ASTM D2603-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Sonic Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Oils
Standard Test Method for Sonic Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method permits the evaluation of shear stability with minimum interference from thermal and oxidative factors which may be present in some applications. Within the limitations expressed in the scope of this test method, it has been successfully applied to hydraulic fluids, transmission fluids, tractor fluids, and other fluids of similar applications. It has been found applicable to fluids containing both readily sheared and shear-resistant polymers. Correlation with performance in the case of automotive engine applications has, to date, not been established.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the shear stability of an oil containing polymer in terms of the permanent loss in viscosity that results from irradiating a sample of the oil in a sonic oscillator. This test method can be useful in predicting the continuity of this property in an oil where no change is made in the base stock or the polymer. It is not intended that this test method serve to predict the performance of polymer-containing oils in service.
1.2 Evidence has been presented that correlation between the shear degradation results obtained by means of sonic oscillation and those obtained in mechanical devices can be poor. This is especially true in the case of automotive engines. Further evidence indicates that the sonic technique may rate different families of polymers in a different order than mechanical devices.2,3
1.3 Because of these limitations, the committee under whose jurisdiction this test method falls has developed alternative shear test methods using a diesel injector nozzle, Test Methods D5275, D6278, and D7109. While those test methods have found some utility in the evaluation of crankcase oils, the stress imparted to the sample has been found to be insufficient to shear polymers of the shear-resistant type found in aircraft hydraulic fluids.
1.4 This test method is used for polymeric additive specifications, especially in the hydraulic fluid market.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D2603 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Sonic Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2603; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the shear
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
stabilityofanoilcontainingpolymerintermsofthepermanent
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
loss in viscosity that results from irradiating a sample of the oil
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
in a sonic oscillator. This test method can be useful in
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
predicting the continuity of this property in an oil where no
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
change is made in the base stock or the polymer. It is not
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
intended that this test method serve to predict the performance
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
of polymer-containing oils in service.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 Evidence has been presented that correlation between
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the shear degradation results obtained by means of sonic
oscillation and those obtained in mechanical devices can be
2. Referenced Documents
poor. This is especially true in the case of automotive engines.
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Further evidence indicates that the sonic technique may rate
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
different families of polymers in a different order than me-
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
2,3
chanical devices.
ity)
1.3 Because of these limitations, the committee under
D5275 Test Method for Fuel Injector Shear Stability Test
whose jurisdiction this test method falls has developed alter- (FISST) for Polymer Containing Fluids
native shear test methods using a diesel injector nozzle, Test
D6022 Practice for Calculation of Permanent Shear Stability
Methods D5275, D6278, and D7109.While those test methods Index
have found some utility in the evaluation of crankcase oils, the
D6278 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer Contain-
stress imparted to the sample has been found to be insufficient ing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector Apparatus
to shear polymers of the shear-resistant type found in aircraft
D7109 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer-
hydraulic fluids. Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector Ap-
paratus at 30 Cycles and 90 Cycles
1.4 This test method is used for polymeric additive
specifications, especially in the hydraulic fluid market.
3. Summary of Test Method
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 A convenient volume of polymer-containing oil is irra-
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
diated in a sonic oscillator for a period of time and the changes
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
in viscosity are determined by Test Method D445. Standard
reference fluids containing either a readily sheared or shear-
resistant polymer are run frequently to ensure that the equip-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
ment imparts a controlled amount of sonic energy to the
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
sample.
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2019.PublishedJuly2019.Originallyapproved
NOTE 1—The conditions to obtain the data for the precision statement
in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D2603 – 01 (2013). DOI:
were a 30 mL sample, 10 min, and at 0 °C.
10.1520/D2603-19.
2
The Effects of Polymer Degradation on Flow Properties of Fluids and
Lubricants, ASTM STP 382,ASTM, 1965.Available fromASTM Headquarters, 100
4
Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, www.astm.org. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
Shear Stability of Multigrade Crankcase Oil, ASTM DS 49, ASTM, 1973. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Available from ASTM Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
PA 19428, www.astm.org. the ASTM website.
*A
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2603 − 01 (Reapproved 2013) D2603 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Sonic Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2603; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the shear stability of an oil containing polymer in terms of the permanent loss in
viscosity that results from irradiating a sample of the oil in a sonic oscillator. This test method can be useful in predicting the
continuity of this property in an oil where no change is made in the base stock or the polymer. It is not intended that this test method
serve to predict the performance of polymer-containing oils in service.
1.2 Evidence has been presented that correlation between the shear degradation results obtained by means of sonic oscillation
and those obtained in mechanical devices can be poor. This is especially true in the case of automotive engines. Further evidence
2,3
indicates that the sonic technique may rate different families of polymers in a different order than mechanical devices.
1.3 Because of these limitations, the committee under whose jurisdiction this test method falls has developed an alternative
shear test methodmethods using a diesel injector nozzle, Test MethodMethods D3945D5275, D6278, and D7109. While thatthose
test method hasmethods have found some utility in the evaluation of crankcase oils, the stress imparted to the sample has been
found to be insufficient to shear polymers of the shear-resistant type found in aircraft hydraulic fluids.
1.4 This test method is used for polymeric additive specifications, especially in the hydraulic fluid market.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided
for informational purposes only.information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D3945D5275 Test Method for Sheer Stability of Ploymer-Containing Fluids Using a Diesel Injector NozzleFuel Injector Shear
Stability Test (FISST) for Polymer Containing Fluids (Withdrawn 1998)
D6022 Practice for Calculation of Permanent Shear Stability Index
D6278 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector Apparatus
D7109 Test Method for Shear Stability of Polymer-Containing Fluids Using a European Diesel Injector Apparatus at 30 Cycles
and 90 Cycles
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013June 1, 2019. Published August 2013July 2019. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
D2603 – 01 (2007).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D2603-01R13.10.1520/D2603-19.
2
The Effects of Polymer Degradation on Flow Properties of Fluids and Lubricants, ASTM STP 382, ASTM, 1965. Available from ASTM Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor
Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, www.astm.org.
3
Shear Stability of Multigrade Crankcase Oil, ASTM DS 49, ASTM, 1973. Available from ASTM Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428,
www.astm.org.
4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document
...
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