D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
2
2
Viscometer
Open Cup
2
D 3427 Test Method for Air Release Properties of Petro-
D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Oils
4
leum Oils
D 130 Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from
2
D 4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
Petroleum Products by the Copper Strip Tarnish Test
4
Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
D 4310 Test Method for Determination of the Sludging and
4
Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.N on Hydraulic Fluids.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1999. Published February 2000. Originally
3
published as D 6158 – 97. Last previous edition D 6158 – 97. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6158–99
D 6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristics systems where equipment is intended to operate over a wide
5
of Hydraulic Fluids range of ambient temperatures.
3. Classification
4. Classification Requirements
3.1 Type HH Hydraulic Oils—Non-inhibited refined min-
4.1 Type HH—The requirements for this type of oil are
eral oils for hydraulic systems that do not have specific
presented in Table 1 and include
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM D7646-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Aqueous Polymer Quenchants for Aluminum Alloys by Cooling Curve Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a cooling time versus temperature pathway. The results obtained by this test method may be used as a guide in quenchant selection or comparison of quench severities of different quenchants, new or used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the description of the equipment and the procedure for evaluating quenching characteristics of aqueous polymer quenchants by cooling rate determination.  
1.2 This test method is designed to evaluate aqueous polymer quenchants for aluminum alloys in a non-agitated system. There is no correlation between these test results and the results obtained in agitated systems.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6006-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide discusses ways to assess the likelihood that a hydraulic fluid will undergo biodegradation if it enters an environment that is known to support biodegradation of some substances, for example the material used as the positive control in the test. The information can be used in making or assessing claims of biodegradability of a fluid formula.  
5.2 Biodegradation occurs when a fluid interacts with the environment, and so the extent of biodegradation is a function of both the chemical composition of the hydraulic fluid and the physical, chemical, and biological status of the environment at the time the fluid enters it. This guide cannot assist in judging the status of a particular environment, so it is not meant to provide standards for judging the persistence of a hydraulic fluid in any specific environment either natural or man-made.  
5.3 If any of the tests discussed in this guide gives a high result, it implies that the hydraulic fluid will biodegrade and will not persist in the environmental compartment being considered. If a low result is obtained, it does not mean necessarily that the substance will not biodegrade in the environment, but does mean that further testing is required if a claim of biodegradability is to be made. Such testing may include, but is not limited to, other tests mentioned in this guide or simulation tests for a particular environmental compartment.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in planning a laboratory test or series of tests from which may be inferred information about the biodegradability of an unused fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biodegradability is one of three characteristics which are assessed when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. The other two characteristics are ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation.  
1.2 Biodegradability may be considered by type of environmental compartment: aerobic fresh water, aerobic marine, aerobic soil, and anaerobic media. Test methods for aerobic fresh water, aerobic soil and anaerobic media have been developed that are appropriate for the concerns and needs of testing in each compartment.  
1.3 This guide addresses releases to the environment that are incidental to the use of a hydraulic fluid but is not intended to cover situations of major, accidental release. The tests discussed in this guide take a minimum of three to four weeks. Therefore, issues relating to the biodegradability of hydraulic fluid are more effectively addressed before the fluid is used, and thus before incidental release may occur. Nothing in this guide should be taken to relieve the user of the responsibility to properly use and dispose of hydraulic fluids.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2070-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil's lubricating performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a hydraulic oil in the presence of copper and steel at 135 °C. No correlation of the test to field service has been made.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 is designed primarily to evaluate the thermal stability of hydrocarbon based hydraulic oils although oxidation may occur during the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D7596-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Automatic Particle Counting and Particle Shape Classification of Oils Using a Direct Imaging Integrated Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use in analytical laboratories including on-site in-service oil analysis laboratories. Periodic sampling and analysis of lubricants have long been used as a means to determine overall machinery health. Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is often employed for wear metal analysis (Test Methods D5185 and D6595). A number of physical property tests complement wear metal analysis and are used to provide information on lubricant condition (Test Methods D445, D2896, D6304, and D7279). Molecular spectroscopy (Practice E2412) provides direct information on molecular species of interest including additives, lubricant degradation products and contaminating fluids such as water, fuel and glycol. Direct imaging integrated testers provide complementary information on particle count, particle size, particle type, and soot content.  
