ASTM D6197-99

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D6197–99
Standard Test Method for
Classifying and Counting Faults in Spun Yarns in Electronic
Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6197; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2.1 Discussion—In this test method, a visible change in
thickness, such as an abnormal thick or thin place in the yarn
1.1 This test method covers the classifying and counting of
resulting in a large change in yarn diameter or any foreign
faults in spun yarns using capacitance testers.
matter affixed to or spun into the yarn, such as a nep, is
1.1.1 Protruding fibers or yarn hairiness, or both, are not
considered to be a fault. Thick faults are reported as either
determined as part of this method.
major or minor depending on the combination of length and
NOTE 1—For measuring protruding fibers or hairiness, or both, refer to
diameter. The most accepted criterion for major faults (infre-
Guide D 5647.
quent thick places) is 250 to 400 % larger than yarn diameter
1.2 This test method provides for grading yarns by fault
and 20 to 40- mm (0.8 to 1.5-in.) long . The minor faults
level and type.
(frequent thick places) are 100 to 150 % larger than yarn
1.3 This test method is applicable to all single or plied spun
diameter and 1.0 to 40-mm (0.04 to 1.5- in.) long . The thin
yarns from natural or manufactured fibers or blends of each.
place classes are arranged and considered separately. The
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
criteria for thin places may vary with manufacturers, but will
standard; the values in inch-pound units are provided as
generally fall in the category of less than 30 % of diameter and
information only and are not exact equivalents.
greater in length than 10 mm.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 yarn fault count, n—the number of faults per specified
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
length of product.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
method, refer to Terminology D 123.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 A specimen is passed through the sensing device of a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
classifying instrument at a constant speed. The electronic
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
counting instrument records the faults and classifies them
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
according to their length and relative diameter. The faults for
D 2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
the most part are in the form of thick places, thin places and
D 5647 Guide to Measuring Hairiness of Yarns by the
neps in yarns spun on various spinning systems.
Photo-Electric Apparatus
5. Significance and Use
3. Terminology
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for accep-
3.1 Definitions:
tance testing of commercial shipments of spun yarns by
3.1.1 spun yarn, n—in a staple system, a continuous strand
agreement between purchaser and supplier.
of fibers held together by some binding mechanism.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
3.1.2 yarn fault, n—in textile strands, a change in thickness
reported test results when using this test method for acceptance
sufficient to be visible to the normal human eye.
testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and supplier
should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a
statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical
assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD-13onTextiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarn Test Methods,
minimum, the two parties should take a group of test speci-
General.
mensthatareashomogenousaspossibleandthatarefromalot
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1999. Published April 1999.
of material of the type in question. The test specimens should
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02. then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory
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D6197
for testing.The average result from the two laboratories should 9.2 Make proper selections for material value, yarn number,
be compared using statistical analysis and a probability level and the coding plug, if one is used. Review the tables provided
chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias by manufacturer for further details.
is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the 9.3 Set the take-up mechanism to the speed of travel
purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test
recommended by the tester’s manufacturer. If a nonstandard
results with consideration to the known bias. set-up is used it should be reported.
5.2 Yarn faults are a factor in determining yarn and fabric
9.3.1 Verify that control unit speed selection is set to the
quality. same speed as the take-up mechanism.
9.4 Checkthepackagetoensurethatnoshippingmaterialor
6. Apparatus
other contaminant is present and that no damage is apparent on
the package. If contaminants or damage are detected, select
6.1 Electronic Measuring Device—Acapacitance or optical
another package for testing.
unit with guide alignment of the yarn in a straight path through
the measuring zone.
NOTE 3—Do not separate the length of yarn from the packages prior to
6.2 Control Unit—A device that supplies the signal to
testing.
operate the measuring device and, also in return, receives the
9.5 Mount the package on a suitable holder. Thread the free
registration signal from the measuring device, stores the
end of the yarn directly from the package through the instru-
informationreceived,respondstothisinformationaccordingto
ment.
a predetermined setup, and outputs computed data at the end of
9.6 Start the take-up mechanism of the tester.
the test.
9.7 Test the total predetermined yarn length, that may
6.3 Winder—A power driven take-up device equipped with
require more than one package.
a winding drum of uniform diameter and capable of operating
9.8 Follow the tester instruction manual for operational
at constant take-up speed.
procedures not outlined in this test method.
6.4 Yarn Tensioning Device—A unit for the control of the
9.9 For testers not equipped with automatic data calcula-
yarn in the measuring zone so that the yarn tr
...