ASTM D6121-12b
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final Hypoid Drive Axles
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final Hypoid Drive Axles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures a lubricant's ability to protect final drive axles from abrasive wear, adhesive wear, plastic deformation, and surface fatigue when subjected to low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lack of protection can lead to premature gear or bearing failure, or both.
5.2 This test method is used, or referred to, in the following documents:
5.2.1 American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560.8
5.2.2 STP-512A.9
5.2.3 SAE J308.
5.2.4 Military Specification MIL-PRF-2105E.
5.2.5 SAE J2360.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-37 test.2 This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the load-carrying, wear, and extreme pressure properties of a gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed, high-torque operation.
1.2 This test method also provides for the running of the low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test. The procedure for the low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test is identical to the standard L-37 test with the exceptions of the items specifically listed in Annex A6. The procedure modifications listed in Annex A6 refer to the corresponding section of the standard L-37 test method.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3.1 Exceptions—In Table A9.1, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Also, no SI unit is provided where there is not a direct SI equivalent.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
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Designation: D6121 − 12b
StandardTest Method for
Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under
Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final
1
Hypoid Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-37 2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
test. This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating D235Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
the load-carrying, wear, and extreme pressure properties of a (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed, E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
high-torque operation. Determine Conformance with Specifications
4
2.2 Military Specification:
1.2 Thistestmethodalsoprovidesfortherunningofthelow
MIL-PRF-2105ELubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test. The procedure for the
5
2.3 AGMA National Standard:
low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test is identical to the
Nomenclature of Gear Tooth Failure Modes
standard L-37 test with the exceptions of the items specifically
6
2.4 SAE Standard:
listed in Annex A6. The procedure modifications listed in
SAE J308Information Report on Axle and Manual Trans-
Annex A6 refer to the corresponding section of the standard
mission Lubricants
L-37 test method.
SAE J2360Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric)
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Military Use
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3. Terminology
and are not considered standard.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3.1 Exceptions—In Table A9.1, the values stated in SI
3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—on ring and pinion gears, removal
units are to be regarded as standard. Also, no SI unit is
of material from the operating surface of the gear caused by
provided where there is not a direct SI equivalent.
lapping of mating surfaces by fine particles suspended in
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
lubricant,fuel,orairorimbeddedinasurface. ASTM Distress
7
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Rating Manual No. 21
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 adhesive wear, n—on ring and pinion gears, removal
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of material from the operating surface of the gear caused by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
shearing of junctions formed between operating surfaces in
information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published March 2013. Originally the ASTM website.
4
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6121–12a. DOI: AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg4,SectionD,700
10.1520/D6121-12b. Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111–5098.
2 5
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center American Gear Manufacturers Assn. (AGMA), 1500 King St., Suite 201,
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. Alexandria, VA 22314.
6
This edition includes all Information Letters through No. 12–1. Information Letters Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave, Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
7
Pittsburgh, PA15206,Attn:Administrator.TheTMC is also the source of reference Formerly known as CRC Manual 21. Available from the ASTM website,
oils. www.astm.org, (TMCMNL21).
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6121 − 12b
direct metal-to-metal contact; sheared-off particles either re- 3.1.14 spalling, n—on ring and pinion gears, the breaking
mainaffixedtotheharderofthematingsurfacesoractaswear out of flakes of irregular are
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6121 − 12a D6121 − 12b
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under
Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final
1
Hypoid Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-37 test. This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the
load-carrying, wear, and extreme pressure properties of a gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed,
high-torque operation.
1.2 This test method also provides for the running of the low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test. The procedure for the low
axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test is identical to the standard L-37 test with the exceptions of the items specifically listed in
Annex A6. The procedure modifications listed in Annex A6 refer to the corresponding section of the standard L-37 test method.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3.1 Exceptions—In Table A9.1, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Also, no SI unit is provided where
there is not a direct SI equivalent.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
4
2.2 Military Specification:
MIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
5
2.3 AGMA National Standard:
Nomenclature of Gear Tooth Failure Modes
6
2.4 SAE Standard:
SAE J308 Information Report on Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricants
SAE J2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) Military Use
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.03
on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2012. Published February 2013March 2013. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as
D6121–12.–12a. DOI: 10.1520/D6121-12A.10.1520/D6121-12b.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. This edition
includes all Information Letters through No. 12–1. Information Letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, Attn:
Administrator. The TMC is also the source of reference oils.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111–5098.
5
American Gear Manufacturers Assn. (AGMA), 1500 King St., Suite 201, Alexandria, VA 22314.
6
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6121 − 12b
3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—on ring and pinion gears, removal of material from the operating surface of the gear caused by lapping
of mating surfaces by fine particles suspended in lubricant, fuel, or air or imbedded in a surface. ASTM Distress Rating Manual
7
No. 21
3.1.2 adhesive wear, n—on ring and pinion gears, removal of material from the operating surface of th
...
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