ASTM D7582-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
Standard Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Moisture, as determined by this instrumental test method, is used for calculating other analytical results to a dry basis using procedures in Practice D3180.
5.2 Moisture can be used in conjunction with the air-dry moisture loss determined by Test Method D3302 to determine total moisture in coal. Total moisture is used for calculating other analytical results to an as-received basis using Practice D3180.
5.3 Ash yield is the residue remaining after heating the coal and coke samples (see Note 1).
Note 1: The ash obtained differs in composition and amount from the mineral constituents present in the original coal. Combustion causes an expulsion of all water, the loss of carbon dioxide from carbonates, the conversion of iron pyrite into iron oxides and sulfur oxides, and other chemical reactions. Ash yield, as determined by this test method, can differ from the amount of ash produced in furnace operations or other combustion systems because combustion conditions influence the chemistry and amount of ash.
5.4 Ash yield is used, (1) as a parameter for evaluating sampling procedures and coal cleaning processes, (2) in the ultimate analysis calculation of oxygen by difference using Practice D3176, (3) in calculations including material balance, reactivity and yields of products relevant to coal conversion processes such as gasification and liquefaction, (4) in calculations to estimate the loading on electrostatic precipitators and on the fly ash and bottom ash disposal systems as well as erosion rates on boiler systems.
5.5 Volatile matter yield, when determined as herein described, may be used to (1) indicate coke yield on carbonization, (2) provide the basis for purchasing and selling, or (3) establish combustion characteristics.
5.6 Fixed carbon is a calculated value. It is the difference between 100 and the sum of the percent moisture, ash, and volatile matter. All percents shall be on the same moisture reference base.
5.7 Moisture, ash, and v...
SCOPE
1.1 These instrumental test methods cover the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash, and the calculation of fixed carbon in the analysis of coal and coke samples prepared in accordance with Practice D2013 and Practice D346.
1.2 These instrumental test methods are not applicable to thermogravimetric analyzers using microgram size samples.
1.3 Test Methods D3173, D3174, and D3175 shall be considered the referee test methods.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7582 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro
1
Thermogravimetric Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7582; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3180 Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses
from As-Determined to Different Bases
1.1 These instrumental test methods cover the determination
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
of moisture, volatile matter, and ash, and the calculation of
D5016 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Coal and Coke
fixed carbon in the analysis of coal and coke samples prepared
Combustion Residues Using a High-Temperature Tube
in accordance with Practice D2013 and Practice D346.
Furnace Combustion Method with Infrared Absorption
1.2 These instrumental test methods are not applicable to
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
thermogravimetric analyzers using microgram size samples.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.3 Test Methods D3173, D3174, and D3175 shall be
considered the referee test methods. 3. Terminology
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this Terminology D121.
standard.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 In thermogravimetric analysis, the mass of a sample in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a controlled atmosphere is recorded repeatedly as a function of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
temperature or time, or both. In macro thermogravimetric
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
analysis, a sample size of approximately 1 g is used. All mass
measurements are conducted by the system. In a typical
2. Referenced Documents
analysis, the temperature is normally ramped from ambient to
2
a specific temperature and held at that temperature for a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
prescribed length of time. The mass change is recorded
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
repeatedly during the entire procedure. For the thermogravi-
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke
metric analysis of coal and coke samples the moisture and ash
Samples for Laboratory Analysis
analyses are complete when the sample reaches a constant
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
mass as defined in the instrumental operating parameters.
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of
Alternatively, the measurement of moisture and ash can be
Coal and Coke
considered complete after heating the sample for a fixed period
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal
of time. In the volatile matter analysis, the samples are weighed
and Coke from Coal
after heating to 950°C and held at this temperature for 7 min.
D3175 Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis
Sample of Coal and Coke
4.2 Moisture is determined by measuring the loss in mass of
D3176 Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
the analysis specimen of coal or coke when heated under
specified conditions of temperature, time, atmosphere, speci-
men mass, and equipment specifications.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal
4.3 Volatile matter is determined by measuring the loss in
and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of
Analysis.
mass of the analysis specimen of coal or coke when heated
Current edition approved May 15, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
under rigidly controlled conditions. The measured mass loss is
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7582-12. DOI:
used to calculate the volatile matter after correcting for the
10.1520/D7582–15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or moisture content.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.4 Ash is determined by measuring the mass of the residue
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. remaining after burning the coal or coke specimen under
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D758
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7582 − 12 D7582 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro
1
Thermogravimetric Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7582; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These instrumental test methods cover the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash, and the calculation of fixed
carbon in the analysis of coal and coke samples prepared in accordance with Practice D2013 and Practice D346.
1.2 These instrumental test methods are not applicable to thermogravimetric analyzers using microgram size samples.
1.3 Test Methods D3173, D3174, and D3175 shall be considered the referee test methods.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D3175 Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3176 Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
D3180 Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses from As-Determined to Different Bases
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
D5016 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Coal and Coke Combustion Residues Using a High-Temperature Tube Furnace
Combustion Method with Infrared Absorption
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D121.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 In thermogravimetric analysis, the mass of a sample in a controlled atmosphere is recorded repeatedly as a function of
temperature or time, or both. In macro thermogravimetric analysis, a sample size of approximately 1 g is used. All mass
measurements are conducted by the system. In a typical analysis, the temperature is normally ramped from ambient to a specific
temperature and held at that temperature for a prescribed length of time. The mass change is recorded repeatedly during the entire
procedure. For the thermogravimetric analysis of coal and coke samples the moisture and ash analyses are complete when the
sample reaches a constant mass as defined in the instrumental operating parameters. Alternatively, the measurement of moisture
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of Analysis.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012May 15, 2015. Published December 2012June 2015. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 20102012 as
ε1
D7582-10-12. . DOI: 10.1520/D7582–12.10.1520/D7582–15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7582 − 15
and ash can be considered complete after heating the sample for a fixed period of time. In the volatile matter analysis, the samples
are weighed after heating to 950°C and held at this temperature for 7 min.
4.2 Moisture is determined by measuring the loss in mass of the analysis specimen of coal or coke when heated under specified
conditions of temperature, time, atmosphere, specimen mass, and equipment specifications.
4.3 Volatile matter is determined by measuring the loss in mass of the analysis specimen of coal or coke when heated under
rigidly controlled conditions. The measured mass loss is used to calculate the vola
...
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