ASTM B427-21

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B427 − 09 (Reapproved 2015) B427 − 21
Standard Specification for
Gear Bronze Alloy Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for alloys whose copper alloy numbers and nominal compositions are shown in
Table 1. The castings may be furnished as one of three types: static chill, centrifugal chill, or sand cast.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and Continuous
Castings
B824 Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
B950 Guide for Editorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications for Copper and Copper Alloys
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical Composition
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
3. General Requirements
3.1 The following sections of Specification B824 constitute a part of this specification.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on Castings
and Ingots for Remelting.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015April 1, 2021. Published June 2015April 2021. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20092015 as
B427 – 09.B427 – 09 (2015). DOI: 10.1520/B0427-09R15.10.1520/B0427-21.
The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition of a
prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodate composition variations of the base alloy.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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B427 − 21
TABLE 21 Chemical Requirements
Composition, max % (Unless Shown as a Range or Minimum) Copper Alloy UNS No.
Element
A A A A A A
C90700 C90800 C91700C91600 C90700 C91600C91700 C92900
B B B B B
Copper 85.0–89.0 84.0–87.0 88.0–90.0 86.0–89.0 82.0–86.0
B B B B B
Copper 88.0–90.0 85.0–89.0 86.0–89.0 84.0–87.0 82.0–86.0
Tin 11.0–13.0 11.3–12.5 10.0–12.0 9.7–10.8 9.0–11.0
Tin 10.0–12.0 11.0–13.0 9.7–10.8 11.3–12.5 9.0–11.0
Lead 0.25 0.25 0.50 0.25 2.0–3.2
Lead 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.25 2.0–3.2
Zinc 0.25 0.25 0.50 0.25 0.25
Zinc 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
Iron 0.15 0.20 0.15 0.20 0.20
Iron 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.20
Antimony 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.25
Nickel (incl. cobalt) 0.50 1.2–2.0 0.50 1.2–2.0 2.8–4.0
C C C C C
Nickel (incl. cobalt) 0.50 0.50 1.2–2.0 1.2–2.0 2.8–4.0
Sulfur 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Phosphorus 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.50
Aluminum 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005
Silicon 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005
A
Ingot for remelting specifications vary from the ranges shown.
B
In determining Cu min., Cu may be calculated as Cu + Ni.
C
Ni value includes Co.
3.1.1 Terminology (Section 4)
3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture
3.1.3 Sampling
3.1.4 Number of Tests and Retests
3.1.5 Specimen Preparation
3.1.6 Certification
3.1.7 Test Reports
3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to that referenced in 3.1, above, appears in this specification, it contains
additional requirements which supplement those appearing in SpecificationTerminology B846.
4. Terminology
4.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Include the following information when placing in orders for product under this specification:product:
5.1.1 Quantity of castings required,ASTM designation and year of issue (for example, B427 – 09);
5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. ((forTable 1), example, C90800);
5.1.3 Specification title, number, and year of issue,Dimensions: inside diameter, outside diameter, thickness, and width;
5.1.4 Form: cross-section, such as tube, round, hexagon, octagon, square, or rectangle;
5.1.5 Pattern or drawing number and casting type Tolerances, agreed upon with producer and consumer (Section 18),);
5.1.6 Length (including length tolerance if other than mill lengths);
B427 − 21
5.1.7 RepairNumber of castings (Sectionor 9),total weight for each size and form; and
5.1.8 Certification, if specified in the purchase order (Specification When castings are purchased for agencies of the U.S.
government, the Supplementary Requirements of Specification B824), may be specified.
5.1.7 Foundry test report, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824), and
5.1.8 Witness inspection, if specified in the purchase order (Specification B824).
5.2 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S. Government, the Supplementary Requirements of Specification The
following requirements are optional and should be specified in the purchase order, when required:B824 may be specified.
5.2.1 Chemical analysis of residual elements (Section 6 and Specification B824),
5.2.2 Mechanical requirements (Section 7 and Test Methods E8/E8M),
5.2.3 Witness inspection (Specification B824).
5.2.4 Certification (Specification B824),
5.2.5 Foundry test report (Specification B824),
5.2.6 Product marking (Specification B824), and
5.2.7 Approval of weld repair and records of repair (Section 9).
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The castings shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition requirements prescribed in Table 21 for the alloy
specified.copper [alloy] UNS No. specified in the ordering information.
6.2 These specificationcomposition limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. Limits By agreement between the
manufacturer and purchaser, limits may be established by agreement between manufacturer or supplier and purchaser for these and
analysis required for unnamed elements. Copper may be given as remainder and may be taken as the difference between the sum
of all elements analyzed and 100 %. When all the named elements in Table 21 are analyzed, their sum shall be as specified in Table
32.
7. Mec
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