ASTM D7452-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed and Shock Loading
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed and Shock Loading
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Final drive axles are often subjected to severe service where they encounter high speed shock torque conditions, characterized by sudden accelerations and decelerations. This severe service can lead to scoring distress on the ring gear and pinion surface. This test method measures anti-scoring properties of final drive lubricants.
This test method is used or referred to in the following documents:
American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560.
SAE J308 and SAE J2360.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anti-scoring properties of final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to high-speed and shock conditions. This test method is commonly referred to as the L-42 test.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, and single source equipment suppliers.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
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Designation: D7452 − 12
StandardTest Method for
Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants
Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed
1
and Shock Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
4
1. Scope* 2.2 Society of Automotive Engineers Standards:
SAE J308 Information Report on Axle and Manual Trans-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anti-
mission Lubricants
scoring properties of final drive axle lubricating oils when
SAE J2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric)
subjectedtohigh-speedandshockconditions.Thistestmethod
2 Military Use
is commonly referred to as the L-42 test.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3. Terminology
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1.1 coast side, n—the convex side of the pinion and the
and are not considered standard.
concave side of the ring gear which are in contact during
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters
5
deceleration in a forward gear. CRC Manual 21
except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for
screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, 3.1.2 drive side, n—the concave side of the pinion and the
convex side of the ring gear which are in contact during
and single source equipment suppliers.
5
acceleration in a forward gear. CRC Manual 21
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 scoring, n—on the ring and the pinion gear teeth, the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- displacement of metal by local momentary welding from the
gear tooth, resulting in the development of a matt, or frosted
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning dull surface. CRC Manual 21
information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Charge a specially prepared light duty hypoid rear axle
3
6
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(Dana Model 44 ASTM Part No. 044AA100-1) with the
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
lubricant sample to be tested (see 10.1). Mount the axle
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
between two load absorbing dynamometers which are driven
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
with a V-8 gasoline engine through a manual transmission.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.2 Condition the test axle with light loads at different
speed, torque and temperature conditions on both the drive and
1
coast sides of the gears. (Warning—High-speed rotating
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
equipment, electrical shock, high-temperature surfaces.) After
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
conditioning, subject the test axle to high speed and shock
Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published September 2012. Originally
loadings at higher temperatures.
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7452–10. DOI:
10.1520/D7452-12.
4.3 Ratethedriveandcoastsideofthepinionandringgears
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
at the end of test (EOT) for scoring distress.
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of information letters.
Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555
Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, Attention: Administrator. This edition incor-
porates revisions in all information Letters through No. 11–1. The TMC is also a
4
source of reference oils. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
5
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM CRC Rating Manual, No. 21, Coordinating Research Council, Atlanta, GA.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Parts and Model 44 Maintenance Manual available from Dana Corporation,
the ASTM website. P.O. Box 2424, Fort Wayne, IN 46801.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7452–10 Designation:D7452–12
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants
Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed
1
and Shock Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anti-scoring properties of final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected
2
to high-speed and shock conditions. This test method is commonly referred to as the L-42 test.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw
threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, and single source equipment suppliers.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
4
2.2 Society of Automotive Engineers Standards:
SAE J308 Information Report on Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricants
SAE J2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) Military Use
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 coast side, n—the convex side of the pinion and the concave side of the ring gear which are in contact during deceleration
5
in a forward gear. CRC Manual 21
3.1.2 drive side, n—the concave side of the pinion and the convex side of the ring gear which are in contact during acceleration
5
in a forward gear. CRC Manual 21
3.1.3 scoring, n—on the ring and the pinion gear teeth, the displacement of metal by local momentary welding from the gear
5
tooth, resulting in the development of a matt, or frosted dull surface. CRC Manual 21
4. Summary of Test Method
6
4.1 Charge a specially prepared light duty hypoid rear axle (Dana Model 44ASTM Part No. 044AA100-1) with the lubricant
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.03
on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7452–09a. DOI:
10.1520/D7452-10.on Automotive Gear Lubricants Fluids.
Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published September 2012. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7452–10. DOI:
10.1520/D7452-12.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, theASTMTest Monitoring Center (TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of information letters. Information
letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in
all information Letters through No. 09-2.11–1. The TMC is also a source of reference oils.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
5
CRC Rating Manual, No. 21, Coordinating Research Council, Atlanta, GA.
6
Parts and Model 44 Maintenance Manual available from Dana Corporation, P.O. Box 2424, Fort Wayne, IN 46801.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
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