5.2 Particles in lubricating and hydraulic oils are detrimental because they increase wear, clog filters and accelerate oil degradation.  
5.3 Particle count may aid in assessing the capability of a filtration system to clean the fluid, determine if off-line recirculating filtration is needed to clean the fluid, or aid in the decision whether or not to change the fluid.  
5.4 An increase in the concentration and size of wear particles is indicative of incipient failure or component change out. Predictive maintenance by oil analysis monitors the concentration and size of wear particles on a periodic basis to predict failure.  
5.5 High soot levels in diesel engine lubricating oil may indicate abnormal engine operation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of particle concentration, particle size distribution, particle shape, and soot content for new and in-service oils used for lubrication and hydraulic systems by a direct imaging integrated tester.  
1.1.1 The test method is applicable to petroleum and synthetic based fluids. Samples from 2 mm2/s to 150 mm2/s at 40 °C may be processed directly. Samples of greater viscosity may be processed after solvent dilution.  
1.1.2 Particles measured are in the range from 4 μm to ≥ 70 μm with the upper limit dependent upon passing through a 100 μm mesh inlet screen.  
1.1.3 Particle concentration measured may be as high as 5 000 000 particles per mL without significant coincidence error.  
1.1.4 Particle shape is determined for particles greater than approximately 20 µm in length. Particles are categorized into the following categories: sliding, cutting, fatigue, nonmetallic, fibers, water droplets, and air bubbles.  
1.1.5 Soot is determined up to approximately 1.5 % by weight.  
1.1.6 This test method uses objects of known linear dimension for calibration.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D7721-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Effect of Fluid Selection on Hydraulic System or Component Efficiency

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The primary function of a hydraulic fluid is to transmit power. This practice provides uniform guidelines for comparing fluids in terms of their power-transmitting abilities as reflected in their effect on hydraulic system or component efficiency and productivity.  
5.2 Practical advantages of enhanced hydraulic system efficiency may include increased productivity (faster machine cycle time), reduced power consumption (electricity or fuel), and reduced environmental impact (lower emissions).  
5.3 Differences in fluid performance may be relatively small. Consequently, it is essential that the necessary experimental controls are implemented to ensure consistency in operating conditions and duty cycle when comparing the energy efficiency of different hydraulic fluid formulations.  
5.4 This practice implies no evaluation of hydraulic fluid quality other than its effect on hydraulic system efficiency.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers all types and grades of hydraulic fluids.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to both laboratory and field evaluations.  
1.3 This practice provides guidelines for conducting hydraulic fluid evaluations. It does not prescribe a specific efficiency test methodology.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D7665-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Evaluation of Biodegradable Heat Transfer Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The significance of each test method depends upon the system in use and the purpose of the test method as listed under Section 5. Use the most recent editions of ASTM test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide2 covers general information, without specific limits, for selecting standard test methods for evaluating heat transfer fluids for quality and aging. These test methods are considered particularly useful in characterizing biodegradable water-free heat transfer fluids in closed systems.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D8385-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Dry Filterability of Lubricants and Hydraulic Fluids by Mass Flow Technique

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Precision equipment and high pressure hydraulic machinery require filtered lubricants and fluids to prevent damage from the circulation of hard particulate contaminants. Three types of particulate contaminants are present in lubricants and hydraulic fluids: built in contaminants from the machinery assembly process, generated contaminants from equipment wear, and contaminants that enter from external sources.  
