ASTM D501-03

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D501 – 03
Standard Test Methods of
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Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
Sections
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate:
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling
Sampling 74
and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents.
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate
(Na P O ) 75-79
4 2 7
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
Matter Insoluble in Water 80 and 81
Sections
Loss on Ignition 82 and 83
Caustic Soda:
Borax:
Sampling 5
Sampling 84
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 6-8
2
Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity 85-87
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) 9-11
Matter Insoluble in Water 88 and 89
Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 12
2 3 Sodium Triphosphate:
Carbon Dioxide (CO ) by the Evolution Method 13-16
2
Sampling 90
Soda Ash:
Tritratable Na O 91-94
2
Sampling 17
Total P O :
2 5
Matter Volatile at 150 to 155°C 18 and 19
Preferred Method 95-97
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 20-22
2 3
Alternative Method 98-101
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) 23-25
3
pH Titration 102-107
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) by Potentiometric Titration 26-28
3 Quantitative Separation and Measurement of Various Phosphates:
Matter Insoluble in Water 29 and 30
Reverse-Flow Ion-Exchange Chromatography (Preferred
Apparent Density 31 and 32
Method) 108-119
Modified Soda (Sequicarbonate Type):
Paper Chromatographic Method 120-127
Sampling 33
pH of 1 percent Solution 128
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 34-36
2
Turbidity 129
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) and Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 37-39
3 2 3
Temperature Rise 130-134
Matter Insoluble in Water 40
Sulfate 135-137
Sodium Bicarbonate:
Ignition Loss 140 and
Sampling 41
141
Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate, and Free Moisture 42-45
Matter Insoluble in Water 142-144
Matter Insoluble in Water 46
Particle Size 145
Sodium Metasilicate, Sodium Sesquisilicate and Sodium Orthosil-
Orthophosphate 146-151
icate:
Sampling 47
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 48-50
2
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Total Silica as SiO 51-53
2
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Sodium Metasilicate (Na SiO ·5H O) 54
2 3 2
Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na O·2SiO ·11H O) 55
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2 2 2
Matter Insoluble in Water 56 and 57
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety
Loss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na O·2SiO ·11H O) 58 and 59
2 2 2
Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review
Sodium Orthosilicate (Na SiO ) 60
4 4
Trisodium Phosphate:
them for hazards prior to usage.
Sampling 61
Trisodium Phosphate (Na PO ) Content and Phosphorus
3 4
2. Referenced Documents
Pentoxide (P O ) 62-64
2 5
2
Trisodium Phosphate Calculated as Na PO ·12H O, Na PO ·
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3 4 2 3 4
H O, Na PO , and as P O 65-68
2 3 4 2 5
D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other Detergents
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 69-71
2
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Matter Insoluble in Water 72 and 73
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
1
Glass Electrode
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on
Soaps and Other Detergents and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D12.12 on Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their
Components.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. Originally
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
approved in 1938. Discontinued August 2001 and reinstated as D501–03. Last
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
previous edition approved in 1989 as D501–89 (1998). DOI: 10.1520/D0501-03.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D501 – 03
3. Terminology tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
3
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
3.1 Definitions:
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
3.1.1 inorganic alkaline detergent—a water soluble inor-
suffici
...