ASTM C452-02

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Designation: C 452 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement
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Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope Cements and Concretes
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C 778 Specification for Standard Sand
1.1 This test method, which is applicable only to portland
C 1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
cements, covers the determination of the expansion of mortar
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
bars made from a mixture of portland cement and gypsum in
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Testing of Hydraulic Cements
such proportions that the mixture has a sulfur trioxide (SO )
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D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
content of 7.0 mass %.
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Practice for Use of the International
1.2 The values stated in SI units (IEEE/ASTM SI-10) are to
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System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 This test method is used primarily by those interested in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
research on methods for determining the potential sulfate
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
resistance of portland cement. This test method is also used to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
establish that a sulfate-resisting portland cement meets the
Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caus-
performance requirements of Specification C 150.
tic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
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prolonged exposure.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Weights and Weighing Devices, conforming to the re-
2. Referenced Documents
quirements of Specification C 1005.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2 Flow Table, conforming to the requirements of Specifi-
C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
cation C 230/C 230M.
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
3 4.3 Mixer, Bowl, and Paddle, conforming to the require-
Specimens)
3 ments of Practice C 305.
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
4.4 Trowel and Tamper, conforming to the requirements of
C 230/C 230M SpecificationforFlowTableforUseinTests
3 Test Method C 109/C 109M.
of Hydraulic Cement
4.5 Glass Graduates, Molds, and Length Comparator, con-
C 305 PracticeforMechanicalMixingofHydraulicCement
3 forming to the requirements of Practice C 490.
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C 471M Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Gypsum
5. Temperature and Humidity
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and Gypsum Products [Metric]
5.1 Molding Room, Dry Materials, and Mixing Water—
C 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination
Maintain the temperature of the molding room, dry materials,
of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
3 andmixingwaterat23.0 64.0°C(73.5 67°F)andtherelative
Concrete
humidity of the molding room at not less than 50 %.
C 511 Specification for Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and
5.2 MoistCabinetorRoom, conforming to the requirements
Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
of Specification C 511.
6. Materials
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C01 on Cement
6.1 Use sand that conforms to Specification C 778 for
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.29 on Sulfate Resistance.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally making the test mortar.
published as C 452 – 60. Last previous edition C 452 – 95.
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Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM
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Standards, Vol 04.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.
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C452–02
6.2 For the gypsum addition to portland cement, use high has been compacted, cut the mortar off flush with the top of the
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grade natural gypsum with 100 % passing the 150-µm (No. mold and smooth the surface with a few strokes of the trowel.
100) sieve, at least 94 % passing the 75-µm (No. 200) sieve, 10.2 Storage of Test Specimens:
and at least 90 % passing the 45-µm (No. 325) sieve. Calculate 10.2.1 Initial Storage—Cure the specimens in the molds in
the percentage of cement and gypsum required to provide a the moist closet at 23 6 2°C (73.5 6 3.5°F) for 22 to 23 h.
mixture containing 7.0 mass % SO as follows: Thenremovethemfromthemolds,properlyidentify,a
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