5.2 The ability of lubricants and hydraulic fluids to retain their filterability is critical for efficient and reliable machine performance. Normally, the pressure differential across a filter will increase gradually as the filter accumulates dirt, sludge, and wear debris. In order to prevent the filter from collapsing, bypass valves in the filter assembly open when the differential pressure gets too high. If a filter becomes blocked by precipitating additives or other contaminants, the bypass valve will open. This can lead to an equipment shutdown or circulation of damaging particles throughout the machine.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the dry filterability of lubricants and hydraulic fluids based upon mass flow rate measurements through a 0.8 µm membrane after ageing (Note 1). The procedure applies to lubricants and hydraulic fluids that are formulated with American Petroleum Institute (API) Group I, II, III, IV, and certain V base stocks. Products formulated with water or base stocks that are heavier than water are out of scope.
Note 1: This test method is similar to ISO 13357 but differs from the ISO method in the manner by which filterability is assessed. In ISO 13357, volume flow rates are used to determine filterability. In this test method, mass flow rates are used. Measurements of filterability based on mass flow rates facilitate automation and can be less susceptible to operator error.
Note 2: Residual water due to atmospheric conditions or contaminants is in scope for these samples and it is typically low for most in process samples.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6351-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance of Hydraulic Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to withstand prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With vegetable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do extended cold storage testing. Quick cool, short-term tests, such as Test Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately predict the tendency to solidify over longer time spans at cold temperatures.  
4.2 This test method is not intended to indicate cold temperature pumpability performance. A separate assessment of viscometric performance should be made in order to assess cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid system damage in cold temperature applications. Suitable guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various viscosity grades can be found in Practice D6080.  
4.3 No specific temperature of measurement is given in this test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have different cold temperature performance expectations. For guidance on temperature selection relative to an intended low temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice D6080. As an example of using Practice D6080, a L22 viscosity grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature for that grade, namely –22.9 °C. Alternatively, a fluid can be evaluated at the lowest temperature expected for field service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt as this is the common name used for this type of oil.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 1.3 and Section 6.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D7043-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Indicating Wear Characteristics of Non-Petroleum and Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in a Constant Volume Vane Pump

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is an indicator of the wear characteristics of non-petroleum and petroleum hydraulic fluids operating in a constant volume vane pump. Excessive wear in vane pumps could lead to malfunction of hydraulic systems in critical applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a constant volume vane pump test procedure operated at 1200 r/min and 13.8 MPa.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—There are no SI equivalents for the inch fasteners and inch O-rings that are used in the apparatus in this test method.  
1.2.2 Exception—In some cases English pressure values are given in parentheses as a safety measure.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D3700-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston Cylinder

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice allows the collection of a representative sample of LPG that may contain trace volatile dissolved components such as methane, ethane, and nitrogen. Sampling by Practice D1265 can result in a small, but predictable, loss of these lighter components. Practice D1265 is suitable for collecting samples for routine specification testing, as the small loss of light components is not significant under Specification D1835 specification requirements. Practice D3700 is recommended whenever highly accurate determination of light components is required. For example, compositions determined on samples collected according to Practice D3700 may be used to establish the product value of NGL mixtures (see Appendix X1).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the equipment and procedures for obtaining a representative sample of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), such as specified in ASTM Specification D1835, GPA 2140, and comparable international standards. It may also be used for other natural gas liquid (NGL) products that are normally single phase (for example, NGL mix, field butane, and so forth), defined in other industry specifications or contractual agreements, and for volatile (higher vapor pressure) crude oils.
Note 1: Some floating piston cylinders have such tight piston seals that the vapor pressure of some high vapor pressure crude oils may not be sufficient to allow sampling without a handle to move the piston. An alternative sampling practice for UN Class 3 liquids (under 300 kPa at 52 °C) is Practice D8009, which utilizes a Manual Piston Cylinder (MPC) sampler.  
1.2 This practice is not intended for non-specification products that contain significant quantities of undissolved gases (N2, CO2), free water or other separated phases, such as raw or unprocessed gas/liquids mixtures and related materials. The same equipment can be used for these purposes, but additional precautions are generally needed to obtain representative samples of multi-phase products (see Appendix X1).  
1.3 This practice includes recommendations for the location of a sample point in a line or vessel. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the sampling point is located so as to obtain a representative sample.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off