ASTM D7974-21

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7974 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Farnesane, Saturated Hydrocarbons, and
Hexahydrofarnesol Content of Synthesized Iso-Paraffins
(SIP) Fuel for Blending with Jet Fuel by Gas
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Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7974; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of farnesane
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
(2,6,10-trimethyldodecane), saturated hydrocarbons, and hexa-
Petroleum Products
hydrofarnesol content in synthesized iso-paraffins (SIP) fuel
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
for blending with jet fuel by gas chromatography.
Analytical Standards
1.2 Farnesane is determined from 96 % to 99.9 % by mass.
D7566 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing
Sum of saturated hydrocarbons including farnesane is deter-
Synthesized Hydrocarbons
mined from 97 % to 99.9 % by mass, and hexahydrofarnesol is
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-
determined from 0.02 % to 2.0 % by mass.
ships
1.3 This test method does identify and quantify main E594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
impurities or group type of impurities but does not purport to
identify all individual components that can be present in
3. Terminology
synthesized iso-paraffins (SIP) fuel for jet fuel blending.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This test method is inappropriate for impurities that boil
3.1.1 This test method makes reference to many common
at temperatures higher than 460 °C or for impurities that cause
gas chromatographic procedures, terms, and relationships.
poor or no response in a flame ionization detector.
Detailed definitions can be found in Practices E355 and E594.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.2 saturated hydrocarbons, n—paraffinic and naphthenic
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
compounds.
standard.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 A representative aliquot of the synthesized iso-paraffins
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(SIP) fuel sample is introduced into a gas chromatograph
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
equipped with a 5 % phenyl-methylpolysiloxane bonded phase
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
capillary column. Helium or hydrogen carrier gas transports
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor- the vaporized aliquot through the column where the compo-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- nents are separated by the chromatographic process. Compo-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the nents are sensed by a flame ionization detector as they elute
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- from the column. The detector signal is processed by an
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical electronic data acquisition system. The farnesane and its
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. impurities are identified by comparing their relative retention
times to the ones reported in the method. Identification has
been previously performed analyzing reference samples by
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
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Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published January 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7974 – 15. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7974-21. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D7974 − 21
mass spectrometry under identical conditions. The concentra- 6.4.1 Normalized percent calculation based on peak area,
tions of all c
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