ASTM E805-22

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E805 − 12a (Reapproved 2017) E805 − 22
Standard Practice for
Identification of Instrumental Methods of Color or Color-
Difference Measurement of Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E805; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the documentation of instrumental measurement of color or color difference for current communication
or for future reference. The practice is applicable to instrumental measurements of materials where color is seen by reflected,
transmitted or emitted light and any combinations of one or more of these processes. The practice is recommended for
documentation of methodology in interlaboratory color-measurement programs.
1.2 Providing an adequate identification of an instrumental measure of color or color-difference involves documenting the
metadata necessary for archiving and future use of the measurement data collected. The metadata can be divided in five parts:
1.2.1 Nature and source of available samples and the form of specimens actually measured,
1.2.2 Instrumental conditions of measurement, including instrument geometrical and spectral conditions of measurement,
1.2.3 Standards used,
1.2.4 Data acquisition procedure, and
1.2.5 Color scales employed.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of whoever uses the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products (Saybolt Chromometer Method)
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.04 on Color and
Appearance Analysis.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017June 1, 2022. Published May 2017June 2022. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 20122017 as
E805 – 12a.E805 – 12a (2017). DOI: 10.1520/E0805-12AR17.10.1520/E0805-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E805 − 22
D1535 Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System
D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D5386 Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry
D6166 Test Method for Color of Pine Chemicals and Related Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)
E179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties of Materials
E259 Practice for Preparation of Pressed Powder White Reflectance Factor Transfer Standards for Hemispherical and
Bi-Directional Geometries
E284 Terminology of Appearance
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
E991 Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Specimens Using the One-Monochromator Method
E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation
E1247 Practice for Detecting Fluorescence in Object-Color Specimens by Spectrophotometry
E1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
E1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
E1348 Test Method for Transmittance and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
E1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45°:0° or 0°:45°) Geometry
E1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange of Color and Appearance Data
E1767 Practice for Specifying the Geometries of Observation and Measurement to Characterize the Appearance of Materials
E2152 Practice for Computing the Colors of Fluorescent Objects from Bispectral Photometric Data
E2153 Practice for Obtaining Bispectral Photometric Data for Evaluation of Fluorescent Color
E2175 Practice for Specifying the Geometry of Multiangle Spectrophotometers
E2194 Test Method for Multiangle Color Measurement of Metal Flake Pigmented Materials
E2729 Practice for Rectification of Spectrophotometric Bandpass Differences
2.2 Other Standard Documents:
CIE Publication 51 A Method for Assessing the Quality of Daylight Simulators for Colorimetry
DIN 6176 Farbmetrische, Bestimmung von Farbabstände bie Körperfarben nach der DIN99–FormelDIN99o–Formel (Colori-
metric Determination of Color-Differences of Object Colors According to the DIN99o Formula)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of terms in Terminology E284 are applicable to this practice.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.3 metadata, n—structeredstructured information that describes, explains, locates, and otherwise makes it easier to retrieve and
use an information resource (1).
NOTE 1—In the case of color and color difference measurements, the data about the instrument, the measurement procedure, the treatment of the specimen,
identification of color scale and the calculations are to be included in the metadata.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The options available in methods for the measurement of color or color-difference are many. These involve choices in: (1)
specimens, (2) geometric and spectral properties of instruments, (3) calibration bases for standards used, (4) procedure for sample
handling including conditioning, (5) procedure for taking data, and (6) equations for converting instrumental data to final results.
Once the measurements have been made, it is essential to document what has been done for the purpose of interlaboratory
comparisons, or for future use. A sample form is provided in Fig. 1 to record identifying information applicable to any instrumental
method of color or color-difference measurement.
4.2 Refer to Guide E179, Practices E991, E1164, E1345, E1708, E1767, E2152, and E2194 and Test Methods D5386, D6166,
E1247, E1331, E1347, E1348, and E1349, for specific details of measurements.
Available from CIE (International Commission on Illumination), http://www.cie.co.at or http://www.techstreet.
Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH (DIN–Deutsches Institut fur Normung e.V.), Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787, Berlin, Germany, http://www.en.din.de.
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this practice.
E805 − 22
Metadata for Color or Color Difference Measurement of Specimens
FIG. 1 Sample Report Form
5. Identification of Samples and Specimens
5.1 Identification of Samples and Specimens:
5.1.1 Identify samples by material and form, together with markings or document identification.
5.1.2 Mark each specimen with a serial number or letter, and other identifying markings.
5.2 Description of Specimens—For specific forms of specimens, additional identification shall be included:
5.2.1 Solid sheet or web, specify thickness and backing material.
5.2.2 Powder or granular substance (packed or poured); if placed behind window, state material and thickness.
5.2.3 Fiber or yarn, describe form, type of transparent specimen window (if used), pressure on backing plate.
E805 − 22
5.2.4 Paste (if placed behind window), state material and thickness.
5.2.5 Liquid (if observed through window), state window material and path length.
5.2.6 Film drawdown, specify film thickness and background.
5.2.7 For gonioapparent materials, identify the direction of illumination and viewing relative to the specimen.
5.2.8 Conditioning, if any.
NOTE 2—When specimens are measured behind glass or other material, specify thickness and material type. In addition, specify the method used for data
correction.
6. Identification of Instrument
6.1 Sufficient description of the instrumentation shall be provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to reproduce the
measurement. The make and model number of the instrument used shall be reported.
6.2 For interlaboratory comparisons, long-term studies, and measurements used to document conformance to a color specification,
the physical prop
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