ASTM B367-93(2004)

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:B367–93(Reapproved1998) Designation: B 367 – 93 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Specification for
Titanium and Titanium Alloy Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 367; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers titanium and titanium alloy castings intended for general corrosion resistant and industrial
applications.
1.2 This specification is intended for use of purchasers and/or producers of reactive metal castings for defining the requirements
and assuring the properties of castings for unique corrosion-resistant applications, that is, not for commodity items which must
meet all potential purchasers’ requirements.
1.2.1 Users are advised to use the specification as a basis for obtaining castings which will meet minimum acceptance
requirements established and revised by consensus of the members of the committee.
1.2.2 User requirements considered more stringent may be met by the addition to the purchase order of one or more
supplementary requirements, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed in Sections S1 through S8.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 802/A 802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Visual Examination
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E 10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Testing
E 120 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys
E 142 Test Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic Testing
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
E 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (51 mm) in Thickness
E 1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique
E 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Thermal
Conductivity Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 lotlot, n—shall consist of all castings of the same design produced from the same pour.
3.1.2 pourpour, n—shall consist of all material melted and cast at one time.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for castings to this specification shall include the following as required, to describe the requirements adequately:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B10.05 on Castings.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1993. Published November 1993. Originally published as B367–61T. Last previous edition B367–87.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B10.01 on Titanium.
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published May 2004. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 1993 as B 367 – 93 (1998).
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 01.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Withdrawn.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 367 – 93 (2004)
4.1.1 Description of the castings by pattern number or drawing. Dimensional tolerances shall be included on the casting
drawing,
4.1.2 Quantity,
4.1.3 Grade designation (see Table 1),
4.1.4 Options in the specification, and
4.1.5 Supplementary requirements desired, including the standards of acceptance.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Materials for this specification shall be melted by conventional processes used for reactive metals. Typical methods include
the consumable electrode and induction-slag, plasma arc, induction-skull, and electron beam melting processes.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 Pour Analysis—An analysis of each pour shall be made by the producer from a sample such as a casting or test bar that
is representative of the pour. The chemical composition determined shall conform to the requirements specified for the relevant
grade in Table 1.
6.1.1 TheelementslistedinTable1areintentionalalloyadditionsorelementswhichareinherenttothemanufactureoftitanium
sponge, ingot or mill product.
6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 1 are deemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table 1 by and
only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrap additions to the ingot melt. Therefore product analysis for elements not listed in
Table 1 shall not be required unless specified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intent of this specification.
6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must be identified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis.
6.2 Whenagreeduponbytheproducerandthepurchaserandrequestedbythepurchaserinhiswrittenpurchaseorder,chemical
analysis shall be completed for specific residual elements not listed in this specification.
6.3 Product Analysis—Product analysis tolerances do not broaden the specified heat analysis requirements, but cover variations
between laboratories in the measurement of chemical content. The producer shall not ship material which is outside the limits
specified in Table 1 for the applicable grade. Product analysis limits shall be as specified in Table 2.
6.4 Sampling—Samples for chemical analysis may be made by the purchaser on a representative casting from any lot. Due to
the possibility of oxygen or other interstitial contamination, samples for oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen analysis shall be
taken no closer than ⁄4 in. (6.3 mm) to a cast surface except that castings too thin for this shall be analyzed on representative
material.ThechemicalcompositiondeterminedshallconformtotheanalysisinTable1withinthecheckanalysisvariationsshown
in Table 2 or shall be subject to rejection by the purchaser.
6.5 Referee Analysis—In the event of disagreement between the producer and purchaser concerning the analysis of any casting,
Test Methods E 120 shall be used as a referee chemical analysis method.
7. Heat Treatment
7.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all castings will be supplied in the as-cast condition except when post-weld heat
treatment is required.
7.2 If post-weld heat treatment is required, it shall consist of a stress relief performed at 1075 6 25°F (580 6 14°C) for Grades
C-2, C-3 Ti-Pd7B, Ti-Pd8A, Ti-Pd16 and Ti-Pd17, and 1200 6 25°F (650 6 14°C) for Grades C-5, C-6, and Ti-Pd18. Time at
1 1
temperature shall be a minimum of ⁄2 h plus an additional ⁄2 h at temperature per inch of thickness for section sizes greater than
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, Weight %
Element
Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade
C-2 C-3 C-5 C-6 Ti-Pd7B Ti-Pd8A Ti-Pd16 Ti-Pd17 Ti-Pd18
Nitrogen, max 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.05
Carbon, max 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.0150 0.0150 0.0150
Iron, max 0.20 0.25 0.40 0.50 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.20 0.25
Oxygen, max 0.40 0.40 0.25 0.20 0.40 0.40 0.18 0.25 0.15
Aluminum . . 5.5–6.75 4.00–6.00 . . . . 2.5–3.5
Vanadium . . 3.5–4.5 . . . . . 2.0–3.0
Tin . . . 2.0–3.0 . . . . .
A A B
Palladium . . . . 0.12 min 0.12 min 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08
Other elements 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
C
(each), max
Other elements 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
C
(total), max
A
Grade TiPd16 and TiPd17—Unalloyed titanium with reduced palladium content to enhance corrosion properties are similar to Grade TiPd, 7B and 8A.
