ASTM E2103-00

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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An American National Standard
Designation: E 2103 – 00
Standard Classification for
Bridge Elements and Related Approach Work
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2103; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope neers, project/program managers, specification writers, operat-
ing and maintenance staff, manufacturers, and educators.
1.1 This standard establishes a practice of classifying bridge
4.3 Use this practice when doing the following:
elementsandrelatedapproachwork.Elements,asdefinedhere,
4.3.1 Estimating and controlling costs during planning,
are major components common to most bridges. Elements
design, and construction. Use this standard to prepare budgets
usually perform a given function, regardless of the design
and to establish elemental cost plans before design begins. The
specification, construction method, or materials used. The
project manager uses cost plans to control project cost, time,
practice serves as a consistent reference for analysis, evalua-
and quality, and to set design-to-cost targets.
tion, cost estimating, and monitoring during the feasibility,
4.3.2 Conducting value engineering workshops. Use this
planning and design stages of bridges. It also enhances
standard as a checklist to ensure that alternatives for all
reporting at all stages from feasibility and planning through the
elements of significant cost in the bridge project are analyzed
preparation of working documents, construction, maintenance,
in the creativity phase of the job plan. Also, use the elemental
rehabilitation, and disposal.
cost data to expedite the development of cost models for bridge
1.2 This classification applies to bridges and related ap-
systems.
proach work. It excludes specialized structures such as signs
4.3.3 Developing initial project master schedules. Since
and signals related to general highway use, but it does include
projects are built element by element, this standard is an
bridge parapets, medians, drainage, and barriers needed to
appropriate basis for preparing construction schedules at the
lessen vehicular impact.
start of the design process.
1.3 This classification is similar to the E 1557, Standard
4.3.4 Structuring cost manuals and recording construction,
Classification for Building Elements and Related Sitework -
operating, and maintenance costs in a computer database.
Uniformat II. However, it focuses exclusively on Bridges and
Having a cost manual or computer database in an elemental
Relocated Approach Work.
format assists the preparation of an economic analysis early in
2. Referenced Documents the design stage and at a reasonable cost.
4.3.5 Structuring preliminary project descriptions during the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
conceptual design phase. This classification facilitates the
E 1557 Standard Classification for Building Elements and
description of the scope of the project in a clear, concise, and
Related Site Work – Uniformat II
logical sequence for presentation to the client; it provides the
3. Terminology
basis for the preparation of more detailed elemental estimates
during the early concept and preliminary design phases, and it
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this prac-
enhances communication between designers and clients by
tice, refer to Terminology E 833.
providing a clear statement of the designer’s intent.
4. Significance and Use
5. Basis of Classification
4.1 This classification defines bridge elements that are
5.1 The framework in Fig. 1 shows how bridge structures
major components of most bridges. The elemental clarification
and related approaches fit with the rest of the built environ-
is the common thread linking activities and participants in a
ment. This practice does not include general road features such
bridge project from initial planning through operations, main-
as pavements, drainage structures, and noise walls.
tenance, and disposal.
5.2 Criteria for the Classification— The selected elements
4.2 The users of this standard include federal, state, county
are grouped according to the following criteria:
and city officials, cost planners, estimators, schedulers, engi-
5.2.1 The classification is applicable to any type of bridge.
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