ASTM D7450-08

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Designation:D7450 −08
StandardSpecification for
Performance of Rear Axle Gear Lubricants Intended for API
Category GL-5 Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7450; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Military Standards:
MIL-L-2105C Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
1.1 This specification covers test methods and acceptance
MIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
criteria for determining the acceptability of gear oils for
MIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
applicationswhichspecifyalubricantmeetingtheperformance
2.3 ASTM Test Monitoring Center Documents:
requirements ofAPI Category GL-5 service. Lubricants which
meettheseperformancerequirementsaretypicallyintendedfor L-42 Test Procedure
use in automotive axles, particularly those containing hypoid
2.4 SAE Documents:
gears, operating under various combinations of high-speed/
J306 Automotive Gear Lubricant Viscosity Classification
shock-load and low-speed/high-torque conditions.
J2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) Military
Use
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3. Terminology
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.1 ridging, n—on ring and pinion gears, an alteration of
the tooth surface to give a series of parallel raised and polished
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- ridges running diagonally in the direction of sliding motion,
eitherpartiallyorcompletelyacrossthetoothsurfacesofgears.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. D6121
3.1.2 rippling, n—on ring and pinion gears, an alteration of
2. Referenced Documents
the tooth surface to give an appearance of a more or less
2.1 ASTM Standards:
regular pattern resembling ripples on water or fish scales.
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
D6121
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
3.1.3 pitting, n—on ring and pinion gears, small irregular
D892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricat-
cavities in the tooth surface, resulting from the breaking out of
ing Oils
small areas of surface metal. D6121
D5704 Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and
3.1.4 spalling, n—on ring and pinion gears, the breaking
Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual
out of flakes of irregular area of the tooth surface, a condition
Transmissions and Final Drive Axles
more extensive than pitting. D6121
D6121 Test Method for Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capac-
3.1.5 scoring, n—on ring and pinion gears, the rapid
ity of Lubricants Under Conditions of Low Speed and
removal of metal from the tooth surfaces caused by the tearing
High Torque Used for Final Hypoid Drive Axles
out of small contacting particles that have welded together as
D7038 Test Method for Evaluation of Moisture Corrosion
a result of metal-to-metal contact. The scored surface is
Resistance of Automotive Gear Lubricants
characterized by a matte or dull finish. D6121
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. DOI: 10.1520/ Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
D7450-08. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM PA 15206–4489, Attn: Administrator.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
the ASTM website. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7450−08
TABLE 1 API Category GL-5 Tests and Acceptance Criteria
Test Item Minimum Maximum
A,B
L-42 .
%Scoring, Pinion
Equal to or better (lower) than
Drive Side
the mean scoring value of the
Coast Side
passing reference oil test results
%Scoring, Ring
used to calibrate the stand
Drive Side
Coast Side
Test Method D6121 (formerly L-37) using non-lubrited
B,C
hardware
Ridging, ASTM merit rating 8 .
Rippling, ASTM merit rating 8 .
Wear, ASTM merit rating 5 .
Pitting/Spalling, ASTM merit rating 9.3 .
Scoring, ASTM merit rating 10 .
D
Test Method D7038 (formerly L-33-1)
Final rust merit rating 9.0
E
Test Method D5704 (formerly L-60-1) or L-60
Viscosity Increase, percent … 100
Pentane Insolubles, wt percent … 3.0
Toluene Insolubles, wt percent … 2.0
Test Method D892, tendency
Sequence I, mL . 20
Sequence II, mL . 50
Sequence III, mL . 20
F
Test Method D130
ASTM rating . 3
A
The latest version of this test can be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center. The Canadian version of the L-42 test follows the procedure of the L-42 test with
the modifications detailed in Annex A1, Table A1.1 of the L-42 test procedure.
B
This test may be conducted under two different sets of operating conditions, commonly referred to as Standard and Canadian. The test conditions to be used are
dependant upon the viscosity grade of the lubricant under evaluation. Please see A2.2 and Table A2.1 for details as to which version of this test should be used in the
evaluation of a specific lubricant.
C
The Canadian version of the Test Method D6121 test follows the procedure of the Test Method D6121 test with the modifications detailed in Test Method D6121, Annex
A6.2, Table A6.1.
D
Candidate fluids tested previous to the development of the Test Method D7038 pr
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