B
Grade 18—Palladium added to titanium alloy 3AI-2.5V to enhance corrosion properties.
C
Need not be reported. By agreement between producer and purchaser, analysis may be required and limits established for elements or compounds not specified in
this table.
B 367 – 93 (2004)
TABLE 2 Check Analysis Tolerances
Maximum or Range, Permissible Variation in
Element
Weight% Check Analysis
Nitrogen 0.05 +0.02
Carbon 0.10 +0.02
Hydrogen 0.015 +0.003
Iron 0.50 +0.15
0.40 +0.08
0.25 +0.05
0.20 +0.04
Oxygen 0.40 +0.08
0.25 + 0.05
0.20 + 0.04
Aluminum 2.5–6.75 60.40
Vanadium 2.0–4.5 60.15
Tin 2.0–3.0 60.15
Palladium 0.04–0.25 60.02
Other (each) 0.10 +0.02
1 in. (25 mm).After heat treatment, the castings should be cooled in air or in the furnace to ambient temperature unless otherwise
agreed upon between the purchaser and producer.
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 All castings shall be made in a workman-like manner and shall conform to the dimensions in drawings furnished by the
purchaser before manufacturing is started. If the pattern is supplied by the purchaser, the dimensions of the casting shall be as
predicted by the pattern.
8.2 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering mold material, scale, cracks, and hot tears as determined by visual
examination. Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visual acceptance standards specified in the order. Practice A 802/
A 802M or other visual standards may be used to define acceptable surface discontinuities and finish. Unacceptable surface
discontinuities shall be removed and their removal verified by visual examination of the resultant cavities.
9. Repair by Welding
9.1 If repairs are required, these shall be made using a welding procedure and operators certified to quality requirements
established by the producer.The procedures developed shall be consistent with standard practices recommended for reactive metal
alloys. The producer shall maintain documentation on procedure and welder qualifications. Procedure modifications or special
arrangements shall be as agreed upon between the producer and the purchaser.
9.2 The composition of the deposited weld metal shall be within the chemical requirements for each grade established in Table
1.
9.2.1 Unalloyed titanium Grades C-2 and C-3, and low-alloy GradesTi-Pd7B,Ti-Pd8A,Ti-Pd16, andTi-Pd17 castings shall be
stress-relieved if the repair is considered capable of adding stresses that will interfere with the purpose for which the castings are
intended.Thedecisionforstressrelievingshallbemadebytheproducer,unlessotherwiseagreedupon.Thestress-reliefcycleshall
be in accordance with 7.2 followed by air or furnace cooling to room temperature, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and
the producer.
9.2.2 Grade C-5 (Ti-6Al-4V), Grade C-6 (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn) and Grade Ti-Pd 18 castings shall be stress-relieved after weld repair,
3 3
if the weld defect or excavation is through a wall or exceeds 1 in. (16 000 mm ) of deposited metal. The stress-relief cycle shall
be in accordance with 7.2.
9.2.3 Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) may be substituted for required thermal treatment provided all requirements for that treatment
are met, and temperatures detrimental to the material properties are not reached.
10. Inspection
10.1 The producer shall afford the purchaser’s inspector all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the material is
being produced and furnished in accordance with this specification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere
unnecessarily with the producer’s operations.
10.2 If the results of any chemical or mechanical property test lot are not in conformance with the requirements of this
specification, the lot may be retested at the option of the producer. The frequency of the retest will double the initial number of
tests.Iftheresultsoftheretestconformtothespecification,thentheretestvalueswillbecomethetestvaluesforcertification.Only
original conforming test results or the conforming retest results shall be reported to the purchaser. If the results for the retest fail
to conform to the specification, the material will be rejected in accordance with Section 11.
10.3 For purposes of determining conformance with the specifications contained herein, an observed or a calculated value shall
be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand significant digit used in expressing the limiting value.This is in accordance
with the round-off method of Practice E 29.
B 367 – 93 (2004)
11. Rejection
11.1 Any rejection based on test reports shall be reported to the producer within 60 days from the receipt of the test reports by
the purchaser.
11.2 Material that shows unacceptable discontinuities as determined by the acceptance standards specified on the order,
subsequent to acceptance at the producer’s works, may be rejected, and the producer shall be notified within 60 days, or as
otherwise agreed upon.
11.3 In the event of disagreement between the producer and the purchaser on the conformance of the material to the
requirements of this specification, a mutually acceptable referee shall perform the tests in question. The referee’s testing shall be
used in determining the conformance of the material to this specification.
12. Product Marking
12.1 Unless otherwise specified, the following shall apply.
12.1.1 Castings shall be marked for material identification with theASTM designation number (Specification B 367) and grade
symbol, that is, C2, C3, C5, C6, Ti-Pd7B, Ti-Pd8A, Ti-Pd16, Ti-Pd17, or Ti-Pd18.
12.1.2 The producer’s name or identification mark and the pattern number shall be cast or stamped using low stress stamps on
all castings. Small size castings may be such that marking must be limited consistent with the available area.
12.1.3 The marking of lot numbers on individual castings shall be agreed upon by the producer and the purchaser.
12.1.4 Marking shall be in such a position as not to injure the usefulness of the casting.
13. Keywords
13.1 castings; corrosion resistant; titanium; titanium alloys
SUPPLEME
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