ASTM D4636-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Hydraulic Oils, Aircraft Turbine Engine Lubricants, and Other Highly Refined Oils
Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Hydraulic Oils, Aircraft Turbine Engine Lubricants, and Other Highly Refined Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method simulates the environment encountered by fully formulated lubricating fluids in actual service and uses an accelerated oxidation rate to permit measurable results to be obtained in a reasonable time. The use of metals provides catalytic reactive surfaces of those materials commonly found in real systems. The high temperature and air agitation help accelerate the oxidation reactions that are expected to occur. Moisture in the air adds another realistic condition that encourages oil breakdown by facilitating acid formation.
4.2 Interpretation of results should be done by comparison with data from oils of known field performance. The accelerated conditions likely will cause one or more of the following measurable effects: mass change and corroded appearance of some metals; change of viscosity; increase in acid number; measurable reaction products in the form of sludge; and mass loss of oil due to evaporation.
4.3 This test method is most suitable for oils containing oxidation and corrosion inhibitors. Without such ingredient(s), the severe test conditions will yield rather drastic changes to the oil.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of hydraulic oils, aircraft turbine engine lubricants, and other highly refined oils to determine their resistance to oxidation and corrosion degradation and their tendency to corrode various metals. Petroleum and synthetic fluids may be evaluated using moist or dry air with or without metal test specimens.
1.2 This test method consists of a standard test procedure, an alternative Procedure 1, and an alternative Procedure 2. As there are variations possible with this test method, it will be up to the particular specification to establish the conditions required. In addition to temperature, the variables to specify if other than those of the standard procedure or alternative Procedure 1 or 2 are: test time, air flow and humidity, sample frequency, test fluid quantity, and metal specimen(s).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The values in parentheses in some of the figures are provided for information only for those using old equipment based on non-SI units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D4636 −14
Standard Test Method for
Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Hydraulic Oils,
Aircraft Turbine Engine Lubricants, and Other Highly
1
Refined Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4636; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
This test method is the result of combining Federal Test Methods 5307.2 and 5308.7. Features and
detailsofbothofthesetestmethodsareincluded,butthenewtestmethodisbasicallyMethod5307.2
2
expanded to include Method5308.7.
1. Scope* priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method covers the testing of hydraulic oils,
aircraft turbine engine lubricants, and other highly refined oils
2. Referenced Documents
to determine their resistance to oxidation and corrosion degra-
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dationandtheirtendencytocorrodevariousmetals.Petroleum
D91Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating
and synthetic fluids may be evaluated using moist or dry air
Oils
with or without metal test specimens.
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
1.2 This test method consists of a standard test procedure,
andOpaqueLiquids(andCalculationofDynamicViscos-
an alternative Procedure 1, and an alternative Procedure 2.As
ity)
therearevariationspossiblewiththistestmethod,itwillbeup
D664Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
to the particular specification to establish the conditions
by Potentiometric Titration
required. In addition to temperature, the variables to specify if
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
other than those of the standard procedure or alternative
D3339TestMethodforAcidNumberofPetroleumProducts
Procedure 1 or 2 are: test time, air flow and humidity, sample
by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
frequency, test fluid quantity, and metal specimen(s). 4
2.2 U.S. Federal Test Method Standards:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as FED-STD-791Testing Method of Lubricants, Liquid Fuels,
and Related Products
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. Method5307.2Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of
Aircraft Turbine Engine Lubricants (Withdrawn)
1.3.1 Exception—The values in parentheses in some of the
figures are provided for information only for those using old Method5308.7 Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of
Light Oils (Metal Squares)
equipment based on non-SI units.
MIL-S-13282Refined Silver (99.95) (P07015)
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5
2.3 Other Standards:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
AMS 4616Silicon Iron Bronze (C65900)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
AMS 4908Titanium Alloy—(8% Mn) Annealed (R56080)
AMS 6490Steel (M50) (T11350)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Subcommittee D02.09.0D on Oxidation of Lubricants. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2014.PublishedJuly2014.Originallyapproved Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4636–09. DOI: 10.1520/ the ASTM website.
4
D4636-14. Available from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins,
2
FED-STD-791D is the parent document containing both test methods. As of Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia PA 19111-5094 (http://assist.daps.dla.mil).
5
publication on Nov. 6, 2009, it no longer contains withdrawn Method 5307.2. See ASTM DS56, Metal and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4636−14
QQ-A-671Cadmium Anod (L01900) accelerate the oxidation reactions that are expected to occur.
QQ-C-576CopperElectrolyticToughPitch(ETP)(C11000) Moisture in the air adds another realistic condition that
QQ-M-44MagnesiumAlloyAZ31B Condition H24 or H26 encourages oil breakdown by facilitating acid formation.
(M11311)
4.2 Interpretation of results should be done by comparison
QQ-S-698Low-Carbon Steel 1010, CR Temper No. 4 or 5
with data from oils of known field performance
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4636 − 09 D4636 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Hydraulic Oils,
Aircraft Turbine Engine Lubricants, and Other Highly
1
Refined Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4636; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
This test method is the result of combining Federal Test Methods 5307.2 and 5308.7. Features and
details of both of these test methods are included, but the new test method is basically Method 5307.2
2
expanded to include Method 5308.7.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the testing of hydraulic oils, aircraft turbine engine lubricants, and other highly refined oils to
determine their resistance to oxidation and corrosion degradation and their tendency to corrode various metals. Petroleum and
synthetic fluids may be evaluated using moist or dry air with or without metal test specimens.
1.2 This test method consists of a standard test procedure, an alternative Procedure 1, and an alternative Procedure 2. As there
are variations possible with this test method, it will be up to the particular specification to establish the conditions required. In
addition to temperature, the variables to specify if other than those of the standard procedure or alternative Procedure 1 or 2 are:
test time, air flow and humidity, sample frequency, test fluid quantity, and metal specimen(s).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—The values in parentheses in some of the figures are provided for information only for those using old
equipment based on non-SI units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating Oils
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3339 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
4
2.2 U.S. Federal Test Method Standards:
FED-STD-791 Testing Method of Lubricants, Liquid Fuels, and Related Products
Method 5307.2 Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Aircraft Turbine Engine Lubricants (Withdrawn)
Method 5308.7 Corrosiveness and Oxidation Stability of Light Oils (Metal Squares)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.09.0D on Oxidation of Lubricants.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009July 1, 2014. Published December 2009July 2014. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 as
ε1
D4636–99(2004)D4636 – 09. . DOI: 10.1520/D4636-09.10.1520/D4636-14.
2
FED-STD-791D is the parent document containing both test methods. As of publication on Nov. 6, 2009, it no longer contains withdrawn Method 5307.2.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins, Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia PA 19111-5094 (http://assist.daps.dla.mil).
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4636 − 14
MIL-S-13282 Refined Silver (99.95) (P07015)
5
2.3 Other Standards:
AMS 4616 Silicon Iron Bronze (C65900)
AMS 4908 Titanium Alloy—(8 % Mn) Annealed (R56080)
AMS 6490 Steel (M50) (T11350)
QQ-A-671 Cadmium Anod (L01900)
QQ-C-576 Copper Electrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) (C11000)
QQ-M
...
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