ASTM D5704-03

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An American National Standard
Designation: D 5704 – 03
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of
Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final
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Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope by Potentiometric Titration
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D 893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1
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2
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and
2.2 ANSI Standard:
deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual trans-
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ANSI/ISA-S7.3 Quality Standard for Instrument Air
mission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
2.3 Military Specification:
high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
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MIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
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2.4 ASTM Adjuncts:
as the standard except for the catalyst weight loss and oil
Engineering Drawings
weight measurements, for which the unit is gram; the oil
volume, for which the unit is millilitre; the alternator output,
3. Terminology
for which the unit is watt; and the air flow, for which the unit
3.1 Definitions:
is milligram per minute. The other SI values, which are in
3.1.1 carbon, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
parentheses, are for information only.
axles, a hard, dry, generally black or gray deposit that can be
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
removed by solvents but not by wiping with a cloth.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 lubricant, n—in manual transmission and final drive
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
axles, lubricating oil.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.3 sludge, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
axles, a deposit principally composed of the lubricating oil and
information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.
oxidation products that do not drain from parts but can be
2. Referenced Documents removed by wiping with a cloth.
3.1.4 thermal and oxidative stability, n—in lubricating oils
2.1 ASTM Standards:
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used for manual transmissions and final drive axles, a lack of
B 224 Classification of Coppers
deterioration of the lubricating oil under high-temperature
D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
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conditions that is observed as viscosity increase of the lubri-
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
cating oil, insolubles formation in the lubricating oil, or deposit
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
formation on the parts, or a combination thereof.
and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
5 3.1.5 varnish, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
ity)
axles, a hard, dry, generally lustrous deposit that can be
D 664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
removed by solvents but not by wiping with a cloth.
4. Summary of Test Method
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 4.1 A sample of the lubricant to be tested is placed in a
D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
heated gear case containing two spur gears, a test bearing, and
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originally
a copper catalyst. The lubricant is heated to a specified
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 5704–00a.
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Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters.
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Information Letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
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Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition Joint standard of ANSI/ISA. Available from Instrument Society of America, 67
incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through 02–2. The TMC is also the Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12277, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
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source of reference oils. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04. Detailed drawings necessary for rig construction. Available from ASTM
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. International Head
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